Vienne, Isère

{{Short description|Subprefecture in France}} {{about|the French commune|the French department|Vienne (department)}} {{Distinguish|Vienna}} {{Use dmy dates|date=August 2023}} {{Infobox French commune |name = Vienne |native name = {{native name|frp|Vièna}} |commune status = Subprefecture |image = {{Photomontage|center| | photo1a = Vienne - Quai du Rhône, église Saint-André-le-Bas et chapelle Notre-Dame-de-la-Salette, depuis Saint-Romain-en-Gal.jpeg | photo2a = Jefferson contemple le temple.jpg | photo2b = Cathédrale_Saint-Maurice_(Vienne,_2022).jpg | photo3a = Jardin de Cybèle.jpg | photo3b = Dinnertime,_rue_Fernand-Point_+_Stela!.jpg | photo3c = Trois collines à Vienne.jpg | photo4a = Pont Saint-Martin vu d'en dessous.jpg | photo4b = Vienne (Isère) - Théâtre antique depuis le mont Pipet (août 2020).jpg | size = 300 | spacing = 2 }}

|image size = |caption = From left to right, top to bottom: partial view of the city and the Rhône river from Saint-Romain-en-Gal with the Pipet sanctuary atop the hill; a bust of Thomas Jefferson in front of the Gallo-Roman temple of Augustus and Livia; the Saint-Maurice Cathedral; the archeological gardens of Cybèle; the Obelisk from the Gallo-Roman circus, rue Fernand Point; the Château de la Bâtie atop Mont Salomon; under the Saint-Martin bridge in the Gère valley; the Roman Theatre and the city from Pipet hill. |image flag = |image flag size = |image coat of arms = Blason de Vienne (Isère) - 1887.svg |image coat of arms size = |city motto = {{lang|la|Vienna Civitas Sancta}}<br />{{smaller|"Vienne Saint City"}} (prior to 1887)<br />{{lang|la|Vienna Urbs Senatoria}}<br />{{smaller|"Vienne Senatorial City"}} (since 1887) |arrondissement = Vienne |canton = Vienne-1 and 2 |INSEE = 38544 |postal code = 38200 |demonym = Viennois |mayor = Thierry Kovacs<ref>{{cite web|title=Répertoire national des élus: les maires|url=https://www.data.gouv.fr/fr/datasets/r/2876a346-d50c-4911-934e-19ee07b0e503|publisher=data.gouv.fr, Plateforme ouverte des données publiques françaises|date=6 June 2023|language=fr}}</ref> |term = 2020&ndash;2026 |party = LR |intercommunality = CA Vienne Condrieu |coordinates = {{coord|45.5242|4.8781|format=dms|display=inline,title}} |elevation m = 169 |elevation min m = 140 |elevation max m = 404 |area km2 = 22.65 |population = {{France metadata Wikidata|population_total}} |population date = {{France metadata Wikidata|population_as_of}} |population footnotes = {{France metadata Wikidata|population_footnotes}} }} '''Vienne''' ({{IPA|fr|vjɛn|lang|fr-Vienne.ogg}}; {{langx|frp|Vièna}}) is a town in southeastern France, located {{convert|35|km|mi}} south of Lyon, at the confluence of the Gère and the Rhône. It is the fourth-largest commune in the Isère department, of which it is a subprefecture alongside La Tour-du-Pin. Vienne was a major centre of the Roman Empire under the Latin name ''Vienna''.

Vienne was the capital of the Allobroges, a Gallic people, before its conquest by the Romans. Transformed into a Roman colony in 47 BC under Julius Caesar, it became a major urban centre, ideally located along the Rhône, then a major axis of communication. Emperor Augustus banished Herod the Great's son, the ethnarch Herod Archelaus to Vienne in 6 AD.<ref>{{cite book|author=Flavius Josephus|title=Antiquities of the Jews|chapter=Book 17|chapter-url= https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0146%3Abook%3D17%3Asection%3D332|access-date=4 April 2020}}</ref>

As Vienne was a Roman provincial capital, remains of Roman constructions are still widespread across it. The city was also an important early bishopric in Christian Gaul. Its most famous bishop was Avitus of Vienne. At the Council of Vienne, which was convened there in October 1311, Pope Clement V abolished the order of the Knights Templar. During the Middle Ages, Vienne was part of the Kingdom of Provence, part of the Holy Roman Empire; on the opposite bank of the Rhône was Kingdom of France, which made the city strategically important.<ref name="eb">{{EB1911|inline=y|wstitle=Vienne (town)|display=Vienne|volume=28|page=56|first=William Augustus Brevoort|last=Coolidge|author-link=W. A. B. Coolidge}}</ref>

The town is now a regional commercial and industrial centre, known regionally for its Saturday market. A Roman temple, circus pyramid and theatre (where the annual Jazz à Vienne is held), as well as museums (archaeological, textile industry) and notable Catholic buildings, make tourism an important part of the town's economy.

==History== ===Roman Vienne=== The ''oppidum'' of the Allobroges became a Roman colony about 47 BC under Julius Caesar, but the Allobroges managed to expel the Romans; the exiles then founded the colony of ''Lugdunum'' (today's Lyon).<ref name=eb /> Herod Archelaus, the Ethnarch of Judea, was exiled here in 6 AD.<ref>Josephus, ''Wars of the Jews'' (book 2, chapter 7, verse 3).</ref> During the early Empire, ''Vienna'' (as the Romans called it—not to be confused with today's Vienna, then known as Vindobona) regained all its former privileges as a Roman colony. In 260 Postumus was proclaimed Emperor here of a short-lived Gallo-Roman Empire. Later it became a provincial capital of the Dioecesis Viennensis.

Vienne became the seat of the vicar of prefects after the creation of regional dioceses, of which the date is still controversial. Regional dioceses were created during the First Tetrarchy, 293–305, or possibly later as some recent studies suggest in 313, but no later than the Verona List, which is securely dated to June 314.<ref>Constantin Zuckerman, 'Sur la liste de Vérone et la province de Grande Arménie, la division de l'empire et la date de création des diocèses', 2002 ''Travaux et Mémoires'' 12: Mélanges Gilbert Dagron, pp. 618–637 argues for a decision to create diocese by Constantine and Licinius at the meeting in Milan in February 313; since 1980 several scholars have suggested later dates (303, 305, 306, 313/14) than the traditional date of 297 set by Theodor Mommsen in the late 19th century</ref>

On the bank of the Gère are traces of the ramparts of the old Roman city, and on Mont Pipet (east of the town) are the remains of a Roman theatre, while the thirteenth-century castle built on Mont Salomon on the orders of Archbishop {{ill|Jean de Bernin|fr}} is said to have been built on the site of a former Roman fort.<ref>{{Cite web|website=museedupatrimoine.fr |url=https://museedupatrimoine.fr/chateau-de-la-batie-a-vienne-isere/3077.html |title=Château de la Bâtie à Vienne dans l'Isère |access-date=19 Aug 2023 }}</ref> Several ancient aqueducts remain in the Gère valley and parts of Roman roads are preserved (in particular in the city park).

Two important Roman monuments still stand at Vienne. One is the Early Imperial Temple of Augustus and Livia, a rectangular peripteral building of the Corinthian order, erected by the emperor Claudius, which owes its survival, like the Maison Carrée at Nîmes, to being converted to a church soon after the Theodosian decrees and later rededicated as "Notre Dame de Vie". During the Revolutionary Reign of Terror it was used for the local Festival of Reason. The other is the ''Plan de l'Aiguille'', a truncated pyramid resting on a portico with four arches, from the Roman circus. Legends from the 13th century mention Pontius Pilate's death in Vienne. Later legends held that the pyramid was either the tomb of Herod Archelaus or of Pontius Pilate.<ref name="Berlioz">{{cite journal|author=Jacques Berlioz|title=Crochet de fer et puits à tempêtes: La légende de Ponce Pilate à Vienne (Isère) et au mont Pilat au XIIIe siècle|date=1990|journal=Le Monde Alpin et Rhodanien|volume=18|issue=1|pages=85–104|doi=10.3406/mar.1990.1436|language=fr|url=https://www.persee.fr/doc/mar_0758-4431_1990_num_18_1_1436#mar_0758-4431_1990_num_18_1_T1_0089_0000}}</ref>

The vestiges of a temple to Cybèle were discovered in 1945 when a new hospital was built on Mount Salomon and the Ancien Hôpital in the center of town was torn down. Subsequent archaeological research conducted in 1965 permitted detailed reconstruction of the floor plan for the temple as well as the surrounding forum and established that the temple was constructed in the first century AD.<ref>{{cite journal| jstor = 41005435| author = André Pelletier| journal = Revue Archéologique| number = 1| pages = 113–150| publisher = Presses Universitaires de France| title = Les fouilles du "temple de cybèle" à Vienne (Isère) rapport provisoire| year = 1966| language = fr}}</ref>

===Christian Vienne=== {{main|Archbishopric of Vienne}} thumb|upright|Léonard Périer, ''Virgin and Child'', colossal statue overlooking Vienne from the Pipet hill The provincial capital was an important early seat of a bishop and the legendary first bishop is said to have been Crescens, a disciple of Paul. There were Christians here in 177 when the churches of Vienne and Lyon addressed a letter to those of Asia and Phrygia, and mention is made of Sanctus, a deacon of Vienne (Eusebius of Caesarea, ''Church History'').<ref>Eusebius, [https://sourcebooks.fordham.edu/source/177-lyonsmartyrs.asp Medieval Sourcebook: The Persecution & Martyrdoms of Lyons In 177 A.D. – The Letter of the Churchs of Vienna and Lyons to the Churches of Asia and Phrygia including the story of the Blessed Blandina], Fordham University, accessed 29 January 2023</ref> The first historical bishop was Verus, who was present at the Council of Arles (314). About 450, Vienne's bishops became archbishops, several of whom played an important cultural role, e.g. Mamertus, who established Rogation pilgrimages, and the poet, Avitus (498–518). Vienne's archbishops and those of Lyon disputed the title of "Primate of All the Gauls" based on the dates of founding of the cities compared to the dates of founding of the bishoprics.<ref name="eb" /> Vienne's archbishopric was suppressed in 1790,<ref name="eb" /> during the French Revolution and officially terminated 11 years later by the Concordat of 1801.

===Burgundian Vienne=== Vienne was a target during the Migration Period: it was taken by the Burgundians in 438, but re-taken by the Romans and held until 461, when it was incorporated again into the Kingdom of the Burgundians. In 534, the Franks captured Vienne, and annexed it into the Merovingian state. It was sacked by the Lombards in 558, and later by the Moors in 737.<ref name="eb" /> When Carolingian Empire was divided into three parts by the Treaty of Verdun (843), Vienne became part of Middle Francia. Under the Treaty of Prüm (855), it became part of the Burgundian realm of Charles of Provence (d. 863).

King Charles II the Bald assigned the Viennois district in 869 to Comte Boso of Provence, who in 879 proclaimed himself king of Provence and on his death in 887 was buried at Vienne in the cathedral church of St. Maurice.<ref name="eb" /> Vienne then continued as capital of the Kingdom of Provence, and from 933 of the Kingdom of Burgundy until 1032, when the region was incorporated into the Holy Roman Empire.

The temporal rule over the city was exercised by the archbishops of Vienne. Their rights were repeatedly recognized, but they had various local rivals, mainly in the counts of Albon, who were styled as "dauphins of Viennois", since they held much of the region of Viennois, but did not hold power over the city itself. In 1349, dauphin Humbert II sold his domains in Dauphiné to the french king Philip VI, but the archbishop stood firm and the city of Vienne was not included in this sale, remaining under the archiepiscopal rule until the middle of the 15th century, when it was finally incorporated into Dauphiné.{{sfn|Kibler|Zinn|2016|p=52, 289-290, 420, 954}}

Gui de Bourgogne, who was archbishop from 1090 to 1119, was elected pope in 1119 and served as Callixtus II until his death in 1124.<ref name="eb" />

Jean de Bernin drew up a municipal charter (''charte des franchises'') for Vienne around 1225 (including provisions for a town council). Nevertheless, it was only in the fifteenth century that the coat of arms (Vienna civitas sancta) with an elm tree is attested (based on a tree uprooted around 1430 from near Saint-André-le-bas).{{sfn|Cavard|1976|p=13–17}}

The Council of Vienne was the fifteenth Ecumenical Council of the Roman Catholic Church that met between 1311 and 1312 in Vienne. Its principal act was to withdraw papal support for the Knights Templar<ref name="eb" /> on the instigation of Philip IV of France.

The archbishops gave up their territorial powers over Vienne to the Dauphin of Viennois in 1448-1450.{{sfn|Kibler|Zinn|2016|p=954}}

===Reformation and Renaissance=== [[File:Michel Servet printemps.jpg|thumb|Joseph Bernard's statue of Michael Servetus in the city park]]

Between 1482 and 1527, French kings appointed four Italians as archbishop of Vienne in succession, beginning with {{ill|Angelo Cato|fr|Angelo Catho de Supino}}, a doctor and astrologer. The last of these, Scaramuccia Trivulzio, died in Rome before he could take possession of the archbishopric, which allowed for the confirmation of {{ill|Pierre Palmier|fr}}, elected by the canons of Saint-Maurice in an act of resistance to the royal practice of appointing foreign prelates.{{sfn|Cavard|1950|p=19–20}} At this time, there was no shortage of priests:{{sfn|Cavard|1950|p=21}} a 1551 consular document indicated that over 5000 masses were celebrated each year in Vienne.{{sfn|Cavard|1950|p=24}}

As a result of a 1540 printers' strike in Lyon, Michael Servetus' publisher moved to Vienne,{{sfn|Cavard|1953|p=17}} where Pierre Palmier had invited his former teacher to come live.{{sfn|Cavard|1953|p=15}} From 1541, Servetus worked as a doctor in the town, where he was known as Michel de Villeneuve, but also participated in decisions related to town infrastructure (rebuilding the Saint-Sévère bridge over the Gère after the 13 October 1544 flood).{{sfn|Cavard|1953|p=31–34}} In January 1553 his ''Christianismi Restitutio''{{efn-lg|The title of the book deliberately echoes Calvin's ''Institutio Christianae Religionis.''}} was published anonymously in Vienne in a clandestine workshop, after being refused by a publisher in Basel.{{sfn|Cavard|1953|p=46–48}} Jean Frellon, a Lyon bookseller, sent a copy to the theologian John Calvin,{{sfn|Cavard|1953|p=59}} because Servetus had included his correspondence with Calvin in the book.{{sfn|Cavard|1953|p=56–58}} Calvin, who viewed Servetus as a delirious braggart, insinuated dire consequences should Servetus come to Geneva.{{efn-lg|Writing to William Farel of Servetus' "Thrasonic bravado" in 1546, and of the latter's announced plan to visit him in Geneva, Calvin said that as long as his voice carried weight in Geneva, should Servetus come, he would never return home alive{{sfn|Cavard|1953|p=81}} —a wish that came to be fulfilled seven years later.}} In the book, Servetus was also critical of the Pope and the Roman church, particularly of the doctrine of the Trinity and of child baptism. By order of Cardinal François de Tournon and Archbishop Palmier, he was arrested on 5 April 1553.{{sfn|Cavard|1953|p=112–113}} Questioned for the next two days by the inquisitor Matthieu Ory, among others, he denied that he was Servetus, saying he had usurped the name for his correspondence with Calvin.{{sfn|Cavard|1953|p=127}} On the morning of the third day, he managed to escape from the prison due to the special privileges accorded him by the bailliff.{{sfn|Cavard|1953|p=131–139}} Ory recommended that he be found guilty of heresy, which was done on 17 June, when he was condemned to be burned at the stake, along with his books, in a then-undeveloped area of the Saint-Martin neighbourhood.{{sfn|Cavard|1953|p=142–143}}

Vienne was sacked in 1562 by the Protestants under the baron des Adrets, and was held by the Catholic League from 1590 until 1595, when it was taken in the name of King Henry IV by Henri de Montmorency. The fortifications were demolished between 1589 and 1636.<ref name="eb" /> The Hôtel de Ville was commissioned as a private residence in the late 17th century.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://agorha.inha.fr/ark:/54721/9df263f9-814b-4114-ac15-23747adb4c7a?database=58 |last=Barat|first=Lise|title=L'analyse d'un décor de la fin du XVIIe siècle à l'hôtel de Rachais, aujourd'hui hôtel de ville, Vienne, Isère|publisher=Lyon II|year=2003|access-date=5 January 2025}}</ref>

===Industrial era=== [[File:Espace_Saint-Germain_à_Vienne_(Le_Manège).jpg|thumb|On the right, the manège (1886) of the former cavalry regiment in the Saint-Germain neighbourhood, now a concert hall]]

Train stations were built in Vienne in 1855 and in Estressin in 1875 providing freight transport to the textile and metallurgy industries, which took advantage of the water power in the Gère valley.<ref>{{cite web|language=fr|url=https://vpah-auvergne-rhone-alpes.fr/ressource/quartier-d%E2%80%99estressin-vienne|title=Quartier d'Estressin, Vienne|website=Art et Histoire en Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes|access-date=5 April 2020}}</ref>

In 1875, the State signed a contract with Vienne for the establishment of a cavalry regiment, necessitating the construction of a barracks from 1882 to 1886 in what became known as the Quartier Saint-Germain in 1887. When the last military regiment was disbanded in 1990, the former barracks was transformed into a business center, with some of the buildings conserved, such as the riding academy, which became a concert hall in 2018.<ref>{{cite web |website=Musée du patrimoine militaire de Lyon et sa région |url=https://museemilitairelyon.com/2021/10/05/le-garnison-de-vienne/ |title=La Garnison de Vienne |author=Caporal345 |date=2011-10-05}}</ref>

==Population==

{{Historical populations | align = none | cols = 2 | percentages = pagr | source = EHESS<ref name=ehess>{{Cassini-Ehess|39839|Vienne}}</ref> and INSEE (1968–2023)<ref name=pophist>[https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/8643952?geo=COM-38544#tableau-POPREF_G1 Population municipale entre 1968 et 2023], INSEE</ref> | graph-pos = bottom |1793 |12035 |1800 |10362 |1806 |11188 |1821 |11273 |1831 |14079 |1836 |16484 |1841 |17587 |1846 |18610 |1851 |20753 |1856 |19698 |1861 |20708 |1866 |23605 |1872 |26017 |1876 |26502 |1881 |26060 |1886 |25480 |1891 |24817 |1896 |24977 |1901 |24619 |1906 |24887 |1911 |24711 |1921 |23732 |1926 |25092 |1931 |25648 |1936 |25436 |1946 |23519 |1954 |25669 |1962 |26977 |1968 |29057 |1975 |27830 |1982 |28294 |1990 |29449 |1999 |29975 |2007 |29844 |2012 |29077 |2017 |29306 |2023 |31778 }}

==Monuments== [[File:Marguerite et le temple.jpg|thumb|upright=1.32|The Roman temple (''Temple d'Auguste et de Livie'', Temple of Augustus and Livia) in Vienne]] The two outstanding Roman remains in Vienne are the temple of Augustus and Livia, and the ''Plan de l'Aiguille'' or ''Pyramide'', a truncated pyramid resting on a portico with four arches, which was associated with the city's Roman circus.

The early Romanesque church of Saint Peter belonged to an ancient Benedictine abbey and was rebuilt in the ninth century, with tall square piers and two ranges of windows in the tall aisles and a notable porch. It is one of France's oldest Christian buildings dating from the 5th century laid-out in the form of a basilica and having a large and well constructed nave. It also has a Romanesque tower and a sculptured South portal containing a statue of Saint Peter. Today, the building houses a lapidary museum that holds a Junon head and a statue of Tutela, the city's protective divinity.

The Gothic former cathedral of '''St Maurice''' was built between 1052 and 1533. It is a basilica, with three aisles and an apse, but no ambulatory or transepts. It is {{convert|315|ft|m}} in length, {{convert|118|ft|m}} wide and {{convert|89|ft|m}} in height. The most striking portion is the west front, which rises majestically from a terrace overhanging the Rhône. Its sculptural decoration was badly damaged by the Protestants in 1562 during the Wars of Religion.<ref name="eb" />

The Romanesque church of St André en Bas was the church of a second Benedictine monastery, and became the chapel of the earlier kings of Provence. It was rebuilt in 1152, in the later Romanesque style.<ref name="eb" />

The Monument aux Morts in front of the train station is the work of Claude Grange and was inaugurated on 9 September 1923 by Philippe Pétain.<ref>{{cite news|newspaper=Le Dauphiné Libéré |language=fr |author=Françoise Puissanton |title=Vienne. Le monument aux morts a 100 ans ce samedi 9 septembre |url=https://www.ledauphine.com/societe/2023/09/08/isere-vienne-le-monument-aux-morts-a-100-ans-ce-samedi-9-septembre |date=8 September 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|website=Plateforme ouverte du patrimoine |publisher=Culture Ministry |url=https://www.pop.culture.gouv.fr/notice/merimee/PA38000039 |title=Monument aux Morts |date=20 June 2019}}</ref>

==Gallery== <gallery> Place Pierre Semard.jpg|Claude Grange's ''Monument aux Morts'' in front of the Vienne train station Vienne-cavea-du-haut.jpg|Vienne's Roman theatre Notre Dame de Pipet.jpg|Pipet cemetery, Chemin des Aqueducs (D41), Notre Dame de Pipet 13e étape Tour de France 2022 à Vienne.ogg|the 13th stage of the 2022 Tour de France took the Chemin des Aqueducs into Vienne Hôtel_de_ville_de_Vienne_avec_sa_fontaine_classée.jpg|The Hôtel de Ville Gargoyles (Saint-André-le-bas, Vienne)_ii.jpg|16 of the Saint-André le Bas Abbey's chimerae VcVienneStAndréLeBas2.jpg|Saint-André le Bas Abbey courtyard Gère fisherman.jpg|The Gère River is a popular fishing spot. Jeu de paume bus hub.jpg|Jeu du paume square (bus hub) Vienne (avril 2009) 022.jpg|The Gallo-Roman Pyramid Pontius_Pilatus_angebl_Grabmal_Vienne_(IZ_48-1867_S_266_JResch).jpg|Legend of the pyramid as Pontius Pilate's tomb Watersports & Cruising in front of Notre-Dame de l'Isle.jpg|A river cruiser passing Notre Dame de l'Isle (South Vienne) The Rhone at Vienne + Saint-Colombe.jpg|The banks of the river Rhône, in central Vienne Rhône-Alpes (2009) 008.jpg|Château de la Batie on Mont Salomon towers over the Rhône and Estressin (north Vienne) with Collège Ponsard in the foreground Morning fog on the Rhone at Vienne.jpg|View from Mont Salomon with the Pilat massif in the background (Sainte-Colombe on the right, Vienne (south) on the right, the medieval castle in the foreground) Mont_Pipet..._in_the_summertime.jpg|Chapelle Notre-Dame-de-la-Salette de Pipet </gallery>

==Notable people== [[File:Saint Avit sculpture.JPG|thumb|140px|Sculpture of St. Avitus of Vienne]] *Herod Archelaus (23 BC–c. 18 AD), ethnarch *Pontius Pilate (according to legend)<ref name="Berlioz"/> *Avitus of Vienne (450–c. 578), poet, bishop of Vienne, and saint *Saint Clair du Dauphiné (c. 590–660) *Boso of Provence, (c. 841–887), Carolingian king of Provence<ref>{{cite book|chapter=Jugement moral et propagande: Boson de Vienne vu par les élites du royaume de l'Est|title=La royauté et les élites dans l'Europe carolingienne (du début du IX^e aux environs de 920)|editor=Régine Le Jen |author=Franz Staab |author-link=Franz Staab |series=Histoire et littérature du Septentrion (IRHiS)|publisher=L'institut de recherches historiques du Septentrion|language=fr|date=1998|pages=365–382|isbn=9782905637994|chapter-url=https://books.openedition.org/irhis/2582}}</ref> *Pope Callixtus II (1065–1124), Archbishop of Vienne from 1088, Pope from 1119 *Michael Servetus (1509–1553), savant, burned as a heretic *Nicolas Chorier (1612–1692), lawyer, historian, author *Jean-François Leriget de La Faye (1674–1731), diplomat, wealthy landowner, art collector, and poet *{{ill|Pierre Schneyder|fr||de}} (1733–1814), archeologist, artist, curator<ref>{{cite book | language=fr | title=Revue de Vienne: esquisses morales, littéraires, statistiques et industrielles | volume=1 | location=Vienne | year=1837 | pages = 11–14 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ns1WAAAAMAAJ&pg=PAPA11 }}</ref> *Jean-Baptiste-Charles Chabroud (1750–1816), lawyer and politician *Laurent Mourguet (1769–1884), puppeteer *François Ponsard (1814–1867), dramatist, poet, and author<ref>{{Cite EB1911|wstitle= Ponsard, François |volume= 22 | page = 62 |short= 1}}</ref> *Joseph Martin (explorer) (1848–1892), geologist, topographer, and explorer of Eastern Siberia *Louis Vialleton (1859–1929), zoologist and writer *Fernand Point (1897–1955), chef *Christophe Pourny (born 1962), antique restorer, and conservator

==Twin towns – sister cities== {{See also|List of twin towns and sister cities in France}} Vienne is twinned with:<ref>{{cite web |title=Jumelage|url=https://www.coei-vienne.fr/jumelage/|website=coei-vienne.fr|publisher=Comité d'Organisation d'Echanges Internationaux de la ville de Vienne|language=fr|access-date=2021-04-12}}</ref> {{div col|colwidth=23em}} *Albacete, Spain *Esslingen am Neckar, Germany *Greenwich, Connecticut, United States *Goris, Armenia *Neath Port Talbot, Wales, United Kingdom *Piotrków Trybunalski, Poland *Schiedam, Netherlands *Udine, Italy *Velenje, Slovenia {{div col end}}

==Climate==

{{Weather box|width=auto |metric first=y |single line=y |collapsed = Y |location = Vienne, Isère (Reventin-Vaugris), elevation {{convert|295|m|ft|abbr=on}}, (2004–2020 normals, extremes 2004–present) |Jan record high C = 17.9 |Feb record high C = 21.2 |Mar record high C = 25.2 |Apr record high C = 28.7 |May record high C = 33.6 |Jun record high C = 38.3 |Jul record high C = 40.0 |Aug record high C = 41.2 |Sep record high C = 34.2 |Oct record high C = 29.4 |Nov record high C = 21.0 |Dec record high C = 18.2 |Jan record low C = -8.1 |Feb record low C = -11.8 |Mar record low C = -9.3 |Apr record low C = -3.3 |May record low C = 2.6 |Jun record low C = 6.0 |Jul record low C = 9.8 |Aug record low C = 9.0 |Sep record low C = 2.0 |Oct record low C = -2.0 |Nov record low C = -5.7 |Dec record low C = -11.1 |Jan high C = 6.7 |Feb high C = 8.6 |Mar high C = 13.4 |Apr high C = 18.1 |May high C = 21.4 |Jun high C = 26.2 |Jul high C = 28.8 |Aug high C = 27.7 |Sep high C = 23.5 |Oct high C = 17.8 |Nov high C = 11.2 |Dec high C = 7.1 | year high C = 17.5 |Jan mean C = 4.0 |Feb mean C = 4.9 |Mar mean C = 8.7 |Apr mean C = 12.7 |May mean C = 15.9 |Jun mean C = 20.3 |Jul mean C = 22.6 |Aug mean C = 21.7 |Sep mean C = 18.1 |Oct mean C = 13.7 |Nov mean C = 8.2 |Dec mean C = 4.4 | year mean C = 12.9 |Jan low C = 1.2 |Feb low C = 1.3 |Mar low C = 4.0 |Apr low C = 7.4 |May low C = 10.5 |Jun low C = 14.4 |Jul low C = 16.4 |Aug low C = 15.7 |Sep low C = 12.7 |Oct low C = 9.6 |Nov low C = 5.2 |Dec low C = 1.8 | year low C = 8.3 |precipitation colour = green |Jan precipitation mm = 51.7 |Feb precipitation mm = 44.7 |Mar precipitation mm = 46.4 |Apr precipitation mm = 64.8 |May precipitation mm = 76.9 |Jun precipitation mm = 59.8 |Jul precipitation mm = 62.6 |Aug precipitation mm = 66.7 |Sep precipitation mm = 62.4 |Oct precipitation mm = 94.5 |Nov precipitation mm = 91.3 |Dec precipitation mm = 53.9 |year precipitation mm = 775.7 |unit precipitation days = 1.0 mm | Jan precipitation days = 8.4 | Feb precipitation days = 7.4 | Mar precipitation days = 8.8 | Apr precipitation days = 7.3 | May precipitation days = 9.5 | Jun precipitation days = 8.0 | Jul precipitation days = 6.9 | Aug precipitation days = 6.9 | Sep precipitation days = 6.1 | Oct precipitation days = 7.9 | Nov precipitation days = 8.6 | Dec precipitation days = 8.9 | year precipitation days =94.7 |source 1 = Meteociel<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.meteociel.fr/obs/clim/normales_records.php?code=38336001 |title=Normales et records pour Reventin (38) |publisher=Meteociel |access-date=14 December 2024}}</ref>}}

==Notes== {{notelist-lg}}

==References== {{Reflist|2}}

==Bibliography== {{refbegin|2}} *{{Cite book |title=La Réforme et les guerres de religions à Vienne |trans-title=The Reformation and the Wars of Religion in Vienne |first=Pierre |last=Cavard |publisher=Blanchard frères |location=Vienne |date=1950 |language=fr}} *{{Cite book |title=Le Procès de Michel Servet à Vienne |trans-title=The Trial of Michaelus Servetus in Vienne |first=Pierre |last=Cavard |publisher=Blanchard frères |location=Vienne |date=1953 |language=fr }} *{{cite book |last=Cavard |first=Pierre |title=Vienne la sainte |trans-title=Vienne the Holy |date=1976 |publisher=Blanchard frères |location=Vienne |language=fr |url=https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k3345730h }} * {{Cite book|editor-last1=Kibler|editor-first1=William W.|editor-last2=Zinn|editor-first2=Grover A.|title=Medieval France: An Encyclopedia|year=2016|orig-year=1995|location=New York and London|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-351-66566-7 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XEQrDwAAQBAJ&pg=PR1}} {{refend}}

==External links== * [https://www.livius.org/articles/place/vienna-vienne/ Livius.org: Roman Vienne] – historical information and pictures * [http://www.vienne.fr/ Official website] (in French)

{{Commons category|Vienne (Isère)}} {{Isère communes}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Vienne, Isere}} Category:Vienne, Isère Category:47 BC Category:40s BC establishments Category:Populated places established in the 1st century BC Category:1st-century BC establishments in the Roman Republic Category:Communes of Isère Category:Subprefectures in France Category:Allobroges Category:Dauphiné Category:Populated places on the Rhône Category:Populated riverside places in France Category:Roman towns and cities in France