Timeline of Bursa

The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Bursa, Turkey.

Prior to 14th century

• 183 BCE – Prusa founded by Prusias I of Bithynia.^[1]
• 76 BCE – Bithynia becomes part of Roman Empire.^[1]
• 730 CE – Hagios Stephanos (church) built.
• 947 CE – City besieged by forces of Sayf al-Dawla of Aleppo.^[2]
• 1097 – Seljuqs in power (approximate date).^[3]
• 1204
  • City besieged by French forces led by Pierre de Bracheux and Payen d'Orleans.^[4]
  • City becomes part of the Nicaean Empire.^[5]

14th–18th centuries

• 1326 – Siege of Bursa; city becomes capital of Ottoman Empire.^[2]
• 1331 – Traveller Ibn Battuta visits city.^[3]
• 1335 – Alaeddin Bey Mosque built.^[6]
• 1339 – Orhan Camii (mosque) built.^[1]
• 1385 - Hüdavendigar Mosque completed.
• 1395 – Bayezid I Mosque built in Yıldırım.^[7]
• 1399 – Ulu Cami (mosque) built.
• 1402 – City besieged by Timurids.^[2]
• 1413 – City besieged by Karaman forces.^[1]
• 1421
  • Yesil Mosque and Yesil Türbe (mausoleum) built.
  • Green Mosque, Bursa built.
• 1424 – Madrasa built.^[3]
• 1426 – Muradiye Complex built.
• 1442 – Irgandi Bridge built near city.^[8]
• 1453 – Capital of Ottoman Empire relocates from Bursa to Istanbul.^[3]
• 1487 – Population: 40,000.^[9]
• 1490 – Koza Han (caravansary) built.^[3]
• 16th C. – Mayor Synagogue (Bursa) built (approximate date).
• 1512 – Ala ed-Din in power.^[2]
• 1552 – Yeni Kaplica (bath) built.^[3]
• 1607 – City besieged by Kalenderogli.^[2]
• 1674 – Inebey Madrasa built in Tahtakale.^[6]

19th century

• 1801 – Fire.^[10]
• 1802 – Fire.^[10]
• 1804 – Emir Sultan Mosque rebuilt.
• 1814 – Sultan Abdülmecid visits city.^[5]
• 1823 – Population: 60,000 (approximate).^[11]
• 1845 – Isiklar Military High School established.^[3]
• 1852 – Brotte hotel in business.^[12]
• 1855 – 28 February: Earthquake.
• 1864 – Gumuslu Kumbet (Silvered Tomb) rebuilt.^[13]
• 1869
  • Hamidiye Technical School opens.^[14]
  • Bursa newspaper begins publication.^[15]
• 1875 – Orphanage founded.^[10]
• 1879 – Ahmet Vefik Pasha Theater built.^[3]
• 1883 – Egyptians in power.^[2]
• 1891 – Mudania-Bursa railway begins operating.^[16]

20th century

• 1902
  • Bursa Archaeological Museum established.
  • The export of silk in 1902 valued at £620,000.^[2]
• 1904 - Bursa Museum of Turkish and Islamic Art established.
• 1910 – Population: 75,000.^[2]
• 1920 – City taken by Greek forces.^[3]
• 1923 – City becomes part of the newly formed Republic of Turkey.
• 1929 - Bursa Museum of Turkish and Islamic Art relocated.
• 1932 – Tayyare theatre opens.^[17]
• 1944 – Military airport established.
• 1945 – Ant newspaper begins publication.^[15]
• 1949 – Ormancı gazetesi newspaper begins publication.^[15]
• 1950
  • Hakimiyet milletindir newspaper begins publication.^[15]
  • Population: 103,812.^[18]
• 1951 – İşçi sesi newspaper begins publication.^[15]
• 1952 – Gece postası newspaper begins publication.^[15]
• 1953 – Milletyolu newspaper begins publication (approximate date).^[15]
• 1962 – International Bursa Festival begins.^[19]
• 1963 – Bursaspor football club formed.
• 1970 – Maarif Koleji (Education College) established.
• 1972 – Archaeological Museum of Bursa opens.^[20]
• 1973
  • Atatürk Museum established.^[20]
  • Population: 318,209 city; 426,567 urban agglomeration (approximate).^[21]
• 1974 – Tofaş Sports Club formed.
• 1975
  • Bursa University established.
  • Turkish and Islamic Works Museum established in the Yesil complex.^[20]
• 1979 – Bursa Atatürk Stadium opens.
• 1984 – Population: 535,500 (estimate).^[22]
• 1989 - Bursa Forestry Museum opened.
• 1996 – Population: 1,211,688.^[23]
• 1998
  • Bursa State Symphony Orchestra founded.
  • Bursa International Fair Building constructed.^[6]
• 2000
  • Yenisehir Airport begins operating civilian flights.^{[citation needed]}
  • Borçelik headquarters building constructed.^[6]

21st century

• 2002
  • Bursaray metro transit begins operating.
  • Bursa Book Fair begins (approximate date).^[24]
• 2008 – Wholesale Grocer and Fish Market, and Merinos Cultural Centre built.^[6]
• 2010 – Bursa Technical University established.
• 2011
  • Bursa Orhangazi University established.
  • Population: 1,704,441.
• 2012 - Bursa Energy Museum established.
• 2016 – 2016 Bursa bombing
• 2017 - Population: 2,936,803 (estimate, urban agglomeration).^[25]

See also

• Timelines of other cities in Turkey: Ankara, Istanbul, Izmir

References

1. ^ Broadrup 1995.
2. ^ Britannica 1910.
3. ^ Stanley 2008.
4. ^ Black 1910.
5. ^ "About Bursa: History". Bursa: Uludağ University. Archived from the original on 4 February 2013. Retrieved 5 February 2013.
6. ^ ArchNet. "Bursa". Archived from the original on 9 October 2012.
7. ^ Grove 2009.
8. ^ "Bursa". Islamic Cultural Heritage Database. Istanbul: Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Research Centre for Islamic History, Art and Culture. Archived from the original on 16 May 2013.
9. ^ Faroqhi 2008.
10. ^ Murray 1907.
11. ^ Morse 1823.
12. ^ Cuinet 1894.
13. ^ Kuran 1996.
14. ^ "City Guide: Bursa". Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism. Retrieved 5 February 2013.
15. ^ "Global Resources Network". Chicago, USA: Center for Research Libraries. Retrieved 5 February 2013.
16. ^ Diplomatic and Consular Reports: Turkey. Great Britain, Foreign Office. 1892.
17. ^ "About Bursa: Culture". Bursa: Uludağ University. Archived from the original on 4 February 2013. Retrieved 5 February 2013.
18. ^ "Population of capital city and cities of 100,000 or more inhabitants". Demographic Yearbook 1955. New York: Statistical Office of the United Nations
19. ^ "International Bursa Festival". Gent, Belgium: European Festivals Association. Archived from the original on 19 January 2013. Retrieved 5 February 2013.
20. ^ "About Bursa: Museums". Bursa: Uludağ University. Archived from the original on 4 February 2013. Retrieved 5 February 2013.
21. ^ United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Statistical Office (1976). "Population of capital city and cities of 100,000 and more inhabitants". Demographic Yearbook 1975. New York. pp. 253–279.
22. ^ United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Statistical Office (1987). "Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 and more inhabitants". 1985 Demographic Yearbook. New York. pp. 247–289.
23. ^ "Census", October 1996
24. ^ "7th edition of Bursa Book Fair opens at weekend". Hürriyet Daily News. 28 February 2009.
25. ^ "Table 8 - Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 or more inhabitants", "Demographic Yearbook – 2018", United Nations

This article incorporates information from the German Wikipedia and Turkish Wikipedia.

Bibliography

Published in 19th century

• William Hunter (1803), "(Brusa)", "Travels through France, Turkey, and Hungary, to Vienna, in 1792", 3rd ed., London: J. White, OCLC 10321359
• Jedidiah Morse & Richard C. Morse (1823), "Bursa", "A New Universal Gazetteer", 4th ed., New Haven: S. Converse
• John Fuller (1830), "(Brusa)", "Narrative of a Tour Through Some Parts of the Turkish Empire", John Murray, OCLC 15470157
• John Macgregor (1844). "Trade of Brussa". Commercial Statistics. London: C. Knight and Co.
• George Henry Townsend (1867), "Brusa", "A Manual of Dates", 2nd ed., London: Frederick Warne & Co.
• J.T. Bent (1889). "On the Slopes of Olympus". Gentleman's Magazine
• Vital Cuinet (1894). Vilayet de Brousse (in French). La Turquie d'Asie. Paris: Ernest Leroux.

Published in 20th century

• "Brusa". Guide to Greece, the Archipelago, Constantinople, the Coasts of Asia Minor. London: Macmillan and Co. 1907.
• "Brusa", "Handbook for Travellers in Constantinople, Brusa, and the Troad", London: J. Murray, 1907 (+ 1854 ed.)
• Demetrius Coufopoulos (1910), "Brusa", "Guide to Constantinople", 4th ed., London: Adam and Charles Black
• Vol. 4. 1910. p. 691.
• H. Gerber (1976), "Guilds in Seventeenth Century Bursa", Asian and African Studies
• Murat Çịzakça (1980). "A Short History of the Bursa Silk Industry (1500–1900)". Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient. 23
• Haim Gerber (1980). "Social and Economic Position of Women in an Ottoman City, Bursa, 1600–1700". International Journal of Middle East Studies. 12
• Halil Sahillioğlu (1985). "Slaves in the social and economic life of Bursa in the late 15th and early 16th centuries". Turcica
• Haim Gerber (1988). Economy and Society in an Ottoman City: Bursa, 1600–1700. Jerusalem: Hebrew University.
• "Turkey: Bursa", "Middle East", Lonely Planet, 1994, p. 633+
• E. Broadrup (1995). "Bursa, Turkey". International Dictionary of Historic Places. Chicago: Fitzroy Dearborn. p. 105.
• Aptullah Kuran (1996). "A Spatial Study of Three Ottoman Capitals: Bursa, Edirne, and Istanbul". Muqarnas. 13
• "Northwestern Turkey: Bursa". Greece & Turkey. Let's Go. 1996. p. 453+. ISBN 9780312135447.

Published in 21st century

• Suraiya Faroqhi (2008). "At the Ottoman Empire's Industrious Core: the Story of Bursa". The City in the Islamic World. Leiden: Koninklijke Brill. p. 357+.
• Bruce E. Stanley & Michael R.T. Dumper (eds.) (2008), "Bursa", "Cities of the Middle East and North Africa", Santa Barbara, USA: ABC-CLIO, p. 100
• Gabor Agoston & Bruce Alan Masters (2009). "Bursa". Encyclopedia of the Ottoman Empire. Facts on File. ISBN 978-1-4381-1025-7.
• "Bursa". Grove Encyclopedia of Islamic Art & Architecture. Oxford University Press. 2009. p. 317.

External links

• Europeana. Items related to Bursa, various dates.
• "Bursa". Silk Road Seattle. USA: Walter Chapin Simpson Center for the Humanities, University of Washington.