{{Short description|Group of structurally diverse proteins}} {{Redirect|AKAP|the {{lang|tl|Ayuda sa Kapos ang Kita}} cash transfer program|Conditional cash transfer#Ayuda sa Kapos ang Kita Program }}
The '''A-kinase anchoring proteins''' or '''A-kinase anchor proteins''' ('''AKAPs''') are a group of structurally diverse proteins, which have the common function of binding to the regulatory subunit of protein kinase A (PKA) and confining the holoenzyme to discrete locations within the cell.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Langeberg|first1=LK|last2=Scott|first2=JD|title=A-kinase-anchoring proteins|journal=Journal of Cell Science|date=1 August 2005|volume=118|issue=15|pages=3217–3220|doi=10.1242/jcs.02416|pmid=16079273|citeseerx=10.1.1.621.7853|s2cid=19917481}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite journal|last=Marin|first=Wenwen|date=January 2020|title=A-kinase anchoring protein 1 (AKAP1) and its role in some cardiovascular diseases|url=https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yjmcc.2019.11.154|journal=Journal of Molecular and Cellular Cardiology|volume=138|pages=99–109|doi=10.1016/j.yjmcc.2019.11.154|pmid=31783032|s2cid=208499003 |issn=0022-2828|url-access=subscription}}</ref> At least 20 AKAPs have been cloned.<ref>{{cite journal |author=Schwartz JH |title=The many dimensions of cAMP signaling |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=98 |issue=24 |pages=13482–4 |date=November 2001 |pmid=11717418 |doi=10.1073/pnas.251533998 |pmc=61065|bibcode=2001PNAS...9813482S |doi-access=free }}</ref> There are at least 50 members, often named after their molecular mass.
== Function ==
AKAPs act as scaffold proteins wherein they bind PKA and other signaling proteins and physically tether these multi-protein complexes to specific locations, such as the nucleus, in cells.<ref name=":0" /> This allows specific targeting of substrates to be regulated by phosphorylation (by PKA) and dephosphorylation (by phosphatases).<ref name=":0" /> The dimerization and docking (D/D) domain of the regulatory subunit dimer of PKA binds with the A-kinase binding (AKB) domain (an amphipathic helix) of AKAP. The AKAPs also bind other components, including; phosphodiesterases (PDEs) which break down cAMP, phosphatases which dephosphorylate downstream PKA targets and also other kinases (PKC and MAPK). Some AKAPs are able to bind both regulatory subunits (RI & RII) of PKA and are dual-specific AKAPs (D-AKAP1 and D-AKAP2).
==List of AKAPs== *AKAP1 *AKAP2 *AKAP3 *AKAP4 *AKAP5 *AKAP6 *AKAP7 *AKAP8 *AKAP9 *AKAP10 *AKAP11 *AKAP12 *AKAP13
== References == {{reflist}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Akap}} Category:A-kinase-anchoring proteins