{{Short description|Genus of legumes}} {{Automatic taxobox | taxon = Sarcodum | authority = Lour.<ref name=POWO_23482-1/> | subdivision_ranks = Species | subdivision = See text. | type_species = Sarcodum scandens | type_species_authority = Lour.<ref name=CompSchrKonyFore19/> }}
'''''Sarcodum''''' is a genus of flowering plants in the legume family, Fabaceae. It belongs to the subfamily Faboideae, tribe Wisterieae.<ref name=CompSchrKonyFore19/> Its three species are twining vines growing over shrubs, and are native from southeast mainland China to the Solomon Islands.<ref name=POWO_23482-1/>
==Description== ''Sarcodum'' species are twining vines that scramble over shrubs, growing up to {{cvt|5|–|10|m|ft|0}} high. The mature stems are reddish brown. The leaves have 8–44 leaflets arranged in pairs, plus a terminal leaflet. Individual leaflets may be up to {{cvt|4.5|cm|in|1}} long by {{cvt|2.5|cm|in|1}} wide. The inflorescences are composed of erect leafy axillary and terminal racemes {{cvt|3|–|12|cm|in|1}} long. Each flower is {{cvt|6|–|19|mm|in|1}} long, and has the typical shape of a member of the family Fabaceae. The pink or pinkish lilac standard petal is {{cvt|10|–|13|mm|in|1}} long by {{cvt|6|–|8|mm|in|1}} wide with a broad, dark yellow nectar guide. The wing petals are {{cvt|8|–|13|mm|in|1}} long by {{cvt|3|mm|in|1}} across, either much or slightly shorter than the keel petals, and with short basal claws. The keel petals are {{cvt|13|mm|in|1}} long by {{cvt|4|mm|in|1}} wide. Nine of the stamens are fused together, the tenth is free; all curve upwards at the apex. The seed pods are up to {{cvt|5|cm|in|1}} long, initially green, then black and hard when ripe, splitting to release the 4–10 seeds.<ref name=CompSchrKonyFore19/>
==Taxonomy== {{See also|Wisterieae#Taxonomy}} The genus ''Sarcodum'' was established by João de Loureiro in 1790.<ref name=IPNI_23482-1/> The genus name is derived from the Greek {{lang|grc|σαρκώδης}} (''sarkōdēs'') 'fleshy', referring to the seed pod.<ref name=Lour90/> A 2019 molecular phylogenetic confirmed the monophyly of the genus, placing it in the tribe Wisterieae. ''Sarcodum'' is most closely related to ''Endosamara'' and ''Sigmoidala'' but has smaller leaflets – mostly less than {{cvt|2.5|cm|in|0}} wide as opposed to mostly {{cvt|2.5|–|7|cm|in|1}} wide in the other two genera. Its inflorescences are leafy racemes rather than larger erect panicles.<ref name=CompSchrKonyFore19/>
===Species=== {{As of|2023|January}}, Plants of the World Online accepted three genera:<ref name=POWO_23482-1/> *''Sarcodum bicolor'' <small>Adema</small> *''Sarcodum scandens'' <small>Lour.</small> *''Sarcodum solomonense'' <small>R.Clark</small>
==Distribution and habitat== The three species of ''Sarcodum'' are native to southeast mainland China and Hainan, Vietnam and Laos, and south to Java, the Lesser Sunda Islands, the Maluku Islands, the Philippines, Sulawesi and the Solomon Islands.<ref name=POWO_23482-1/> The species grow in low thickets from sea level to {{cvt|300|m|ft|-2}}.<ref name=CompSchrKonyFore19/>
== References == {{Reflist|refs= <ref name=CompSchrKonyFore19>{{Citation |last1=Compton |first1=James A. |last2=Schrire |first2=Brian D. |last3=Könyves |first3=Kálmán |last4=Forest |first4=Félix |last5=Malakasi |first5=Panagiota |last6=Sawai Mattapha |last7=Sirichamorn |first7=Yotsawate |date=2019 |title=The ''Callerya'' Group redefined and Tribe Wisterieae (Fabaceae) emended based on morphology and data from nuclear and chloroplast DNA sequences |journal=PhytoKeys |issue=125 |pages=1–112 |doi=10.3897/phytokeys.125.34877 |pmid=31303810 |pmc=6610001 |name-list-style=amp |mode=cs1 |doi-access=free }}</ref>
<ref name=Lour90>{{Citation |last1=de Loureiro |first1=Joannis |date=1790 |contribution=Genus XXXV ''Sarcodum'' |title=Flora cochinchinensis |volume=2 |contribution-url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/654154 |pages=461–462 |language=la |access-date=2023-01-11 |mode=cs1}}</ref>
<ref name=IPNI_23482-1>{{cite web |title=''Sarcodum'' Lour. |work=The International Plant Names Index |url=https://www.ipni.org/n/23482-1 |access-date=2023-01-11 }}</ref>
<ref name=POWO_23482-1>{{cite web |title=''Sarcodum'' Lour.. |work=Plants of the World Online |publisher=Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew|url=https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:23482-1 |access-date=2023-01-07 }}</ref> }}
{{Taxonbar|from=Q5223201}}
Category:Wisterieae Category:Fabaceae genera Category:Taxa named by João de Loureiro