Parides vertumnus

{{Short description|Species of butterfly}} {{Speciesbox | image = Parides vertumnus vertumnus MHNT dos.jpg | image_caption = Specimen in the collection of Muséum de Toulouse | status = | taxon = Parides vertumnus | authority = (Cramer, 1779) | synonyms = *''Papilio vertumnus'' Cramer, [1779] *''Papilio phronius'' Lucas, 1852 *''Papilio cixius'' Gray, [1853] *''Papilio vertumnus'' ab. ''latoplaga'' Dufrane, 1930 *''Papilio vertumnus'' ab. ''rubropuncta'' Dufrane, 1930 *''Papilio vertumnus diceros f. regularis'' Rousseau-Decelle, 1943 *''Papilio cutora'' Gray, [1853] *''Papilio cutora'' C. & R. Felder, 1864 *''Papilio diceros'' Gray, [1853] *''Papilio idalion'' C. & R. Felder, 1865 *''Papilio vertumnus'' var. ''bogotanus'' C. & R. Felder, 1864 *''Papilio diceros'' ab. ''lineatransversa'' Krüger, 1933 *''Papilio vertumnus'' var. ''autumnus'' Staudinger, 1898 *''Papilio vertumnus yuracares'' Rothschild & Jordan, 1906 *''Papilio vertumnus'' f. ''nigripalpus'' Röber, 1929 *''Papilio vertumnus pseudobogotanus'' Krüger, 1926 *''Papilio vertumnus pyrophanus'' Zikán, 1937 *''Papilio vertumnus'' f. ''melanopterus'' Zikán, 1937 *''Papilio vertumnus vertumnalis'' Bryk, 1953 *''Papilio vertumnus astorius'' Zikán, 1940 }}

'''''Parides vertumnus ''''' is a species of butterfly in the family Papilionidae. It is found in the Neotropical realm.

The larvae feed on ''Aristolochia'' species including ''A. elegans'', ''A. odoratissima'' and ''A. acutifolia''.

==Subspecies== *''P. v. vertumnus'' Guianas, Surinam, French Guiana, eastern Venezuela <ref>Lewis, H. L., 1974 ''Butterflies of the World'' {{ISBN|0-245-52097-X}} Page 26, figure 27, female</ref> *''P. v. cutora'' (Gray, [1853]) Brazil (Amazonas, Pará) *''P. v. diceros'' (Gray, [1853]) Brazil (Pará) *''P. v. bogotanus'' (C. & R. Felder, 1864) Colombia, Ecuador, northeastern Peru

==Description from Seitz==

{{Lepidopteran glossary hatnote}} P. vertumnus. Palpi red. Forewing in the male with a green spot; in the female unicolorous or spotted with white. Hindwing of the male with triangular red area, which consists of 3 or 4 spots, of which the posterior one is usually the longest; in the female with a broad red band, consisting of 5—7 spots, of which the four posterior ones are more or less completely connected. One of the commonest species, which is often met with in the woods, settling in damp places at the edge of the brooks. Distributed from Colombia to Bolivia, Guiana and Para, but not yet found in Venezuela and Brazil proper.*[* Faunistically we understand by Brazil the eastern part of the continent from the province of Goyaz and Pernambuco to Rio Grande do Sul. In this district we find a fauna which is quite different in many respects fiom that of the rest of South America.] — ''yuracares'' R. & J. is the Bolivian subspecies. Only the male is known. The green spot touches the cell, and encloses at least one white spot. Hindwing with at least 4 red spots, of which the anterior two are separated; 5 small spots on the under surface. Found by J. Steinbach from January to April. — ''autumnus'' Stgr. (3d)., male : the green spot larger than in the preceding; hindwing with 3 red spots; 4 small red spots on the under surface. Female : forewing with very large yellowish area; cell-spot especially large. East Peru : Chanchamayo; undoubtedly extending further south. — ''bogotanus'' Fldr. Only the male known to us. Forewing without white spot; hindwing with rather large red area, the spots on the under surface small. Rio Palcazu north wards to "Bogota". — ''diceros'' Gray (= ''cixius'' Gray male = ''cutora'' Gray), Male: forewing usually without white spots in the green area; when present they are transverse, and somewhat obliquely placed; red area of the hindwing smaller than in the preceding forms, the spots on the under surface on the contrary generally larger. Female: forewing with chalky-white area, consisting of 2—4 spots, occasionally only one double spot present. Para to Iquitos. — ''vertumnus'' Cr (3 c) is distinguished in the male from all the other forms of the species by the short-haired middle and hind tibiae. The female as in the Amazon form, or the forewing with only one white spot, of which there is sometimes merely an indication. Guiana.<ref> Jordan, K., in Seitz, A. ( 1907) . ''The Macrolepidoptera of the World''. 5: The Macrolepidoptera of the American faunistic region. Papilionidae 1-45. {{PD-notice}}</ref>

<gallery> File:Macrolepidoptera15seit 0015.jpg| Seitz Plate 3d </gallery>

==Description from Rothschild and Jordan(1906)== A full description is provided by Rothschild, W. and Jordan, K. (1906)<ref>Rothschild, W. and Jordan, K. (1906). A revision of the American Papilios. ''Novitates Zoologicae'' 13: 411-752. (Facsimile edition ed. P.H. Arnaud, 1967) and [https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/21926#page/425/mode/1up online]</ref> See note on synonymy under Seitz (above).

==Etymology== It is named in the classical tradition. In Roman mythology, the god Vertumnus could change his form at will.

==References== {{Commons category|Parides vertumnus}} {{Reflist}} *{{cite book |last1=Collins |first1=N. Mark |last2=Morris |first2=Michael G. |title=Threatened Swallowtail Butterflies of the World: The IUCN Red Data Book |url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/98674#page/7/mode/1up |year=1985 |publisher=IUCN |location=Gland & Cambridge |isbn=978-2-88032-603-6 |via=Biodiversity Heritage Library}} *Edwin Möhn, 2006 ''Schmetterlinge der Erde'', Butterflies of the World Part XXVI (26), Papilionidae XIII. ''Parides''. Edited by Erich Bauer and Thomas Frankenbach Keltern: Goecke & Evers; Canterbury: Hillside Books. {{ISBN|978-3-937783-27-7}} (Supplement 13 in English - by Racheli)

Category:Butterflies described in 1779 vertumnus Category:Swallowtail butterflies of South America Category:Taxa named by Pieter Cramer Category:Lepidoptera of Suriname Category:Lepidoptera of French Guiana Category:Lepidoptera of Venezuela Category:Lepidoptera of Brazil Category:Lepidoptera of Colombia Category:Lepidoptera of Ecuador Category:Lepidoptera of Peru Category:Lepidoptera of Bolivia

Parides vertumnus

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