{{Short description|Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens}} {{Infobox_gene}} '''Golgi reassembly-stacking protein 1''' ('''GORASP1''') also known as '''Golgi reassembly-stacking protein of 65 kDa''' ('''GRASP65''') is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''GORASP1'' gene.<ref name="entrez">{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: GORASP1 golgi reassembly stacking protein 1, 65kDa | url = https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=64689 }}</ref>
== Function == [[File:GRASP65antic.jpg|thumb|left|300px|Microinjection of antibodies to GORASP1 prevents normal Golgi stack formation.<ref name="GruenbergWang2008">{{cite journal | vauthors = Wang Y, Wei JH, Bisel B, Tang D, Seemann J | title = Golgi cisternal unstacking stimulates COPI vesicle budding and protein transport | journal = PLOS ONE | volume = 3 | issue = 2 | article-number = e1647 | date = February 2008 | pmid = 18297130 | pmc = 2249924 | doi = 10.1371/journal.pone.0001647| bibcode = 2008PLoSO...3.1647W | doi-access = free }}</ref>]]
The Golgi complex plays a key role in the sorting and modification of proteins exported from the endoplasmic reticulum. The GORASP1 protein is a peripheral membrane protein anchored to the lipid bilayer through myristoylation of a glycine residue near the protein's amino terminus.<ref name="Hu_2015">{{cite journal | vauthors = Hu F, Shi X, Li B, Huang X, Morelli X, Shi N | title = Structural basis for the interaction between the Golgi reassembly-stacking protein GRASP65 and the Golgi matrix protein GM130 | journal = The Journal of Biological Chemistry | volume = 290 | issue = 44 | pages = 26373–82 | year = 2015 | pmid = 26363069 | pmc = 4646294 | doi = 10.1074/jbc.M115.657940 | doi-access = free }}</ref> It is involved in establishing the stacked structure of the Golgi apparatus and linking the stacks into larger ribbons in vertebrate cells.<ref name="Hu_2015"/> It is a caspase-3 substrate, and cleavage of this encoded protein contributes to Golgi fragmentation in apoptosis.<ref name="pmid11815631">{{cite journal | vauthors = Lane JD, Lucocq J, Pryde J, Barr FA, Woodman PG, Allan VJ, Lowe M | title = Caspase-mediated cleavage of the stacking protein GRASP65 is required for Golgi fragmentation during apoptosis | journal = The Journal of Cell Biology | volume = 156 | issue = 3 | pages = 495–509 | year = 2002 | pmid = 11815631 | pmc = 2173349 | doi = 10.1083/jcb.200110007 }}</ref><ref name="pmid21368855">{{cite journal | vauthors = Cheng JP, Betin VM, Weir H, Shelmani GM, Moss DK, Lane JD | title = Caspase cleavage of the Golgi stacking factor GRASP65 is required for Fas/CD95-mediated apoptosis | journal = Cell Death & Disease | volume = 1 | issue = 10| pages = e82 | year = 2010 | pmid = 21368855 | pmc = 3035901 | doi = 10.1038/cddis.2010.59 }}</ref> GORASP1 can form a complex with the Golgi matrix protein GM130, and this complex binds to the vesicle docking protein p115.<ref name="Hu_2015"/>{{efn|This is shown in the external link entitled "Molecular models of GRASP65/GM130/P115-mediated cis-cisternae membrane stacking and vesicle tethering."}} Several alternatively spliced transcript variants of this gene have been identified, but their full-length natures have not been determined.<ref name="entrez"/> {{clear|left}}
== Structure ==
GORASP1 contains two PDZ domains in the amino-terminal GRASP domain (amino acid residues 2–210), that comprises approximately half of the protein. The GRASP region interacts with the Golgi matrix protein GM130 as well as an intrinsically disordered region in the C-terminus.<ref name="Hu_2015"/><ref name="Rabouille_2016">{{cite journal | vauthors = Rabouille C, Linstedt AD | title = GRASP: A Multitasking Tether | journal = Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology | volume = 4 | page = 1 | year = 2016 | pmid = 26858948 | pmc = 4726779 | doi = 10.3389/fcell.2016.00001 | doi-access = free }}</ref>
{{Gallery | File:4REY_top_spheres_helix.png | GRASP65 superhelix, topview<ref name="Hu_2015"/> | File:4REY_top_helix.png | | File:4REY_tilted_helix.png }} {{Gallery | File:4REY_side_layer_helix.png | GRASP65 superhelix, side view<ref name="Hu_2015"/> | File:4REY_side_helix.png | }}
== Interactions ==
GORASP1 has been shown to interact with TGF alpha,<ref name= "Barr_2001" >{{cite journal | vauthors = Barr FA, Preisinger C, Kopajtich R, Körner R | title = Golgi matrix proteins interact with p24 cargo receptors and aid their efficient retention in the Golgi apparatus | journal = The Journal of Cell Biology | volume = 155 | issue = 6 | pages = 885–91 | date = December 2001 | pmid = 11739402 | pmc = 2150891 | doi = 10.1083/jcb.200108102 }}</ref> TMED2<ref name = "Barr_2001"/> and GOLGA2.<ref name = "Barr_2001"/><ref name = "Short_2001">{{cite journal | vauthors = Short B, Preisinger C, Körner R, Kopajtich R, Byron O, Barr FA | title = A GRASP55-rab2 effector complex linking Golgi structure to membrane traffic | journal = The Journal of Cell Biology | volume = 155 | issue = 6 | pages = 877–83 | date = December 2001 | pmid = 11739401 | pmc = 2150909 | doi = 10.1083/jcb.200108079 }}</ref><ref name="Shorter_1999">{{cite journal | vauthors = Shorter J, Watson R, Giannakou ME, Clarke M, Warren G, Barr FA | title = GRASP55, a second mammalian GRASP protein involved in the stacking of Golgi cisternae in a cell-free system | journal = The EMBO Journal | volume = 18 | issue = 18 | pages = 4949–60 | date = September 1999 | pmid = 10487747 | pmc = 1171566 | doi = 10.1093/emboj/18.18.4949 }}</ref>
== Notes == {{notelist}}
== References == {{reflist|33em}}
== Further reading == {{refbegin|33em}} * {{cite journal | vauthors = Barr FA, Puype M, Vandekerckhove J, Warren G | title = GRASP65, a protein involved in the stacking of Golgi cisternae | journal = Cell | volume = 91 | issue = 2 | pages = 253–62 | date = October 1997 | pmid = 9346242 | doi = 10.1016/S0092-8674(00)80407-9 | s2cid = 11655667 | doi-access = free }} * {{cite journal | vauthors = Barr FA, Nakamura N, Warren G | title = Mapping the interaction between GRASP65 and GM130, components of a protein complex involved in the stacking of Golgi cisternae | journal = The EMBO Journal | volume = 17 | issue = 12 | pages = 3258–68 | date = June 1998 | pmid = 9628863 | pmc = 1170664 | doi = 10.1093/emboj/17.12.3258 }} * {{cite journal | vauthors = Lin CY, Madsen ML, Yarm FR, Jang YJ, Liu X, Erikson RL | title = Peripheral Golgi protein GRASP65 is a target of mitotic polo-like kinase (Plk) and Cdc2 | journal = Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America | volume = 97 | issue = 23 | pages = 12589–94 | date = November 2000 | pmid = 11050165 | pmc = 18808 | doi = 10.1073/pnas.220423497 | bibcode = 2000PNAS...9712589L | doi-access = free }} * {{cite journal | vauthors = Moyer BD, Allan BB, Balch WE | title = Rab1 interaction with a GM130 effector complex regulates COPII vesicle cis--Golgi tethering | journal = Traffic | volume = 2 | issue = 4 | pages = 268–76 | date = April 2001 | pmid = 11285137 | doi = 10.1034/j.1600-0854.2001.1o007.x | s2cid = 43069518 | doi-access = free }} * {{cite journal | vauthors = Sütterlin C, Lin CY, Feng Y, Ferris DK, Erikson RL, Malhotra V | title = Polo-like kinase is required for the fragmentation of pericentriolar Golgi stacks during mitosis | journal = Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America | volume = 98 | issue = 16 | pages = 9128–32 | date = July 2001 | pmid = 11447294 | pmc = 55384 | doi = 10.1073/pnas.161283998 | bibcode = 2001PNAS...98.9128S | doi-access = free }} * {{cite journal | vauthors = Ward TH, Polishchuk RS, Caplan S, Hirschberg K, Lippincott-Schwartz J | title = Maintenance of Golgi structure and function depends on the integrity of ER export | journal = The Journal of Cell Biology | volume = 155 | issue = 4 | pages = 557–70 | date = November 2001 | pmid = 11706049 | pmc = 2198855 | doi = 10.1083/jcb.200107045 }} * {{cite journal | vauthors = Lane JD, Lucocq J, Pryde J, Barr FA, Woodman PG, Allan VJ, Lowe M | title = Caspase-mediated cleavage of the stacking protein GRASP65 is required for Golgi fragmentation during apoptosis | journal = The Journal of Cell Biology | volume = 156 | issue = 3 | pages = 495–509 | date = February 2002 | pmid = 11815631 | pmc = 2173349 | doi = 10.1083/jcb.200110007 }} * {{cite journal | vauthors = Jesch SA | title = Inheriting a structural scaffold for Golgi biosynthesis | journal = BioEssays | volume = 24 | issue = 7 | pages = 584–7 | date = July 2002 | pmid = 12111718 | doi = 10.1002/bies.10122 }} * {{cite journal | vauthors = Protopopov A, Kashuba V, Zabarovska VI, Muravenko OV, Lerman MI, Klein G, Zabarovsky ER | title = An integrated physical and gene map of the 3.5-Mb chromosome 3p21.3 (AP20) region implicated in major human epithelial malignancies | journal = Cancer Research | volume = 63 | issue = 2 | pages = 404–12 | date = January 2003 | pmid = 12543795 }} * {{cite journal | vauthors = Wang Y, Seemann J, Pypaert M, Shorter J, Warren G | title = A direct role for GRASP65 as a mitotically regulated Golgi stacking factor | journal = The EMBO Journal | volume = 22 | issue = 13 | pages = 3279–90 | date = July 2003 | pmid = 12839990 | pmc = 165642 | doi = 10.1093/emboj/cdg317 }} * {{cite journal | vauthors = Colland F, Jacq X, Trouplin V, Mougin C, Groizeleau C, Hamburger A, Meil A, Wojcik J, Legrain P, Gauthier JM | title = Functional proteomics mapping of a human signaling pathway | journal = Genome Research | volume = 14 | issue = 7 | pages = 1324–32 | date = July 2004 | pmid = 15231748 | pmc = 442148 | doi = 10.1101/gr.2334104 }} * {{cite journal | vauthors = Wang Y, Satoh A, Warren G | title = Mapping the functional domains of the Golgi stacking factor GRASP65 | journal = The Journal of Biological Chemistry | volume = 280 | issue = 6 | pages = 4921–8 | date = February 2005 | pmid = 15576368 | doi = 10.1074/jbc.M412407200 | pmc = 4443495 | doi-access = free }} * {{cite journal | vauthors = Yoshimura S, Yoshioka K, Barr FA, Lowe M, Nakayama K, Ohkuma S, Nakamura N | title = Convergence of cell cycle regulation and growth factor signals on GRASP65 | journal = The Journal of Biological Chemistry | volume = 280 | issue = 24 | pages = 23048–56 | date = June 2005 | pmid = 15834132 | doi = 10.1074/jbc.M502442200 | doi-access = free }} * {{cite journal | vauthors = Sütterlin C, Polishchuk R, Pecot M, Malhotra V | title = The Golgi-associated protein GRASP65 regulates spindle dynamics and is essential for cell division | journal = Molecular Biology of the Cell | volume = 16 | issue = 7 | pages = 3211–22 | date = July 2005 | pmid = 15888544 | pmc = 1165405 | doi = 10.1091/mbc.E04-12-1065 }} {{refend}}
==External links == * [http://www.jbc.org/content/290/44/26373/F7.expansion.html Molecular models of GRASP65/GM130/P115-mediated cis-cisternae membrane stacking and vesicle tethering.]
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