{{Short description|Turkish automaker which was established in 1968 by Vehbi Koç}} {{for|the basketball team|Tofaş S.K.}} {{prose|date=December 2022}} {{Infobox company | name = TOFAŞ Türk Otomobil Fabrikası A.Ş | logo = TOFAŞ logo (2019-).svg | logo_size = 200px | type = Public | traded_as = {{imkb|TOASO}} | area_served = Europe, Middle East, Central Asia | key_people = Cengiz Eroldu (CEO)<br />Fabrizio Renzi (CFO) | industry = Automotive | products = Automobiles, Commercial Vehicles, Spare Parts, Die Manufacturing, Consumer Financing | production = 450,000 units per year | revenue = {{profit}} US$4.40 billion (2023) | operating_income = {{profit}} US$483 million (2023) | net_income = {{profit}} US$520 million (2023) | assets = {{profit}} US$2.71 billion (2023) | equity = {{profit}} US$1.27 billion (2023) ) | owner = {{ubl|Stellantis Europe (37.8%)|Koç Holding (37.8%)}}<ref name="fiat.co.nz">{{Cite web|url=http://www.fiat.co.nz/default.aspx?MenuId=240|title=Fiat and PSA Citroën reveal new van family|access-date=2009-04-18|work=fiat.co.nz|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081015100157/http://fiat.co.nz/default.aspx?MenuId=240|archive-date=2008-10-15}}</ref> | num_employees = 7,000 | image = TofasIngresso.jpg | image_caption = Front of the Building - Tofas- Bursa, Turkey. | foundation = {{sda|1968}} | location = Istanbul, Turkey; plant Bursa, Turkey | homepage = {{URL|https://tofas.com.tr/Pages/default.aspx|tofas.com.tr}} }} '''TOFAŞ Türk Otomobil Fabrikası A.Ş''' (acronym for ''Türk Otomobil Fabrikası Anonim Şirketi''; ''Turkish Automobile Factory Joint-Stock Company'' pronounced {{IPA|tr|tofaʃ|}}) is a Turkish automobile manufacturer which was established in 1968 by Vehbi Koç, who founded Koç Holding, based in Bursa, where the manufacturing plant of the company is located. It is jointly owned by Stellantis and Koç Holding (37.8% of the company's shares belong to Stellantis (through Fiat Group Automobiles); 37.8% to Koç Holding; and 24.3% freefloat).<ref name="fiat.co.nz">{{Cite web|url=http://www.fiat.co.nz/default.aspx?MenuId=240|title=Fiat and PSA Citroën reveal new van family|access-date=2009-04-18|work=fiat.co.nz|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081015100157/http://fiat.co.nz/default.aspx?MenuId=240|archive-date=2008-10-15}}</ref>
Tofaş manufactures both passenger cars and light commercial vehicles. It is one of the biggest automakers in the sector, with its 7,000 employees and 450,000 vehicles annual production capacity. Tofaş manufactures for the Fiat, Citroën, Peugeot, Opel, Vauxhall and RAM brands in Bursa, which has achieved for it the “Gold Level” within the scope of the WCM-World Class Manufacturing Program that is implemented in the 175 plants within the framework of Stellantis.<ref name="habermonitor.com">{{Cite web|url=http://kilis.habermonitor.com/en/haber/detay/tofasgold-factorylevel-rises/212390/|title=Tofaş Bursa Plant, WCM-World Class Manufacturing Programme team as a result of inspections carried out"Gold Factory"raised|access-date=2013-11-17|work=habermonitor.com}}</ref>
Tofaş plays a leading role in Turkish automotive sector; it conducts sales and after sales operations for the Fiat, Alfa Romeo, Lancia, Jeep, Ferrari, and Maserati brands in Turkey.<ref name="koc.com.tr">{{Cite web|url=http://www.koc.com.tr/en-us/activity-fields/sectors/automotive/tofas|title=About Tofas|access-date=2014-05-09|work=koc.com.tr}}</ref>
Tofaş exported 160,000 units to 80 countries in 2013. It also recorded 7 billion TL net sales income and 434 million TL net profit. Fulfilling 22% of the total production in Turkey with its 240,000 units in the previous year, Tofaş achieved 1.6 billion euro export income by increasing its export volume by 4%.<ref name="Tofaş Annual Report 2013">{{Cite web|url=http://www.tofas.com.tr/en/Investor/Annual%20and%20Interim%20Reports/TOFAS%20TURKISH%20AUTOMOTIVE%20FACTORY%20INC.%20ANNUAL%20REPORT%202013/TOFASFR-INGILIZCE.pdf|title=Tofaş Annual Report 2013|access-date=2014-05-09|work=tofas.com.tr|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140513012912/http://www.tofas.com.tr/en/Investor/Annual%20and%20Interim%20Reports/TOFAS%20TURKISH%20AUTOMOTIVE%20FACTORY%20INC.%20ANNUAL%20REPORT%202013/TOFASFR-INGILIZCE.pdf|archive-date=2014-05-13}}</ref>
==History== {{Unreferenced section|date=November 2024}} thumb|Tofaş Murat 124 [[File:Murat 131.JPG|thumb|The first Murat 131 built by Tofaş.]] thumb|A modified Tofaş Şahin thumb|A stock Tofaş Doğan thumb|Tofaş-Fiat Tipo [[File:Fiat Linea 1.4 TJet Dynamic 2010 (16452173783) (cropped).jpg|thumb|The first Fiat Linea was co-developed and produced in the Tofaş Fiat factory in Bursa, which remains the model's primary production plant for the EU market.]] thumb|New Fiat Tipo/EgeaTofaş was founded in 1968. The company’s production plant was established in Bursa in 1969, marking the beginning of its manufacturing operations in Turkey. In 1971, Tofaş introduced its first model, the Fiat 124, produced under license from Fiat and locally named ''Murat 124'' (with a later version called ''Serçe''). This year also saw the establishment of Tofaş's first motorsports team.
In 1973, Tofaş formed a spare parts company called OPAR, (OPAR is an abbreviation for '''O'''rjinal '''Par'''ça ''(Turkish)'' or '''O'''riginal '''Par'''ts ''(English)'', probably inspired from MOPAR) focusing on the sale of spare parts for a variety of vehicle brands. The company’s sports activities were further formalized in 1974 with the founding of the Tofaş Sport Club. Tofaş expanded its export market in 1975 by shipping vehicles to Egypt, its first international market. In 1976, Tofaş began production of the ''Murat 131'' model.
The company’s product lineup grew in the early 1980s, with the start of production for the ''Kartal'' and ''Dogan'' models in 1981. Production of Fiat 131 and its derivatives continued until 2003 and until 2010 in CKD form. In 1990, Tofaş began producing the ''Tempra'', and in 1994, the ''Uno'' model was introduced. That same year, Tofaş established its Research and Development (R&D) division. Exports of the ''Tempra'' began in 1995, marking a broader international presence for the company. In 1997, Tofaş and OPAR merged into a single entity.
In 1999, Tofaş began production of the ''Marea'' and ''Brava'' models, followed by the ''Doblò'' in 2000 which was designed by Tofaş. The company also launched the Tofaş Basketball Volunteer Project in 2000. In 2001, Tofaş merged its production plant with Tofaş Oto Ticaret, the company’s automotive trade division. That year, the company entered into a partnership with Alfa Romeo, which began producing cars at the Tofaş factory.
The ''Albea'' model entered production in 2002, and in 2003, Tofaş opened the Tofaş Museum of Cars in Anatolia. In 2005, Tofaş became the official distributor of Ferrari and Maserati in Turkey, establishing the ''Fer Mas'' company to manage these brands. Exports to Russia of the ''Palio'' and ''Albea'' models began in 2006.
Tofaş acquired official distribution rights for Lancia in 2007 and completed the ''Minicargo'' project, resulting in the launch of the ''Fiat Fiorino''. The vehicle was also sold to PSA as the ''Peugeot Bipper'' and ''Citroën Nemo'', marking the first time Tofaş sold the rights to one of its models. In 2009, the ''Albea Sole'' model was introduced, and Tofaş S.K. won promotion to the Turkish Basketball Super League.
In 2012, following the merger between Fiat and Chrysler, Jeep joined Tofaş in Turkey. By this time, the company had produced 4 million vehicles. In 2013, Tofaş formed a partnership with Magneti Marelli for the sale of automotive parts in Turkey and achieved the WCM “Gold Level” at its Bursa production plant.
Tofaş continued its investment in education and innovation by opening the ''Tofaş Academy'' in 2014 and establishing the ''Tofaş Science High School'' the same year. In 2023, the company announced that it would consolidate the commercial activities of all Stellantis brands under Tofaş.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Stellantis and Koç Holding Strengthen Tofaş and Enhance Partnership in Türkiye {{!}} Stellantis |url=https://www.stellantis.com/en/news/press-releases/2023/march/stellantis-and-koc-holding-strengthen-tofas-and-enhance-partnership-in-turkiye |access-date=2023-04-05 |website=www.stellantis.com}}</ref>
==Annual production== {{Unreferenced section|date=April 2018}}
*1972–20,000 units *1984–35,000 units *1990–100,000 units *1993–250,000 units *2007–360,000 units *2008–400,000 units<ref>{{Cite web |title=EU Funding & Tenders Portal |url=https://ec.europa.eu/info/funding-tenders/opportunities/portal/screen/how-to-participate/org-details/972778275 |access-date=2024-11-08 |website=ec.europa.eu}}</ref>
==Models and production years== thumb|1981-1984 Tofaş Murat 131 Şahin *1971 - Murat 124 *1976 - Murat 131 *1981 - 131 Kartal and 131 Doğan *1983 - 124 Serçe and 131 Kartal (new body) *1988 - 131 Şahin, Doğan and Kartal (new body) *1990 - Fiat Tempra *1993 - Fiat Tipo and Tempra SW *1994 - Fiat Uno *1998 - Fiat Palio, Palio Weekend and Siena *1999 - Fiat Marea and Brava *2000 - Fiat Doblò *2002 - Fiat Albea *2005 - Fiat Linea *2007 - Mini Cargo (Fiat Fiorino - Peugeot Bipper - Citroën Nemo) *2009 - Fiat Doblò *2015 - Fiat Tipo/Egea
===Current production=== Tofaş currently produces the following models for Stellantis: * Fiat Tipo (2015) * Citroën Jumpy/Dispatch/SpaceTourer * Fiat Scudo/Ulysse * Peugeot Expert/Traveller * Opel/Vauxhall Vivaro/Zafira * Toyota ProAce (Verso)
===Discontinued=== Old models the company has produced in the past include:
* Fiat 124, as the Tofaş Murat 124 and later Tofaş Serçe * Fiat 131, as the Tofaş Murat 131, Şahin, Doğan, or Kartal * Tipo * Tempra * Uno * Brava * Linea * Marea * Palio * Siena * Albea *Qubo *Citroën Nemo *Peugeot Bipper * Opel Combo * Fiat Doblò * Ram ProMaster City * Fiat Fiorino
==Logo== <gallery> File:Tofas logo.png|Tofas (1968-2008) File:TOFAS Logo.svg|Tofas (2008–present) </gallery>
==See also== *Karsan *Pirin-Fiat *Holland Car *Zastava *Tofaş Museum of Cars and Anatolian Carriages
==References== {{Reflist}}
==External links== {{commons category}} * {{Official website}}
{{Tofaş}} {{Navboxes |titlestyle = background:#ccccff |list1= {{Koç family}} {{Stellantis}} {{Fiat Chrysler Automobiles}} {{Turkish automobile brands and manufacturers}} {{Istanbul Stock Exchange companies}} }} {{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Tofas}} Category:Turkish brands Category:Companies listed on the Istanbul Stock Exchange Category:Companies in the BIST 100 Category:Car manufacturers of Turkey Category:Vehicle manufacturing companies established in 1968 Category:Koç family Category:Stellantis Category:1968 establishments in Turkey Category:Companies based in Bursa