{{short description|French zoologist and writer}} '''Louis Marius Vialleton''' (December 22, 1859 - December 18, 1929) was a French zoologist and writer, best known for his advocation of non-Darwinian evolution.
==Career==
Vialleton was born in Vienne, Isère. He was the first professor of histology in the faculty of medicine at the University of Montpellier.<ref name="Lavabre-Bertrand">Lavabre-Bertrand T. (2015). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26043467 ''Louis Vialleton (1859-1929) was the first Professor of Histology in the Faculty of medicine of Montpellier'']. Rev Hist Pharm (Paris) 62 (385): 109-123.</ref> Vialleton rejected any form of continuous evolution and favoured saltationism.<ref>Bowler, Peter J. (2001). ''Reconciling Science and Religion: The Debate in Early-Twentieth-Century Britain''. University of Chicago Press. p. 396 {{ISBN|0-226-06858-7}}</ref>
Vialleton attempted to refute gradual transformism from a morphological perspective in his work ''Morphologie générale Membres et ceintures des vertébrés tétrapodes: Critique morphotogique du transformisme'' (1924).<ref name="Engels">Engels, Eve-Marie; Glick, Thomas F. (2008). ''The Reception of Charles Darwin in Europe, Volume 1''. Continuum. pp. 341-242. {{ISBN|978-0-8264-5833-9}}</ref> Zoologist Étienne Rabaud responded with a critical article.<ref name="Engels"/><ref>Rabaud, Étienne. (1924) 'Transformisme et morphologie', Bulletin biologique de la France et de la Belgique 58: 321-329.</ref>
He contributed the chapter ''Morphologie et transformisme'' to the book ''Le Transformisme'' (1927). Vialleton's views were often misrepresented by creationists as anti-evolutionary. His writings were influential to creationists such as Douglas Dewar.<ref>Numbers, Ronald L. (2006). ''The Creationists: From Scientific Creationism to Intelligent Design''. Harvard University Press. p. 146. {{ISBN|0-674-02339-0}}</ref> However, he did not reject evolution.<ref>Lustig, Abigail; Richards, Robert J.; Ruse, Michael. (2004). ''Darwinian Heresies''. Cambridge University Press. p. 85. {{ISBN|0-521-81516-9}}</ref> He was also incorrectly described as a critic of evolution by A. Morley Davies.<ref>Davies, Morley A. (1937). [https://archive.org/stream/in.ernet.dli.2015.175916/2015.175916.Evolution-And-Its-Modern-Critics#page/n1 ''Evolution And Its Modern Critics'']. London: Thomas Murby & Co.</ref>
Vialleton was a vitalist.<ref name="Lavabre-Bertrand"/><ref>Normandin, Sebastian; Wolfe, Charles T. (2013). ''Vitalism and the Scientific Image in Post-Enlightenment Life Science, 1800-2010''. p. 247. Springer. {{ISBN|978-9400724440}}</ref>
==Publications==
*''Un monstre double humain du genre Ectopage'' (1892) *''Un Problème de l'Évolution: La Théorie de la Récapitulation des Formes Ancestrales au Cours du Développement Embryonnaire (Loi Biogénétique Fondamentale de Haeckel)'' (1908)<ref>Minot, Charles S. (1908). [https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=umn.31951d003200442;view=1up;seq=136;size=150 ''Un Problème de l'Évolution'']. ''Science'' 28: 122-123.</ref> *''Éléments de Morphologie des Vertébrés Anatomie et Embryologie Comparées, Paléontologie et Classification'' (1911)<ref>{{Cite journal | doi=10.1038/087412a0| title=Éléments de Morphologie des Vertébrés Anatomie et Embryologie Comparées, Paléontologie et Classification| journal=Nature| volume=87| issue=2187| pages=412–413| year=1911| bibcode=1911Natur..87..412.|hdl = 2027/uc1.b2939427| hdl-access=free}}</ref> *''Membres et ceintures des Vertébrés Tétrapodes: Critique morphologique du transformisme'' (1924) *''Morphologie générale Membres et ceintures des vertébrés tétrapodes: Critique morphotogique du transformisme'' (1924)<ref>{{Cite journal | doi=10.1038/114928a0| title=Morphologie générale Membres et ceintures des vertébrés tétrapodes: Critique morphotogique du transformisme| journal=Nature| volume=114| issue=2878| pages=928| year=1924| doi-access=free| bibcode=1924Natur.114Q.928.}}</ref><ref>L. Guinet. (1924). [https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/abs/10.1086/358259?journalCode=isis ''Morphologie generale; Membres et ceintures des vertebres tetrapodes; Critique morphologique du transformisme. Vialleton, Louis'']. ''Isis'' 6 (3): 435-437.</ref> *''Le Transformisme'' (1927) [with Élie Gagnebin, Lucien Cuénot, William Robin Thompson, Roland Dalbiez] *''L'origine Des Etres Vivants, L'illusion Transformiste'' (1929)
==See also==
==References== {{Reflist}}
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Vialleton, Louis}} Category:1859 births Category:1929 deaths Category:French zoologists Category:Non-Darwinian evolution Category:Writers from Vienne, Isère Category:University of Montpellier alumni Category:Vitalists