Timeline of Parma

The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Parma in the Emilia-Romagna region of Italy.

Prior to 18th century

• 187 BCE – Via Aemilia (road) built through Parma.^[1]
• 183 BCE – Parma becomes a Roman colony.^[1]
• 4th century CE – Roman Catholic Diocese of Parma established (approximate date).^[2]
• 452 CE – Parma burned by forces of Attila.^[3]
• 569 CE – Alboin in power.^[1]
• 1046 – Cadalus becomes bishop.^[1]
• 1106 – Parma Cathedral consecrated.^[1]
• 1117 – Earthquake.^[4][5]
• 1248 – Battle of Parma.^[1]
• 1281 – Parma Baptistery built.^[1]
• 1307 – Giberto III da Correggio in power.^[1]
• 1346 – Visconti in power.^[1]
• 1356 – La Rocchetta citadel built.^[1]
• 1472 – Printing press in operation.^[6]
• 1488 – Banca Monte Parma (bank) established.
• 1510 – San Giovanni Evangelista church built (approximate date).^[1]
• 1512 – Parma becomes a papal possession.^[1]
• 1521 – Siege of Parma (1521) by French forces.^[1]
• 1539 – Sanctuary of Santa Maria della Steccata built.^[1]
• 1545 – Duchy of Parma established.
• 1574 – Accademia degli Innominati founded.^[7]
• 1580 – Palazzo della Pilotta construction begins.
• 1591 – Parma Citadel built.^[1]
• 1627 – Palazzo del Comune (Parma) and Palazzo del Governatore (Parma) rebuilt (approximate date).^[1]
• 1628 – Teatro Farnese (theatre) opens.^[4]

18th–19th centuries

• 1734 – Austrians in power.^[1]
• 1735 – Gazzetta di Parma newspaper begins publication.^[8]
• 1757 – Academy of Fine Arts of Parma founded.
• 1769 – Royal Library of Parma inaugurated.^[9]
• 1808 – Parma becomes part of the French Taro (department).^[3]
• 1817 – Cimitero della Villetta (cemetery) established.
• 1825 - Parma Conservatory established from the previously existing Regia Scuola di Canto^[10]
• 1829 – Nuovo Teatro Ducale (theatre) built.
• 1833 – Population: 48,523.^[4]
• 1849 – Baron d'Aspre with 15,000 Austrians took possession of Parma.^[1]
• 1855 – 26 December: Premiere of Verdi's opera I vespri siciliani.
• 1859
  • June: Political unrest.
  • Parma railway station opens.
• 1860 – Deputazione di Storia Patria per le Province Parmensi (history society) founded.
• 1861
  • Parma becomes part of the Kingdom of Italy.^[3]
  • Corpo bandistico municipale Giuseppe Verdi di Parma (concert band) active.
• 1865 – Biblioteca Popolare Circolante (library) organized.^[11]
• 1866 – Parma Synagogue built.
• 1867 – Future orchestra conductor Arturo Toscanini born in Parma.^[3]
• 1884 – Parma-Colorno railway begins operating.
• 1885 – Brescia–Parma railway begins operating.
• 1893 – National Camera del Lavoro congress held in Parma.
• 1899 – Parma tram begins operating.

20th century

• 1906 – Population: 48,523.^[1]
• 1908 – Labor strike.^[12]
• 1910 – Parma-Fornovo Tram and Parma-Marzolara Tram begin operating.
• 1911 – Population: 51,910.^[13]
• 1913 – Parma Foot Ball Club formed.
• 1920 – Monument to Giuseppe Verdi (Parma) erected.
• 1922 – August: Fatti di Parma (political unrest).
• 1923
  • Parma Airport built.
  • Stadio Ennio Tardini (stadium) opens.
• 1925 – Parma Chamber of Commerce building constructed.
• 1930 – Biblioteca civica di Parma (library) established.^[14]
• 1931 – Population: 71,282.^[4]
• 1941 – Teatro al Parco (theatre) built in the Parco Ducale (Parma).
• 1943 – Parma occupied by German forces.
• 1944 – Bombing of Parma in World War II.
• 1945 – German forces ousted.
• 1951 – Population: 122,978.
• 1953 – Trolleybus system begins operating.
• 1961 – Population: 147,368.
• 1971 – Population: 175,228.
• 1978 – Tv Parma begins broadcasting.

21st century

• 2001 – Auditorium Niccolò Paganini built.
• 2002 – Casa della Musica established.
• 2012 – May: Parma municipal election held; Federico Pizzarotti becomes mayor.
• 2013 – Population: 177,714.^[15]

See also

• Parma history
• History of Parma
• Urban development of Parma
• List of mayors of Parma
• List of bishops of Parma
• List of dukes of Parma, 1545–1859
• State Archives of Parma (state archives)
• History of Emilia (region of Italy)

Timelines of other cities in the macroregion of Northeast Italy:^(it)

• Emilia-Romagna region: Timeline of Bologna; Ferrara; Forlì; Modena; Piacenza; Ravenna; Reggio Emilia; Rimini
• Friuli-Venezia Giulia region: Timeline of Trieste
• Trentino-South Tyrol region: Timeline of Trento
• Veneto region: Timeline of Padua; Treviso; Venice; Verona; Vicenza

References

1. ^ Britannica 1910.
2. ^ "Chronology of Catholic Dioceses: Italy". Norway: Roman Catholic Diocese of Oslo. Retrieved 29 December 2016.
3. ^ Domenico 2002.
4. ^ Treccani 1935.
5. ^ Mario Baratta (1901). I terremoti d'Italia [Earthquakes in Italy] (in Italian). Turin: Fratelli Bocca (includes chronology)
6. ^ Robert Proctor (1898). "Books Printed From Types: Italy: Parma". Index to the Early Printed Books in the British Museum. London: Kegan Paul, Trench, Trübner and Company. hdl:2027/uc1.c3450631?urlappend=%3Bseq=471
7. ^ Sampson 2016.
8. ^ "Italy". Western Europe. Regional Surveys of the World. 5th ed. Europa Publications. 2003. ISBN 978-1-85743-152-0.
9. ^ Biblioteche 1865.
10. ^ Gaspare Nello Vetro (2011). "Parma, Il Conservatorio di musica". Dizionario della musica e dei musicisti del Ducato di Parma e Piacenza
11. ^ Biblioteche 1893.
12. ^ "Foreign and Colonial History: Italy", "Annual Register...1908", London: Longmans, Green, and Co., 1909, pp. 276–283
13. ^ "Italy". Statesman's Year-Book. London: Macmillan and Co. 1913. hdl:2027/njp.32101072368374?urlappend=%3Bseq=1107
14. ^ "(Comune: Parma)" (in Italian). Anagrafe delle biblioteche italiane. Istituto Centrale per il Catalogo Unico. Retrieved 29 December 2016.
15. ^ "Resident Population". Demo-Geodemo. Istituto Nazionale di Statistica. Retrieved 29 December 2016.

This article incorporates information from the Italian Wikipedia.

Bibliography

in English

• William Smith (ed.) (1872 [1854]). "Parma". Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography. London: John Murray. hdl:2027/hvd.ah5cur?urlappend=%3Bseq=571
• "Parma", "Hand-book for Travellers in Northern Italy", 16th ed., London: John Murray, 1897, OCLC 2231483
• Umberto Cassuto (1905), "Parma", "Jewish Encyclopedia", Vol. 9, hdl:2027/mdp.49015002282474?urlappend=%3Bseq=580
• Vol. 20. 1910. pp. 850–851.
• Benjamin Vincent (1910), "Parma", "Haydn's Dictionary of Dates", 25th ed., London: Ward, Lock & Co., hdl:2027/uc2.ark:/13960/t41r6xh8t?urlappend=%3Bseq=1060
• Edward Hutton (1912), "Parma", "The Cities of Lombardy", New York: Macmillan Co.
• "Parma", "Northern Italy", 14th ed., Leipzig: Karl Baedeker, 1913 + (1870 ed.)
• Roy Domenico (2002). "Emilia Romagna: Parma". Regions of Italy: a Reference Guide to History and Culture. Greenwood. pp. 92+. ISBN 0313307334.
• Christopher Kleinhenz (ed.) (2004). "Parma". Medieval Italy: an Encyclopedia. Routledge. p. 855+. ISBN 0415939291.
• Charles M. Rosenberg (ed.) (2010). Court Cities of Northern Italy: Milan, Parma, Piacenza, Mantua, Ferrara, Bologna, Urbino, Pesaro, and Rimini. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-79248-6.
• Lisa Sampson et al. (2016). "Reforming Theatre in Farnese Parma: The Case of the Accademia degli Innominati (1574–1608)". Italian Academies 1525–1700: Networks of Culture, Innovation and Dissent. Jane E. Everson et al. (ed.). Routledge. pp. 62–76. ISBN 978-1-317-19630-3.

in Italian

• Italien (1865). "Elenco delle biblioteche del regno: Parma". Statistica del Regno d'Italia: biblioteche (in Italian). Florence. (List of libraries)
• Nicola Bernardini (ed.) (1890). "Provincia di Parma". Guida della stampa periodica italiana (in Italian). Lecce: R. Tipografia editrice salentina dei fratelli Spacciante. p. 591+.
• Ministero dell'agricoltura, dell'industria e del commercio (1893). "Parma". Statistica delle biblioteche (in Italian). Rome. (List of libraries)
• Stefano Lottici & Giuseppe Sitti (1904). Bibliografia generale per la storia parmense [Bibliography of the history of Parma] (in Italian). Alfonso Zerbini.
• "Parma", "Enciclopedia Italiana" (in Italian), 1935

External links

• Items related to Parma, various dates (via Europeana)
• Items related to Parma, various dates (via Digital Public Library of America)