{{Short description|Vegetable oil from the seeds of pine species}} {{Distinguish|Pine oil}}
thumb|right|alt=a coniferous tree in North Korea|Coniferous trees produce nuts that can be pressed for oil. <!-- Deleted image removed: thumb|right|210px|A bottle of commercially produced pine nut oil --> '''Pine nut oil''', also called ''pine seed oil'' or ''cedar nut oil'', is a vegetable oil, extracted from the edible seeds of several species of pine. While the oil produced from the seeds of more common European and American pine varieties is mostly used for culinary purposes, Siberian pines (growing in Russia, Mongolia and Kazakhstan), as well as Korean pines (growing mostly in North Korea) yield the seeds with the highest content of pinolenic acid, as well as antioxidants associated with medicinal uses.
== Culinary uses == Pine nut oil has a relatively low smoke point, and is therefore not generally used during cooking. Rather, it is added to foods for "finishing", to add flavor.<ref name="fao">{{cite book | url=http://www.fao.org/docrep/X0453E/X0453e12.htm | title=Non-wood forest products from conifers | chapter=Chapter 8: Seeds, Fruits and Cones | author=FAO | year=1995 | archive-date=2018-05-19 | access-date=2006-09-30 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180519144301/http://www.fao.org/docrep/x0453e/X0453e12.htm | url-status=dead }}</ref> Pine nut oil is also a useful bread preservative when a small amount is added to the dough.<ref name=fao/>
== Triglyceride composition == One analysis of the triglyceride composition of Siberian pine nut oil showed the following composition:<ref>{{cite journal | title=Triglyceride Composition of Pinus sibirica Oil |author1=V. I. Deineka |author2=L. A. Deineka |name-list-style=amp | journal=Chemistry of Natural Compounds | date=March 2003 | volume=39 | issue=2 | doi=10.1023/A:1024857729235 | pages=171 | s2cid=35735168 }}</ref>
{|class="wikitable" ! Fatty acid !! Percentage |- | Linoleic acid || align="right" | 49.0% ± 2.3 |- | Oleic acid || align="right" | 23.8% ± 2.1 |- | Pinolenic acid || align="right" | 17.1% ± 2.0 |- | Palmitic acid || align="right" | 6.3% ± 2.2 |- | Stearic acid || align="right" | 2.5% ± 0.1 |}
==See also== {{Portal|Food}} * Phytochemicals
==References== {{reflist}}
{{Fatsandoils}}
Category:Vegetable oils Category:Nut oils