{{Short description|Drink made from fruit or vegetables}} {{For multi|the professional gamer|Smoothie (gamer)|the subculture|Nullo (body modification)}} [[File:Kiwi Smoothie.jpg|thumb|Kiwifruit smoothie]]
A '''smoothie''' is a beverage made by puréeing ingredients in a blender.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/smoothie|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181025190038/https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/smoothie|archive-date=October 25, 2018|title=Smoothie|publisher=Oxford Dictionary, Oxford University Press|date=2018}}</ref> A smoothie commonly has a liquid base, such as fruit juice, milk, yogurt, or ice cream. Other ingredients may be added, including fruits, vegetables, non-dairy milk, crushed ice, whey powder, or nutritional supplements.
== History == Health food stores on the west coast of the United States began selling smoothies with the invention of the electric blender.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Brown |first=Ellen |title=The Complete Idiot's Guide to Smoothies |year=2005 |isbn=1-59257-318-5 |page=3|publisher=Penguin }}</ref> The actual term "smoothie" was being used in recipes and trademarks by the mid-1980s.<ref>{{cite web |date=2018 |title=Smoothie |url=https://www.etymonline.com/word/smoothie |access-date=25 October 2018 |publisher=Online Etymology Dictionary, Douglas Harper}}</ref> In the 1960s Steve Kuhnau was inspired by his work as a soda jerk and began experimenting with smoothies. They were an alternative for the lactose intolerant Kuhnau to taste his own concoctions using unique blends of fruit juices, vegetables, protein powder, and vitamins. Kuhnau discovered early success in his smoothie sales and founded Smoothie King. Smoothie King expanded throughout the United States and pioneered other smoothie businesses. The smoothie was then modified by fast food chains with the addition of sweeter ingredients like chocolate and Splenda.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Moffitt |first=Sally |date=2014-06-01 |title=Sources: Food and Drink in American History: A "Full Course" Encyclopedia. |journal=Reference & User Services Quarterly |volume=53 |issue=4 |page=377 |doi=10.5860/rusq.53n4.377a |issn=1094-9054|doi-access=free }}</ref> In the 2000s, consumers began making smoothies at home, in part as an alternative for daily consumption of fruits and vegetables.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Walkling-Ribeiro |first1=Markus |last2=Noci |first2=Francesco |last3=Cronin |first3=Denis A. |last4=Lyng |first4=James G. |last5=Morgan |first5=Desmond J. |date=2010-09-01 |title=Shelf life and sensory attributes of a fruit smoothie-type beverage processed with moderate heat and pulsed electric fields |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0023643810000708 |journal=LWT - Food Science and Technology |language=en |volume=43 |issue=7 |pages=1067–1073 |doi=10.1016/j.lwt.2010.02.010 |issn=0023-6438|url-access=subscription }}</ref>
==Nutrition == thumb|upright=0.6|Blueberry smoothie topped with blueberries and pineapple pieces
The nutrition of a smoothie depends on its ingredients and their proportions. Many smoothies include large or multiple servings of fruits and vegetables, which are recommended in a healthy diet and intended to be a meal replacement.<ref name="mayo">{{cite web |author1=Jeff Olsen |title=Mayo Clinic Minute: Get smart about smoothies |work=Mayo Clinic News Network |url=https://newsnetwork.mayoclinic.org/discussion/mayo-clinic-minute-get-smart-about-smoothies/ |access-date=25 October 2018 |date=26 July 2017}}</ref> However, fruit juice containing high amounts of sugar can increase caloric intake and promote weight gain.<ref name="cdc2018">{{cite web |title=Get the Facts: Sugar-Sweetened Beverages and Consumption |url=https://www.cdc.gov/nutrition/data-statistics/sugar-sweetened-beverages-intake.html |publisher=Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, US Department of Health and Human Services |access-date=25 October 2018 |date=23 October 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/society/2013/sep/07/smoothies-fruit-juices-new-health-risk|title=Smoothies and fruit juices are a new risk to health, US scientists warn|last=Boseley|first=Sarah|date=2013-09-07|newspaper=The Guardian|language=en-GB|issn=0261-3077|access-date=2016-03-27}}</ref> Ingredients such as protein powders, sweeteners, or ice cream may be used.<ref name="mayo" /><ref>{{Cite web |publisher=Nutrition Extension - Utah State University |title=Smoothies—Helpful or Harmful?|author=Darla Stoker |author2=Carrie Durward | url=https://extension.usu.edu/nutrition/research/smoothies-helpful-or-harmful |access-date=2022-03-01 |language=en}}</ref><ref name="cdc2015">{{cite web |date=23 September 2015 |title=Rethink Your Drink |url=https://www.cdc.gov/healthyweight/healthy_eating/drinks.html |access-date=25 October 2018 |publisher=Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, US Department of Health and Human Services}}</ref> One study found smoothies to be less satiating, despite providing the same amount of energy as unblended foods.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Rogers |first1=Peter J. |last2=Shahrokni |first2=Roya |date=2018-03-30 |title=A Comparison of the Satiety Effects of a Fruit Smoothie, Its Fresh Fruit Equivalent and Other Drinks |journal=Nutrients |volume=10 |issue=4 |page=431 |doi=10.3390/nu10040431 |issn=2072-6643 |pmc=5946216 |pmid=29601488|doi-access=free }}</ref>
==Types==
=== Green smoothie === A ''green smoothie'' can consist of any combination (including green leafy vegetables) or relative quantity of vegetables from which the resulting product is colored green.<ref name="kline">{{cite web|author=Angela Kline|date=23 September 2019|title=Smoothies Offered in Child Nutrition Programs |url=https://www.cacfp.org/assets/pdf/Smoothies+Offered+in+Child+Nutrition+Programs+QandA+cacfp.org/|publisher=United States Department of Agriculture: National Child and Adult Care Food Program Association|page=2|quote=2. Can smoothies containing a blend of different vegetables, vegetable juice blends, or fruit and vegetable juice blends}}</ref> Commonly, a green smoothie consists of dark green vegetables, such as spinach, kale, Swiss chard, collard greens, watercress, celery, parsley, or broccoli, with the remaining ingredients being fruit, a liquid, a protein source, a healthy fat source. <ref name=kline/><ref>{{cite news|author=Samantha Cassetty, RD|date=31 July 2024|url=https://www.today.com/health/diet-fitness/green-smoothie-recipes-rcna164522|title=10 green smoothie recipes packed with nutrients that you can drink every day|publisher=today.com|quote=What do green smoothies usually contain? - Greens - Fruits - Liquid - Protein - Healthy fats - Boosters|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240801095339/https://www.today.com/health/diet-fitness/green-smoothie-recipes-rcna164522|archive-date=1 August 2024}}</ref> Most green leafy vegetables have a bitter flavor when served raw, but this can be ameliorated by choosing certain less-bitter vegetables (e.g. baby spinach) or combining with fruits or other sweet ingredients.<ref name=kline/><ref>{{cite web|author=Harvard Medical School|title=Drink your fruits and vegetables? |url=https://www.health.harvard.edu/diet-and-weight-loss/drink-your-fruits-and-vegetables|editor=Nancy Ferrari|publisher=Harvard Health Publishing (consumer health information division of Harvard Medical School)|access-date=25 October 2018 |date=May 2018 |archive-date=25 October 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181025190139/https://www.health.harvard.edu/diet-and-weight-loss/drink-your-fruits-and-vegetables}}</ref>
=== Protein smoothie === A ''protein smoothie'' is a combination of water or milk, protein powder, fruits, and vegetables. They can be consumed any part of the day and are used as protein supplement for those who want to increase their protein intake. Protein powder can have a chalky taste when mixed individually by itself with milk or water. The protein smoothie improves the taste of the protein powder through addition of fruits or other sweeteners.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=How to build a better smoothie, according to a nutritionist |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/better/pop-culture/how-build-better-smoothie-according-nutritionist-ncna874006 |access-date=2022-03-01 |website=NBC News |date=29 May 2018 |language=en}}</ref>
=== Yogurt smoothie === A yogurt smoothie is a smoothie that includes yogurt as a protein source and to add a creamy texture to the drink. Greek yogurt, specifically, is included as a thickener (due to its strained consistency) and in order to take advantage of its claimed health benefits.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/better/pop-culture/how-build-better-smoothie-according-nutritionist-ncna874006 |title=How to build a better smoothie, according to a nutritionist |date=2018-05-27 |access-date=2024-01-14 |website=NBC |last=Cassetty |first=Samantha |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180527131101/https://www.nbcnews.com/better/pop-culture/how-build-better-smoothie-according-nutritionist-ncna874006 |archive-date=2018-05-27 |language=en}}</ref>
==Around the world== {{More citations needed|date=August 2025}} India has lassi, a yogurt smoothie composed of crushed ice, yogurt, sugar or salt, and in some cases fruits, like mango.<ref name="etiq">{{cite book |last=Shah |first=Niraalee |url={{Google books|7YdUEAAAQBAJ|page=PT289|plainurl=yes}} |title=Indian Etiquette: A Glimpse Into India's Culture |date=2021 |publisher=Notion Press |pages=289}}</ref>
Fruit sharbat (a popular West and South Asian drink) sometimes include yogurt and honey. Pineapple smoothies made with just crushed ice and sugar are common in Southern India. Lassi or a very similar drink exists by different names in other countries.
==See also== {{Portal|Society|Drink|Food}} *Chaas * Gazpacho * Health shake * Kumis * List of beverages * List of dairy products * List of fruit dishes * List of yogurt-based dishes and beverages * Milkshake
==References== {{Reflist|30em}}
==External links== {{Commons category|Smoothies}}
{{Juice}} {{Authority control}}
Category:Articles containing video clips Category:Juice Category:Non-alcoholic mixed drinks Category:Mediterranean cuisine Category:Middle Eastern cuisine Category:Indian drinks Category:Yogurt-based drinks