Eye disease

{{Short description|Health condition negatively affecting the eye}} {{Also|Human eye#Disease}}

[[File:Quarante-cinq globes oculaires représentant une variété de pathologies.jpg|thumb|Box containing forty-five glass eyeballs representing a variety of eye pathologies (Sorbonne University).]]

This is a partial '''list of human eye diseases and disorders'''.

The World Health Organization (WHO) publishes a classification of known diseases and injuries, the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, or ICD-10. This list uses that classification.

== H00–H06 Disorders of eyelid, lacrimal system and orbit == * (H02.1) Ectropion * (H02.2) Lagophthalmos * (H02.3) Blepharochalasis * (H02.4) Ptosis * (H02.5) Stye, an acne type infection of the sebaceous glands on or near the eyelid. * (H02.6) Xanthelasma of eyelid * (H03.0*) Parasitic infestation of eyelid in diseases classified elsewhere ** Dermatitis of eyelid due to Demodex species ( B88.0+ ) ** Parasitic infestation of eyelid in: *** leishmaniasis ( B55.–+ ) *** loiasis ( B74.3+ ) *** onchocerciasis ( B73+ ) *** phthiriasis ( B85.3+ ) * (H03.1*) Involvement of eyelid in other infectious diseases classified elsewhere ** Involvement of eyelid in: *** herpesviral (herpes simplex) infection ( B00.5+ ) *** leprosy ( A30.-+ ) *** molluscum contagiosum ( B08.1+ ) *** tuberculosis ( A18.4+ ) *** yaws ( A66.-+ ) *** zoster ( B02.3+ ) * (H03.8*) Involvement of eyelid in other diseases classified elsewhere ** Involvement of eyelid in impetigo ( L01.0+ ) * (H04.0) Dacryoadenitis * (H04.2) Epiphora * (H06.2*) Dysthyroid exophthalmos it is shown that if your eye comes out that it will shrink because the optic fluids drain out

== H10–H13 Disorders of conjunctiva == * (H10.0) Conjunctivitis – inflammation of the conjunctiva commonly due to an infection or an allergic reaction * (H11.129) Conjunctival concretion – development of hard deposits under the eyelid

== H15–H22 Disorders of sclera, cornea, iris and ciliary body == * (H15.0) Scleritis – a painful inflammation of the sclera * (H16) Keratitis – inflammation of the cornea * (H16.0) Corneal ulcer / Corneal abrasion – loss of the surface epithelial layer of the eye's cornea * (H16.1) Snow blindness / Arc eye – a painful condition caused by exposure of unprotected eyes to bright light * (H16.1) Thygeson's superficial punctate keratopathy * (H16.4) Corneal neovascularization * (H18.5) Fuchs' dystrophy – cloudy morning vision * (H18.6) Keratoconus – degenerative disease: the cornea thins and changes shape to be more like a cone than a parabole * (H19.3) Keratoconjunctivitis sicca – dry eyes * (H20.0) Iritis – inflammation of the iris * (H20.0, H44.1) Uveitis – inflammatory process involving the interior of the eye; Sympathetic ophthalmia is a subset.

== H25–H28 Disorders of lens == * (H25) Cataract – the lens becomes opaque * (H26) Myopia – close object appears clearly, but far ones do not * (H27) Hypermetropia – Nearby objects appears blurry * (H28) Presbyopia – inability to focus on nearby objects

== H30–H36 Disorders of choroid and retina ==

=== H30 Chorioretinal inflammation ===

(H30) Chorioretinal inflammation * (H30.0) Focal chorioretinal inflammation ** Focal: *** chorioretinitis *** choroiditis *** retinitis *** retinochoroiditis * (H30.1) Disseminated chorioretinal inflammation ** Disseminated: *** chorioretinitis *** choroiditis *** retinitis *** retinochoroiditis ::*Excludes: exudative retinopathy (H35.0) * (H30.2) Posterior cyclitis ** Pars planitis * (H30.8) Other chorioretinal inflammations ** Harada's disease * (H30.9) Chorioretinal inflammation, unspecified ** Chorioretinitis ** Choroiditis ** Retinitis ** Retinochoroiditis<ref name="H30-H36" />

=== H31 Other disorders of choroid ===

(H31) Other disorders of choroid * (H31.0) Chorioretinal scars ** Macula scars of posterior pole (postinflammatory) (post-traumatic) ** Solar retinopathy * (H31.1) Choroidal degeneration ** Atrophy ** Sclerosis *** Excludes: angioid streaks (H35.3) * (H31.2) Hereditary choroidal dystrophy ** Choroideremia ** Dystrophy, choroidal (central areolar) (generalized) (peripapillary) ** Gyrate atrophy, choroid *** Excludes: ornithinaemia ( E72.4 ) * (H31.3) Choroidal haemorrhage and rupture ** Choroidal haemorrhage: *** NOS (Not Otherwise Specified) *** expulsive * (H31.4) Choroidal detachment * (H31.8) Other specified disorders of choroid * (H31.9) Disorder of choroid, unspecified <ref name="H30-H36" />

=== H32 Chorioretinal disorders in diseases classified elsewhere ===

(H32) Chorioretinal disorders in diseases classified elsewhere * (H32.0) Chorioretinal inflammation in infectious and parasitic diseases classified elsewhere ** Chorioretinitis: *** syphilitic, late ( A52.7+ ) *** toxoplasma ( B58.0+ ) *** tuberculosis ( A18.5+ ) * (H32.8) Other chorioretinal disorders in diseases classified elsewhere <ref name="H30-H36" />

=== H33 Retinal detachments and breaks === * (H33) Retinal detachment with retinal break ** Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment * (H33.1) Retinoschisis and retinal cysts — the retina separates into several layers and may detach ** Cyst of ora serrata ** Parasitic cyst of retina NOS ** Pseudocyst of retina *** Excludes: congenital retinoschisis (Q14.1) **** microcystoid degeneration of retina (H35.4) * (H33.2) Serous retinal detachment ** Retinal detachment: *** NOS *** without retinal break **** Excludes: central serous chorioretinopathy (H35.7) * (H33.3) Retinal breaks without detachment ** Horseshoe tear of retina, without detachment ** Round hole of retina, without detachment ** Operculum ** Retinal break NOS *** Excludes: chorioretinal scars after surgery for detachment (H59.8) *** peripheral retinal degeneration without break (H35.4) * (H33.4) Traction detachment of retina ** Proliferative vitreo-retinopathy with retinal detachment * (H33.5) Other retinal detachments<ref>{{Cite web |title=ICD-10 - Disorders of choroid and retina (H30-H36) |url=https://icd.who.int/browse10/2010/en#/H30-H36 |access-date=2024-03-20 |website=icd.who.int}}</ref>

=== H34 Retinal vascular occlusions === A retinal vessel occlusion is a blockage in the blood vessel at the back of your eye that can result in sight loss.

=== H35 Other retinal disorders === * (H35.0) Hypertensive retinopathy – burst blood vessels, due to long-term high blood pressure ** (H35.0/E10-E14) Diabetic retinopathy – damage to the retina caused by complications of diabetes mellitus, which could eventually lead to blindness * (H35.0-H35.2) Retinopathy – general term referring to non-inflammatory damage to the retina * (H35.1) Retinopathy of prematurity – scarring and retinal detachment in premature babies * (H35.3) Age-related macular degeneration – the photosensitive cells in the macula malfunction and over time cease to work * (H35.3) Macular degeneration – loss of central vision, due to macular degeneration ** Bull's Eye Maculopathy * (H35.3) Epiretinal membrane – a transparent layer forms and tightens over the retina * (H35.4) Peripheral retinal degeneration * (H35.5) Hereditary retinal dystrophy * (H35.5) Retinitis pigmentosa – genetic disorder; tunnel vision preceded by night-blindness * (H35.6) Retinal haemorrhage * (H35.7) Separation of retinal layers ** Central serous retinopathy ** Retinal detachment: Detachment of retinal pigment epithelium * (H35.8) Other specified retinal disorders * (H35.81) Macular edema – distorted central vision, due to a swollen macula * (H35.9) Retinal disorder, unspecified <ref name="H30-H36" />

=== H36 Retinal disorders in diseases classified elsewhere === * (H36.0) Diabetic retinopathy

== H40–H42 Glaucoma == ** (H40.1) Primary open-angle glaucoma ** (H40.2) Primary angle-closure glaucoma ** (H40.3) Primary Normal tension glaucoma

== H43–H45 Disorders of vitreous body and globe ==

=== H43 Disorders of vitreous body === * (H43.0) Vitreous prolapse ** Excludes: vitreous syndrome following cataract surgery (H59.0) * (H43.1) Vitreous haemorrhage * (H43.2) Crystalline deposits in vitreous body * (H43.3) Other vitreous opacities ** Vitreous membranes and strands * (H43.8) Other disorders of vitreous body ** Vitreous: *** degeneration *** detachment *** Excludes: proliferative vitreo-retinopathy with retinal detachment (H33.4) * (H43.9) Disorder of vitreous body, unspecified

=== H44 Disorders of globe === Includes: disorders affecting multiple structures of eye * (H44.0) Purulent endophthalmitis ** Panophthalmitis ** Vitreous abscess * (H44.1) Other endophthalmitis ** Parasitic endophthalmitis NOS ** Sympathetic uveitis * (H44.2) Degenerative myopia * (H44.3) Other degenerative disorders of globe ** Chalcosis ** Siderosis of eye * (H44.4) Hypotony of eye * (H44.5) Degenerated conditions of globe ** Absolute glaucoma ** Atrophy of globe ** Phthisis bulbi * (H44.6) Retained (old) intraocular foreign body, magnetic ** Retained (old) magnetic foreign body (in): *** anterior chamber *** ciliary body *** iris *** lens *** posterior wall of globe *** vitreous body * (H44.7) Retained (old) intraocular foreign body, nonmagnetic ** Retained (nonmagnetic)(old) foreign body (in): *** anterior chamber *** ciliary body *** iris *** lens *** posterior wall of globe *** vitreous body * (H44.8) Other disorders of globe ** Haemophthalmos ** Luxation of globe * (H44.9) Disorder of globe, unspecified

=== H45 Disorders of vitreous body and globe in diseases classified elsewhere === * (H45.0) Vitreous haemorrhage in diseases classified elsewhere * (H45.1) Endophthalmitis in diseases classified elsewhere ** Endophthalmitis in: *** cysticercosis *** onchocerciasis *** toxocariasis * (H45.8) Other disorders of vitreous body and globe in diseases classified elsewhere<ref>{{Cite web |title=ICD-10 - Disorders of vitreous body and globe (H43-H45) |url=https://icd.who.int/browse10/2010/en#/H43-H45 |access-date=2024-03-20 |website=icd.who.int}}</ref>

== H46–H48 Disorders of optic nerve and visual pathways == * (H47.2) Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy – genetic disorder; loss of central vision,. * (H47.3) Optic disc drusen – globules progressively calcify in the optic disc, compressing the vascularization and optic nerve fibers

== H49–H52 Disorders of ocular muscles, binocular movement, accommodation and refraction == * (H49-H50) Strabismus (Crossed eye/Wandering eye/Walleye) – the eyes do not point in the same direction ** (H49.3-4) Ophthalmoparesis – the partial or total paralysis of the eye muscles ** (H49.4) Progressive external ophthalmoplegia – weakness of the external eye muscles ** (H50.0, H50.3) Esotropia – the tendency for eyes to become cross-eyed ** (H50.1, H50.3) Exotropia – the tendency for eyes to look outward * H52 Disorders of refraction and accommodation ** (H52.0) Hypermetropia (Farsightedness) – the inability to focus on near objects (and in extreme cases, any objects) ** (H52.1) Myopia (Nearsightedness) – distant objects appear blurred ** (H52.2) Astigmatism – the cornea or the lens of the eye is not perfectly spherical, resulting in different focal points in different planes ** (H52.3) Anisometropia – the lenses of the two eyes have different focal lengths ** (H52.4) Presbyopia – a condition that occurs with growing age and results in the inability to focus on close objects ** (H52.5) Disorders of accommodation *** Internal ophthalmoplegia

== H53–H54.9 Visual disturbances and blindness == * (H53.0) Amblyopia (lazy eye) – poor or blurry vision due to either no transmission or poor transmission of the visual image to the brain * (H53.0) Leber's congenital amaurosis – genetic disorder; appears at birth, characterised by sluggish or no pupillary responses * (H53.1, H53.4) Scotoma (blind spot) – an area impairment of vision surrounded by a field of relatively well-preserved vision. See also Anopsia. * (H53.5) Color blindness – the inability to perceive differences between some or all colors that other people can distinguish ** (H53.5) Achromatopsia / Maskun – a low cone count or lack of function in cone cells * (H53.6) Nyctalopia (Night blindness) – a condition making it difficult or impossible to see in the dark * (H54) Blindness – the brain does not receive optical information, through various causes ** (H54/B73) River blindness – blindness caused by long-term infection by a parasitic worm (rare in western societies) ** (H54.9) Micropthalmia/coloboma – a disconnection between the optic nerve and the brain and/or spinal cord

== H55–H59 Other disorders of eye and adnexa == * (H57.9) Red eye – conjunctiva appears red typically due to illness or injury * (H58.0) Argyll Robertson pupil – small, unequal, irregularly shaped pupils

== Other codes ==

The following are not classified as diseases of the eye and adnexa (H00–H59) by the World Health Organization:<ref name="main" /> * (B36.1) Keratomycosis – fungal infection of the cornea * (E50.6–E50.7) Xerophthalmia – dry eyes, caused by vitamin A deficiency * (Q13.1) Aniridia – a rare congenital eye condition leading to underdevelopment or even absence of the iris of the eye

== See also == {{col div|colwidth=30em}} * Endophthalmitis * Corneal dystrophy * Corrective lenses * Fungal contamination of contact lenses * Lists of diseases * List of eye surgeries * List of systemic diseases with ocular manifestations * Ophthalmology {{Div col end}}

== Notes == :''Please see the'' ''References'' ''section below for the complete listing of information.'' {{Reflist|refs= <ref name="H30-H36">World Health Organization ICD-10 codes: Diseases of the eye and adnexa (H00-H59). [http://apps.who.int/classifications/apps/icd/icd10online/?gh30.htm+h312]. Retrieved 2010-07-28.</ref>

<ref name="main">International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems. 10th Revision. Version for 2007.

[http://apps.who.int/classifications/apps/icd/icd10online/]</ref> }}

== References == * [https://eyewiki.org/ EyeWiki: The Eye Encyclopedia written by Eye Physicians & Surgeons (American Academy of Ophthalmology)] * [http://apps.who.int/classifications/icd10/browse/2010/en#/VII International Statistical Classification of Diseases (WHO ICD-10) — Diseases of the eye and adnexa (ICD-10 codes H00-H59)]

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