Timeline of Trieste

The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Trieste in the Friuli-Venezia Giulia region of Italy.

Prior to 19th century

• 79 AD – Via Flavia (Dalmatia–Tergeste) built.
• 1203 – Captured by the Republic of Venice.^[1]
• 1320 – Trieste Cathedral built.
• 1352 – Public clock installed (approximate date).^[2]
• 1382 – Trieste becomes a Habsburg imperial free city.^[1]
• 1385 – Trieste Cathedral consecrated.^[1]
• 1680 – Castle built.^[1]
• 1682 – Church of Santa Maria Maggiore built.^[1]
• 1719 – City becomes a free port.^[3][1]
• 1753 – Nautical School founded.
• 1755 – Trieste Commodity Exchange established.
• 1756 – Canal Grande (Trieste) constructed.^[4]
• 1776 – Karl von Zinzendorf becomes governor of Trieste.
• 1783 – Jewish primary school opens.
• 1784 – L'Osservatore Triestino newspaper begins publication.^[5]
• 1787 – Greek Orthodox Church of San Nicolò dei Greci built.
• 1793 – Pubblica Biblioteca Arcadica Triestina (library) established.^[6]

19th century

• 1801 – Teatro Nuovo (opera house) inaugurated.
• 1809 – Trieste ceded to the French as part of the Illyrian Provinces in the Treaty of Schönbrunn.^[3]
• 1810
  • Gabinetto di Minerva literary society founded.^[7]
  • Population: 29,908.^[8]
• 1814 – Austrians returned to power in the Treaty of Paris.^[3]
• 1828 – Catholic Diocese of Trieste-Koper established.
• 1831 – Assicurazioni Generali insurance company in business.
• 1833 – Österreichischer Lloyd shipping firm in business.
• 1835 – Schiller Society founded.^[9]
• 1839
  • Caffe degli Specchi in business.^[10]
  • Muzio Tommasini becomes mayor.
• 1840 – Tergesteo built.^[8]
• 1842 – Civico Orto Botanico di Trieste (garden)^[11] and Savings Bank of Trieste^{[citation needed]} established.
• 1846 – Civico Museo di Storia Naturale di Trieste (museum) established.
• 1848
  • May to Aug − Harbour blockaded by an Italian fleet.^[1]
  • 25 October: Premiere of Verdi's opera Il corsaro.
• 1849 – Trieste becomes a Habsburg imperial free city again.^[8]
• 1851 – Trieste Astronomical Observatory established.
• 1853 – Trieste Chamber of Commerce and Industry established.
• 1857
  • Austrian Southern Railway (Vienna-Trieste) begins operating.
  • Trieste Centrale railway station opens.
  • Stabilimento Tecnico Triestino shipbuilding firm in business near city.
• 1860 – Miramare Castle built near city for Austrian archduke Maximilian.^[1]
• 1871 – Richard Burton becomes British consul in Trieste.
• 1872 – Revoltella Museum founded.
• 1878 – Politeama Rossetti theatre built.
• 1880 – Population: 144,844.^[8]
• 1881 – Il Piccolo newspaper begins publication.^[12]
• 1882
  • September: Emperor of Austria Franz Joseph I visits city.^[13]
  • Agricultural exhibition held.^[8]
• 1883 – Harbour constructed.^[8]
• 1885 – Saint Spyridon Church building inaugurated.
• 1887 – Trieste–Hrpelje railway begins operating.
• 1888 - Monument erected to commemorate 500th anniversary of connexion with Austria.^[1]
• 1891 – City ended being a free port.^[1]
• 1899 – Circolo di Studi Sociali (civic group) founded.^[7]
• 1900 – Population: 132,879.^[1]

20th century

• 1902 – Trieste–Opicina tramway begins operating.
• 1904 – Trieste National Hall opens.^[9]
• 1905 – Coffee exchange established.^[14]
• 1906 − Opening of the Karawanks Tunnel (railway) completed the railway from Trieste to Klagenfurt.^[1]
• 1912
  • Synagogue of Trieste completed.
  • Circolo Sportivo Ponziana (football club) formed.
  • Savoia Excelsior Palace hotel in business.
• 1914 – Caffè San Marco in business.
• 1918
  • Unione Triestina football club formed.
  • La Nazione newspaper begins publication.
  • Umana literary journal begins publication.^[9]
• 1919 – Trieste becomes part of the Kingdom of Italy per Treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye (signed on 10 September 1919 and effective on 16 July 1920).^[3][15]
• 1920 – 13 July: Trieste National Hall burnt by Fascist Blackshirts.
• 1924 – University of Trieste and Rotary Club^[10] established.
• 1927 – Vittoria Lighthouse built.
• 1930 – Cantieri Riuniti dell'Adriatico shipbuilding firm in business.
• 1931 – Radio Trst begins broadcasting.
• 1932 – Stadio Littorio opens.
• 1943
  • September: Nazi German Operational Zone of the Adriatic Littoral headquartered in Trieste.
  • September: City becomes part of the Italian Social Republic.
  • Risiera di San Sabba Nazi concentration camp established near city.
• 1945
  • 1 May: City taken by Yugoslav forces.^[3]
  • 2 May: German surrender to Allied forces.
  • Primorski dnevnik Slovene-language newspaper begins publication.^[12]
• 1947 – 15 September: City becomes part of the Free Territory of Trieste of the United Nations Security Council.^[3]
• 1949
  • June: Municipal election held.
  • Gianni Bartoli becomes mayor.
  • Museo Sartorio opens.
• 1953 – Administration of Free Territory of Trieste passes to Italy.^[3]
• 1954 – Some of Trieste becomes part of Italy; the remainder becomes part of Yugoslavia.^[16]
• 1958 – Mario Franzil becomes mayor.
• 1961 – Trieste Airport in operation.^{[citation needed]}
• 1963 – Orto Botanico dell'Università di Trieste (garden) established.
• 1964 – International Centre for Theoretical Physics headquartered near city.
• 1965 – Temple of Monte Grisa (church) built near city.
• 1970 – City becomes capital of the Friuli-Venezia Giulia region (approximate date).^{[citation needed]}
• 1975 – Protest against Treaty of Osimo.^[17]
• 1978 – International School for Advanced Studies established.
• 1992 – Stadio Nereo Rocco opens.
• 1993
  • Riccardo Illy becomes mayor.
  • Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste research centre established near city.
• 1996 – Central European Initiative headquartered in Trieste.

21st century

• 2001 – Roberto Dipiazza becomes mayor.
• 2006 – Italia Marittima shipping firm active.
• 2011
  • Roberto Cosolini becomes mayor.^[18]
  • Population: 205,535.

See also

• History of Trieste (it)
• Other names of Trieste
• List of presidents of Friuli-Venezia Giulia region since 1960s
• List of mayors of Trieste

Timelines of other cities in the macroregion of Northeast Italy:^(it)

• Emilia-Romagna region: Timeline of Bologna; Ferrara; Forlì; Modena; Parma; Piacenza; Ravenna; Reggio Emilia; Rimini
• Trentino-South Tyrol region: Timeline of Bolzano; Trento
• Veneto region: Timeline of Padua; Treviso; Venice; Verona; Vicenza

References

1. ^ Britannica 1910.
2. ^ Gerhard Dohrn-van Rossum (1996). "The First Public Clocks". History of the Hour: Clocks and Modern Temporal Orders. University of Chicago Press. p. 129. ISBN 978-0-226-15510-4.
3. ^ "Trieste", "Webster's Geographical Dictionary", Springfield, Massachusetts, USA: G. & C. Merriam Co., 1960, p. 1158
4. ^ Jenkins 2012.
5. ^ Agapito 1824.
6. ^ "Biblioteca Civica Attilio Hortis" (in Italian). Comune di Trieste. Retrieved 28 December 2016.
7. ^ Rutar 2006.
8. ^ Chambers 1901.
9. ^ Campanile 2004.
10. ^ Hametz 2005.
11. ^ "Garden Search: Italy". London: Botanic Gardens Conservation International. Retrieved 3 December 2016.
12. ^ "Trieste (Italy) Newspapers". WorldCat. USA: Online Computer Library Center. Retrieved 7 January 2014.
13. ^ Haydn 1910.
14. ^ William H. Ukers (1922), "All About Coffee", New York: Tea and Coffee Trade Journal Co.
15. ^ "Italy Profile: Timeline". BBC News. 19 March 2012. Retrieved 7 January 2014.
16. ^ Eric Roman (2003). "Chronologies: Yugoslavia: People's Republic". Austria-Hungary & the Successor States: A Reference Guide. Facts on File. ISBN 978-0-8160-7469-3.
17. ^ Pamela Ballinger (2003). History in Exile: Memory and Identity at the Borders of the Balkans. Princeton University Press. ISBN 0-691-08697-4.
18. ^ "Sindaco" (in Italian). Organi Politici. Comune di Trieste. Retrieved 7 January 2014.

This article incorporates information from the German Wikipedia and Italian Wikipedia.

Bibliography

Published in the 19th century

• Abraham Rees (1819), "Trieste", "The Cyclopaedia", London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme & Brown
• Girolamo Agapito (1824). Compiuta e distresa descrizione della fedelissima città e porto-franco di Trieste [Description of the City and Free Port of Trieste] (in Italian). Vienna: Antonio Strauss.
• David Brewster (ed.) (1832). "Trieste". Edinburgh Encyclopaedia. Philadelphia: Joseph and Edward Parker. hdl:2027/uc2.ark:/13960/t3dz0hq2k
• J. Joyce (1851), "Sketch of Trieste", "Recollections of the Salzkammergut, Ischl, Salzburg, Bad Gastein ... with a Sketch of Trieste"
• Giovannina Bandelli (1851). Notizie storiche di Trieste e guida per la città [History of Trieste and Guide to the City] (in Italian). Coen.
• * Charles Knight (ed.) (1866). "Trieste". Geography. Vol. 4. English Cyclopaedia. London: Bradbury, Evans, & Co. hdl:2027/nyp.33433000064810
• "Trieste", "Appleton's European Guide Book", London: Longmans, Green, Reader, and Dyer, 1871
• "Trieste", "Southern Germany and Austria", 2nd ed., Coblenz: Karl Baedeker, 1871, OCLC 4090237
• "Trieste", "Bradshaw's Hand-Book to the Turkish Empire", Vol. 1: Turkey in Europe, London: W.J. Adams, c. 1872
• William Smith (ed.) (1872 [1854]). "Tergeste". Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography. London: John Murray. hdl:2027/hvd.ah5cur
• R. Burton (October 1875), "Port of Trieste", Journal of the Society of Arts. Vol. 23, pp. 56 v, hdl:2027/uc1.b2876382 + part 2
• David Kay (1880), "Principal Towns: Trieste", "Austria-Hungary", Foreign Countries and British Colonies, London: Sampson Low, Marston, Searle, & Rivington, hdl:2027/mdp.39015030647005
• W. Pembroke Fetridge (1881), "Trieste", "Harper's Hand-book for Travellers in Europe and the East", New York: Harper & Brothers
• "Triest", "Ober-Italien" (in German), Meyers Reisebücher, 4th ed., Leipzig: Bibliographisches Institut, 1884, hdl:2027/uc1.$b500241
• Thomas Graham Jackson (1887), "Trieste", "Dalmatia", Oxford: Clarendon Press
• "Trieste". Nuova Enciclopedia Italiana (in Italian). 6th ed. Torino: Unione Tipografico-Editrice Torinese. 1887.
• Norddeutscher Lloyd (1896), "Trieste", "Guide through Germany, Austria-Hungary, Italy, Switzerland, France, Belgium, Holland and England", Berlin: J. Reichmann & Cantor, OCLC 8395555

Published in the 20th century

• "Trieste". Chambers's Encyclopaedia. London. 1901.
• Giulio Caprin (1906), "Trieste" (in Italian), Bergamo: Istituto italiano d'arti grafiche (profusely illustrated)
• "Triest", "Jewish Encyclopedia", Vol. 12, 1907
• "Trieste", "Guide through Germany, Austria-Hungary, Switzerland, Italy, France, Belgium, Holland, the United Kingdom, Spain, Portugal, &c", 9th ed., Berlin: J.H. Herz, 1908, OCLC 36795367
• Arthur L. Frothingham (1910), "Trieste", "Roman Cities in Northern Italy and Dalmatia", London: J. Murray
• Benjamin Vincent (1910), "Trieste", "Haydn's Dictionary of Dates", 25th ed., London: Ward, Lock & Co.
• Vol. 27. 1910. pp. 269–270.
• "Trieste", "Austria-Hungary", 11th ed., Leipzig: Karl Baedeker, 1911
• "Trieste". Le Tre Venézie (in Italian). Guida d'Italia. Milan: Touring Club Italiano. 1920. p. 247+. – via HathiTrust.
• Novak, Bogdan (1970). Trieste 1941–1954: the ethnic, political and ideological struggle. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. ISBN 0-226-59621-4.
• Angelo Ara, Claudio Magris. Trieste. Un'identità di frontiera. Einaudi Editore. Torino, 1982. ISBN 88-06-59823-6
• Cary, Joseph (1993). A Ghost in Trieste. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. ISBN 0-226-09528-2.
• Marengo Vaglio, Carla (1994). "Trieste as a linguistic melting pot". La Revue des Lettres Modernes. ' (1173): 55–74.
• Sluga, Glenda (1994). "Trieste: ethnicity and the Cold War, 1945–1954". Journal of Contemporary History. 29 (2): 285–304. doi:10.1177/002200949402900204. S2CID 154280355

Published in the 21st century

in English

• Hametz, Maura (December 2001). "The Carabinieri stood by: The Italian state and the "Slavic Threat" in Trieste, 1919–1922". Nationalities Papers. 29 (4): 559–574. doi:10.1080/00905990120102093. S2CID 155037121
• Morris, Jan. Trieste and the Meaning of Nowhere. DaCapo Press. Cambridge, Mass, 2001
• Anna Campanile (2004). "Torn Soul of a City: Trieste as a Center of Polyphonic Culture and Literature". History of the Literary Cultures of East-Central Europe: Junctures and Disjunctures in the 19th and 20th Centuries. Marcel Cornis-Pope and John Neubauer (ed.). John Benjamins Publishing. ISBN 90-272-3453-1.
• Maura Elise Hametz (2005). Making Trieste Italian, 1918-1954. UK: Boydell & Brewer. ISBN 978-0-86193-279-5.
• Sabine Rutar et al. (2006). "Internationalist Networking in a Multinational Setting: Social Democratic Cultural Associations in Austro-Hungarian Trieste 1900–1914". Civil Society, Associations, and Urban Places: Class, Nation, and Culture in 19th-Century Europe. Graeme Morton et al. (ed.). Ashgate. pp. 87–101. ISBN 978-0-7546-5247-2.
• Eric Jenkins (2012). "Trieste". To Scale: One Hundred Urban Plans. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-136-74606-2.
• Aleksej Kalc (2012). "Immigration Policy in 18th Century Trieste". Gated Communities?: Regulating Migration in Early Modern Cities. Bert De Munck and Anne Winter (ed.). Ashgate. ISBN 978-1-4094-3130-5.

in Italian

• Franco Gleria and Maurizio Radacich. Il terrore viene dal cielo. Trieste: 1944/1945 (Trieste: Italo Svevo Edizioni, 2007)

External links

• Map of Trieste, 1999
• Europeana. Items related to Trieste, various dates.