{{Short description|Group of flowering plants}} {{Automatic taxobox | image = Galega officinalis2UME.jpg | image_caption = ''Galega officinalis'' | display_parents = 3 | taxon = Inverted repeat-lacking clade | authority = (Wojciechowski ''et al''. 2000,<ref name="Wojciechowski1">{{cite book | vauthors = Wojciechowski MF, Sanderson MJ, Steele KP, Liston A | year = 2000 | chapter = Molecular phylogeny of the “temperate herbaceous tribes” of papilionoid legumes: A supertree approach | chapter-url = http://www.public.asu.edu/~mfwojci/pdfs/WojoALS2000.pdf | veditors = Herendeen PS, Bruneau A | title = Advances in Legume Systematics, Part 9 | url = http://www.kewbooks.com/asps/ShowDetails.asp?id=52 | location = Kew, UK | publisher = Royal Botanic Gardens | pages = 277–298 | isbn = 184246017X | access-date = 2014-01-16 | archive-date = 2014-01-16 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20140116180637/http://www.kewbooks.com/asps/ShowDetails.asp?id=52 | url-status = dead }}</ref> 2004<ref name="Wojciechowski2">{{cite journal |vauthors=Wojciechowski MF, Lavin M, Sanderson MJ | year = 2004 | title = A phylogeny of legumes (Leguminosae) based on analysis of the plastid ''matK'' gene resolves many well-supported subclades within the family | journal = Am J Bot | volume = 91 | pages = 1846–1862 | doi = 10.3732/ajb.91.11.1846 | pmid = 21652332 | issue=11| doi-access = free | bibcode = 2004AmJB...91.1846W }}</ref>) Wojciechowski 2013<ref name="Wojciechowski3">{{cite journal | author = Wojciechowski MF. | year = 2013 | title = Towards a new classification of Leguminosae: Naming clades using non-Linnaean phylogenetic nomenclature | journal = S Afr J Bot | volume = 89 | pages = 85–93 | doi = 10.1016/j.sajb.2013.06.017 | doi-access = free | bibcode = 2013SAJB...89...85W }}</ref> | subdivision_ranks = Tribes | subdivision_ref = <ref name="Wojciechowski1" /><ref name="Cardoso1">{{cite journal |vauthors=Cardoso D, Pennington RT, de Queiroz LP, Boatwright JS, Van Wyk BE, Wojciechowski MF, Lavin M | year = 2013 | title = Reconstructing the deep-branching relationships of the papilionoid legumes | journal = S Afr J Bot | volume = 89 | pages = 58–75 | doi = 10.1016/j.sajb.2013.05.001 | doi-access = free | bibcode = 2013SAJB...89...58C | hdl = 10566/3193 | hdl-access = free }}</ref> | subdivision = * Astragaleae (syn. Galegeae) * Cicereae * Hedysareae * Fabeae * Trifolieae * Wisterieae<ref name=CompSchrKonyFore19/> * ''Incertae sedis'' ** ''Glycyrrhiza'' <small>L.</small> | synonyms = *''Galegeae sensu lato'' <small>''sensu'' Polhill, 1981</small> *IR-lacking clade *IRLC *Temperate herbaceous clade *THC }}
The '''inverted repeat-lacking clade''' ('''IRLC''') is an informal monophyletic clade of the flowering plant subfamily Faboideae. Well-known members of this clade include chickpeas, broad or fava beans, vetch, lentils, peas, wisteria, alfalfa, clover, fenugreek, liquorice, and locoweeds. The name of this clade is informal and is not assumed to have any particular taxonomic rank like the names authorized by the ICBN or the ICPN.<ref name="Wojciechowski3" /> The clade is characterized by the loss of one of the two 25-kb inverted repeats in the plastid genome that are found in most land plants.<ref name="Lavin">{{cite journal |vauthors=Lavin M, Doyle JJ, Palmer JD | year = 1990 | title = Evolutionary significance of the loss of the chloroplast-DNA inverted repeat in the Leguminosae subfamily Papilionoideae | journal = Evolution | volume = 44 | issue = 2 | pages = 390–402 | jstor = 2409416 | doi=10.2307/2409416| pmid = 28564377 | hdl = 2027.42/137404 | url = https://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/137404/1/evo05207.pdf }}</ref> It is consistently resolved in molecular phylogenies.<ref name="Wojciechowski1" /><ref name="Wojciechowski2" /><ref name="Cardoso1" /><ref name="Lavin" /><ref name="Liston">{{cite book | author = Liston A. | year = 1995 | chapter = Use of the polymerase chain reaction to survey for the loss of the inverted repeat in the legume chloroplast genome | veditors = Crisp MD, Doyle JJ | title = Advances in Legume Systematics, Part 7: Phylogeny | chapter-url = http://www.kewbooks.com/asps/ShowDetails.asp?id=81 | location = Kew, UK | publisher = Royal Botanic Gardens | pages = 31–40 | isbn = 0947643796 | access-date = 2014-01-16 | archive-date = 2014-01-17 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20140117001006/http://www.kewbooks.com/asps/ShowDetails.asp?id=81 | url-status = dead }}</ref><ref name="Käss">{{cite journal |vauthors=Käss E, Wink M | year = 1996 | title = Molecular evolution of the Leguminosae: Phylogeny of the three subfamilies based on ''rbcL''-sequences | journal = Biochem Syst Ecol | volume = 24 | issue = 5 | pages = 365–378 | doi = 10.1016/0305-1978(96)00032-4 | bibcode = 1996BioSE..24..365K }}</ref><ref name="Sanderson">{{cite journal |vauthors=Sanderson MJ, Wojciechowski MF | year = 1996 | title = Diversification rates in a temperate legume clade: Are there "so many species" of ''Astragalus'' (Fabaceae)? | journal = Am J Bot | volume = 83 | issue = 11 | pages = 1488–1502 | doi = 10.2307/2446103 | jstor = 2446103 }}</ref><ref name="Doyle">{{cite journal |vauthors=Doyle JJ, Doyle JL, Ballenger JA, Dickson EE, Kajita T, Ohashi H | year = 1997 | title = A phylogeny of the chloroplast gene ''rbcL'' in the Leguminosae: Taxonomic correlations and insights into the evolution of nodulation | journal = Am J Bot | volume = 84 | issue = 4 | pages = 541–554 | pmid = 21708606 | doi=10.2307/2446030| jstor = 2446030 | doi-access = free | bibcode = 1997AmJB...84..541D }}</ref><ref name="Pennington">{{cite journal |vauthors=Pennington RT, Lavin M, Ireland H, Klitgaard B, Preston J, Hu JM | year = 2001 | title = Phylogenetic relationships of basal papilionoid legumes based upon sequences of the chloroplast ''trnL'' intron | url = http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.1043/0363-6445-26.3.537 | journal = Syst Bot | volume = 26 | issue = 3 | pages = 537–556 | doi = 10.1043/0363-6445-26.3.537 | doi-broken-date = 12 July 2025 }}</ref><ref name="McMahon">{{cite journal |vauthors=McMahon MM, Sanderson MJ | year = 2006 | title = Phylogenetic supermatrix analysis of GenBank sequences from 2228 papilionoid legumes | journal = Syst Biol | volume = 55 | issue = 5 | pages = 818–836 | doi = 10.1080/10635150600999150 | pmid = 17060202 | doi-access = free }}</ref><ref name="Cardoso2">{{cite journal | vauthors = Cardoso D, de Queiroz LP, Pennington RT, de Lima HC, Fonty É, Wojciechowski MF, Lavin M | year = 2012 | title = Revisiting the phylogeny of papilionoid legumes: New insights from comprehensively sampled early-branching lineages | journal = Am J Bot | volume = 99 | issue = 12 | pages = 1991–2013 | doi = 10.3732/ajb.1200380 | pmid = 23221500 | bibcode = 2012AmJB...99.1991C }}</ref>{{Excessive citations inline|date=April 2025}} The clade is predicted to have diverged from the other legume lineages 39.0±2.4 million years ago (in the Eocene).<ref name="Lavin2">{{cite journal |vauthors=Lavin M, Herendeen PS, Wojciechowski MF | year = 2005 | title = Evolutionary rates analysis of Leguminosae implicates a rapid diversification of lineages during the tertiary | journal = Syst Biol | volume = 54 | issue = 4 | pages = 575–94 | doi = 10.1080/10635150590947131 | pmid = 16085576 | doi-access = free }}</ref> It includes several large, temperate genera such as ''Astragalus'', ''Hedysarum'', ''Medicago'', ''Oxytropis'', ''Swainsona'', and ''Trifolium''.
==Description== {{Further|Chloroplast DNA#Inverted repeats}} This clade is composed of five traditional tribes (Cicereae, Fabeae, Galegeae, Hedysareae, and Trifolieae) and several genera that were traditionally placed in the tribe Millettieae: ''Afgekia'', ''Callerya'', ''Endosamara'', ''Sarcodum'', ''Wisteria'', and possibly ''Antheroporum''.<ref name="Wojciechowski3" /> The first five of these genera have been transferred to the tribe Wisterieae, so that as revised, the tribe Millettieae falls outside the IRLC clade.<ref name=CompSchrKonyFore19>{{Cite journal|last1=Compton |first1=James A. |last2=Schrire |first2=Brian D. |last3=Könyves |first3=Kálmán |last4=Forest |first4=Félix |last5=Malakasi |first5=Panagiota |last6=Sawai Mattapha |last7=Sirichamorn |first7=Yotsawate |date=2019 |title=The ''Callerya'' Group redefined and Tribe Wisterieae (Fabaceae) emended based on morphology and data from nuclear and chloroplast DNA sequences |journal=PhytoKeys |issue=125 |pages=1–112 |doi=10.3897/phytokeys.125.34877 |pmid=31303810 |pmc=6610001 |name-list-style=amp |doi-access=free |bibcode=2019PhytK.125....1C }}</ref> The clade is defined as:<blockquote>"The most inclusive crown clade exhibiting the structural mutation in the plastid genome (loss of one copy of the ~25-kb inverted repeat region) homologous with that found in ''Galega officinalis'', ''Glycyrrhiza lepidota'', and ''Vicia faba'', where these taxa are extant species included in the crown clade defined by this name."<ref name="Wojciechowski3" /></blockquote>
==Uses== This clade includes edible plants such as garden peas, lentils, chickpeas, licorice, alfafa, among others.
==References== {{Reflist|2}}
==External links== * [http://tolweb.org/IRLC_%28Inverted_Repeat-lacking_clade%29/60358 The IRLC at the Tree of Life] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131112190709/http://tolweb.org/IRLC_%28Inverted_Repeat-lacking_clade%29/60358 |date=2013-11-12 }}
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Inverted repeat-lacking clade Category:Plant unranked clades