{{Short description|Australian politician}} {{for|the New South Wales MLC, 1927–1966|Thomas Alfred John Playfair}} {{Infobox person | name =Thomas Playfair | image = John Thomas Playfair.jpg | alt =Portrait of Thomas Playfair | caption = Portrait of Playfair | birth_name = John Thomas Playfair | birth_place =Essex, England | baptised = 12 February 1832 | death_date = 15 November 1893 | death_place =Kings Cross, New South Wales | nationality = | other_names = | relatives = Thomas Alfred John Playfair (grandson) | occupation =Navy steward, butcher, ship's providore, politician | years_active = | known_for =Reforms in public sanitation, establishment of Homebush sale-yards, charitable work | notable_works = | module = {{infobox_officeholder|embed=yes | office = Sydney City Council | title = Councillor | term_start = 1875 | term_end = 1893 }} }} {{Use dmy dates|date=August 2021}} {{Use Australian English|date=August 2021}}
'''John Thomas Playfair''' (1832 – 15 November 1893) was an English-born Australian butcher, ship's providore, politician and benefactor.<ref name=":0">{{Australian Dictionary of Biography ||id2=playfair-john-thomas-4405 |title=Playfair, John Thomas (1832–1893) |last=Duncan |first=Ross |year=1974 |access-date=5 July 2016}}</ref>
== Early life == John Thomas Playfair, known as Thomas Playfair, the eldest son of tailor Thomas Playfair and Mary Anne, née Arnold, was baptised on 12 February 1832 in Essex, England. He went to sea at the age of twelve, becoming a captain's steward in the Royal Navy. In 1859 he settled in Sydney, entering into a partnership with wholesale butcher E. J. Baily, also operating a separate business as a shipping butcher at 103 George Street, The Rocks. On 7 November 1860 he married Ellen Matheson, with whom he had three sons. After her death in 1866, he married her sister, Georgina Hope, on 26 February 1867; they had a daughter and two sons.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://familyhistory.bdm.nsw.gov.au|title=New South Wales Registry of Births, Deaths & Marriages|last=|first=|date=|website=|publisher=State of New South Wales. Department of Justice|access-date=5 July 2016}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{cite news |url=https://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article163269211 |title=Mr Thomas Playfair, Mayor of Sydney for 1885 |newspaper=The Sydney Mail and New South Wales Advertiser |date=27 December 1884 |accessdate=7 July 2016 |page=1289 |via=Trove}}</ref>
== Career == Following the death of E. J. Baily, Playfair continued the business partnership with his widow. The ship's providore venture grew into a prosperous enterprise.<ref name=":0" />
Playfair was a Sydney City Councillor, representing Gipps Ward continuously from 1875 to 1893. His achievements during his time in the Council include the widening of George Street North and the erection of new cattle sale-yards at Homebush.<ref name=":1" /> Serving as Mayor of Sydney in 1885, he pledged to "improve the homes of the poor, and clear out the dark places of the city".<ref>{{cite news |url=https://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article71022039 |title=His Worship the Mayor of Sydney, Thomas Playfair, J.P. |newspaper=Australian Town and Country Journal |date=3 January 1885 |accessdate=7 July 2016 |page=19 |via=Trove}}</ref> In 1889 he was elected to the New South Wales Legislative Assembly as a Free Trade member for West Sydney,<ref>{{Cite NSW election |year=1889 |district=West Sydney |accessdate=25 July 2020}}</ref> serving only one term before his defeat in 1891.<ref name="nsw">{{Cite NSW Parliament |former=Yes |access-date=5 May 2019 |id=633 |title=Mr (John) Thomas Playfair (1831-1893)}}</ref><ref>{{Cite NSW election |year=1891 |district=West Sydney |accessdate=25 July 2020}}</ref>
== Personal life == Playfair was a generous benefactor to several charities, including the Sydney Ragged School, the Sisters of St Joseph's Providence and the Boys' Brigade.<ref name=":0" />
Playfair died at his home in Darlinghurst Road, Kings Cross on 15 November 1893, following an attack of rheumatic gout.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article13936134 |title=Death of Alderman Playfair |newspaper=The Sydney Morning Herald |date=16 November 1893 |accessdate=7 July 2016 |page=5 |via=Trove}}</ref> He was interred in the Church of England section of Waverley Cemetery.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article13907224 |title=Funeral of Alderman Playfair |newspaper=The Sydney Morning Herald |date=17 November 1893 |accessdate=7 July 2016 |page=5 |via=Trove}}</ref> His estate, which included approximately thirty properties in the city, Eastern Suburbs, North Sydney and Manly, was divided between his four surviving children, Thomas Arnold, Edmund John Baily, Jessie and Alfred Donald. The butchering business was bequeathed to Edmund.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article112931831 |title=Alderman Playfair's will. |newspaper=Evening News |date=18 December 1893 |accessdate=7 July 2016 |page=5 |via=Trove}}</ref>
== Legacy / Memorials == Playfair Street and Playfair Stairs, both located in The Rocks, are named after Thomas Playfair.<ref name=":0" />
The Playfair Memorial Drinking Fountain was installed at the Flemington sale-yards in May 1896, in recognition of Playfair's efforts to modernise Sydney's water supply. The fountain was moved to Sydney Olympic Park on 1 March 1968.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.sopa.nsw.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0007/949471/Web_FS_Public_Art_2015.pdf|title=Fact sheet – Public art|last=|first=|date=January 2014|website=Sydney Olympic Park|publisher=Sydney Olympic Park Authority|access-date=7 July 2016}}</ref>
A plaque was placed on the doors of Holy Trinity Church in Millers Point in 1960 in his memory.<ref name=":0" />
==References== {{reflist}}
== Further reading == * Thomas Playfair Pty Ltd [1960]. ''The Playfair Story, 1860–1960''. Sydney: Harbour Press. {{s-start}} {{s-par|au-nsw-la}} {{s-bef|before=Alexander Kethel<br>George Merriman}} {{s-ttl|title=Member for West Sydney | years=1889–1891|alongside=Abigail, Lamb/Taylor, O'Connor}} {{s-aft|after=George Black<br>Thomas Davis<br>Jack FitzGerald<br>Andrew Kelly}} {{s-civ}} {{s-bef|before=John Hardie}} {{s-ttl|title=Mayor of Sydney|years=1885}} {{s-aft|after=John Young}} {{s-end}}
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Playfair, Thomas}} Category:1832 births Category:1893 deaths Category:19th-century mayors of places in Australia Category:Members of the New South Wales Legislative Assembly Category:Free Trade Party politicians Category:Mayors and lord mayors of Sydney Category:19th-century Australian politicians Category:English emigrants to colonial Australia Category:Australian butchers Category:Playfair family