{{redirect|Carene|the town of ancient Mysia|Carene (Mysia)}} {{chembox | Verifiedfields = changed | Watchedfields = changed | verifiedrevid = 401944796 | Name = 3-Carene | ImageFile = File:Carene, 3-.svg | ImageName = Carene | ImageSize = 120px | PIN = 3,7,7-Trimethylbicyclo[4.1.0]hept-3-ene | OtherNames = Δ<sup>3</sup>-Carene<br>Car-3-ene |Section1={{Chembox Identifiers | ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}} | ChemSpiderID = 10660720 | ChEMBL_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}} | ChEMBL = 506854 | InChI = 1/C10H16/c1-7-4-5-8-9(6-7)10(8,2)3/h6-8H,4-5H2,1-3H3 | InChIKey = KALFVDDBBPRATR-UHFFFAOYAY | StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}} | StdInChI = 1S/C10H16/c1-7-4-5-8-9(6-7)10(8,2)3/h6-8H,4-5H2,1-3H3 | StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}} | StdInChIKey = KALFVDDBBPRATR-UHFFFAOYSA-N | CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}} | CASNo = 13466-78-9 | PubChem = 26049 | ChEBI = 7 | Beilstein = 1902767 | Gmelin = 663435 | EC_number = 236-719-3 | UNNumber = 2319 | KEGG_Ref = {{keggcite|correct|kegg}} | KEGG = C11382 | UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}} | UNII = H2M15SNR6N | SMILES = CC1=CCC2C(C1)C2(C)C }} |Section2={{Chembox Properties | C=10|H=16 | Density = 0.86 g/cm<sup>3</sup> (20 °C)<ref name=GESTIS>{{GESTIS|ZVG=570043}}</ref> | MeltingPt = | BoilingPtC = 170-172 | BoilingPt_ref= <ref name=GESTIS/> }} |Section7={{chembox Hazards | GHSPictograms = {{GHS02}}{{GHS07}}{{GHS08}} | GHSSignalWord = Danger | HPhrases = {{H-phrases|226|304|315|317|412}} | PPhrases = {{P-phrases|210|233|240|241|242|243|261|264|272|273|280|301+310|302+352|303+361+353|321|331|332+313|333+313|362|363|370+378|403+235|405|501}} }} }}
'''3-Carene''' is a bicyclic monoterpene consisting of fused cyclohexene and cyclopropane rings. It occurs as a constituent of turpentine,<ref name=UllmannEgg>{{Ullmann|author1=M. Eggersdorfer|title=Terpenes|year=2005|doi=10.1002/14356007.a26_205}}</ref> with a content as high as 42% depending on the source. Carene has a sweet and pungent odor,<ref name=Merck>{{cite book | title = Merck Index | edition = 12th | date = 1996 | id = 1885 | page = 300}}</ref> best described as a combination of fir needles, musky earth, and damp woodlands.<ref>Mediavilla, Vito, Simon Steinemann, Essential oil of Cannabis sativa L. strains. Journal of the International Hemp Association, 1997, 4(2):80-82.</ref>
A colorless liquid, it is not water-soluble, but miscible with fats and oils.<ref name=Merck/> It is chiral, occurring naturally both as the racemate and enantio-enriched forms.
==Reactions and uses== Treatment with peracetic acid gives 3,4-caranediol. Pyrolysis over ferric oxide induces rearrangement, giving ''p''-cymene. Carene is used in the perfume industry and as a chemical intermediate.<ref name=UllmannEgg/>
Because carene can be found in cannabis naturally, it can also be found in cannabis distillates. Greater concentrations of carene in a distillate give it an earthier taste and smell.<ref>{{cite web |title=What is Delta 3 Carene? |url=https://ionizationlabs.com/the-cannabis-terpene-carene/ |website=ionizationlabs.com |publisher=Ionization Labs |access-date=6 August 2020}}</ref> 3-Carene is also present in mango, giving the fruit a characteristic pine-like flavor and aroma.
==References== <references/>
{{DEFAULTSORT:Carene, 3-}} Category:Flavors Category:Cyclohexenes Category:Monoterpenes Category:Bicyclic compounds Category:Cyclopropanes Category:Sweet-smelling chemicals Category:Wood extracts