Garrison Church, Sydney

{{Use Australian English|date=October 2018}} {{Use dmy dates|date=October 2018}} {{Infobox church | icon = | icon_width = | icon_alt = | name = Garrison Church | full_name = Holy Trinity Garrison Church | other_name = Holy Trinity Anglican Church | native_name = | native_name_lang = | image = HolyTrinity AnglicanChurch MillersPoint.jpg | image_size = 270 | alt = | caption = The Garrison Church from Observatory Hill

| pushpin_map = Australia Sydney central | pushpin_label_position = | pushpin_map_alt = | pushpin_mapsize = 270 | relief = 1 | map_caption = Location in Sydney central business district | coordinates = {{coord|-33.8581|151.2059|region:AU-NSW_type:landmark|display=inline,title|format=dms}} | osgraw =  | location = Argyle Street, Millers Point, City of Sydney, New South Wales | country = Australia

| denomination = Anglican | previous_denomination = | tradition = | religious_institute =  | churchmanship = | website = {{URL|churchhillanglican.com/visit-us#location2}}

| former_name = | founded = {{start date|1840|06|23|df=y}} | founder = Bishop William Broughton | dedication = | dedicated = | consecrated = 2000 | events = | status = Church | functional_status = Active | heritage_designation = | designated = | architect = {{bulleted list|Henry Ginn (1st stage)|Edmund Blacket (2nd stage)}} | architectural_type = | style = | years_built = 1840–1846 | groundbreaking = | completed = | construction_cost = | closed = | demolished =

| capacity = | length =  | width =  | height =  | materials =

| embedded = {{Infobox designation list | embed = yes | designation1 = New South Wales State Heritage Register | designation1_offname = Garrison Anglican Church Precinct; Holy Trinity Anglican Church and Hall; Drill Hall; Garrison Church | designation1_type = State heritage (complex / group) | designation1_date = 2 April 1999 | delisted1_date = | designation1_partof = | designation1_number = 644 | designation1_free1name = Type | designation1_free1value = Church | designation1_free2name = Category | designation1_free2value = Religion | designation1_free3name = Builders | designation1_free3value = Edward Flood & George Patton }} }} The '''Garrison Church''' is a heritage-listed active Anglican church building located at Argyle Street in the inner city Sydney on the edge of the suburb of Millers Point in the City of Sydney local government area of New South Wales, Australia. It was designed by Henry Ginn (1st stage), Edmund Blacket (2nd stage) and built from 1840 to 1846 by Edward Flood and George Patton. It is also known as '''Holy Trinity Anglican Church and Hall'''. The property is owned by Anglican Church Property Trust and was added to the New South Wales State Heritage Register on 2 April 1999.<ref name=nswshr-644>{{cite NSW SHR|5045505|Garrison Anglican Church Precinct|fn=S90/03347 & HC 89/0766|access-date=14 October 2019}}</ref>

The Garrison Church is the first military church built in colonial Australia.<ref name=Haskell/> It remains an active Anglican church, and since 1 November 2013 has operated in a joint parish with St Philip's Church,<ref name=Gilbert>{{cite news|last1=Gilbert|first1=Nick|title=York Street, Miller's Point parishes to merge|url=http://sydneyanglicans.net/news/york-street-millers-point-parishes-to-merge|access-date=6 August 2014|publisher=Sydney Anglicans|date=3 October 2011}}</ref> part of the Diocese of Sydney.

== History == thumb|The Garrison Church interior thumb|Holy Trinity exterior in 1872 thumb|The Garrison Church exterior Despite the proximity of Miller's Point to The Rocks and the initial settlement of Sydney, the inaccessibility of Miller's Point meant it was not settled until 1810s. Industry began in the 1820s with windmills on the high ground and then extended into commercial maritime facilities, which took advantage of the deep foreshore. From the 1830s onwards the commercial activities led to the development of residences for middle-class merchants and professionals.<ref name=nswshr-644-644-1>Davies 2004:11-12</ref><ref name=nswshr-644/>

The first church in Sydney was St Philip's Church, established in 1797 and completed in 1810, before the large-scale commercial development of the area. The maritime activities bought an influx of parishioners that the church could not physically contain. Seating capacity at St Philip's Church had been outgrown by the congregation.<ref name=1940History>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article17681563 |title=GARRISON CHURCH. |newspaper=The Sydney Morning Herald |date=22 June 1940 |access-date=6 August 2014 |page=11 |publisher=National Library of Australia}}</ref> A solution was the establishment of the parish of Holy Trinity. The Garrison Church was planned at a meeting convened by Reverend William Cowper on 23 December 1839<ref name=1936History>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article17240959 |title=HOLY TRINITY. |newspaper=The Sydney Morning Herald |date=6 June 1936 |access-date=7 August 2014 |page=12 |publisher=National Library of Australia}}</ref> when a resolution passed to petition Governor Major Sir George Gipps for the establishment of the parish. Gipps granted approval in January 1840<ref name=1936History/><ref>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article12887469 |title=EPISCOPALIAN CHURCH GRANTS. |newspaper=The Sydney Morning Herald |date=27 May 1846 |access-date=7 August 2014 |page=3 |publisher=National Library of Australia}}</ref> and Henry Ginn was immediately engaged to draw up plans for the new church.<ref name=nswshr-644/>

Cowper made a significant contribution to funding the church, stipulating that it be named "The Holy Trinity".<ref name=1933HolyTrinity>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article16967605 |title=HOLY TRINITY. |newspaper=The Sydney Morning Herald |date=24 June 1933 |access-date=11 August 2014 |page=9 |publisher=National Library of Australia}}</ref> The foundation stone was laid by Bishop William Broughton<ref name=1940History/> on 23 June 1840.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article17623157 |title=HISTORIC GARRISON CHURCH. |newspaper=The Sydney Morning Herald |date=30 December 1939 |access-date=7 August 2014 |page=13 |publisher=National Library of Australia}}</ref> At the foundation service ''The Sydney Morning Herald'' reported that Broughton concluded his address "expressing his belief that those present would not only avail themselves of the building about to be erected for perpetuating the true worship of the true God, but also expressing his fervent wishes that the building might for generations be devoted to the purposes for which it was to be constructed."<ref name=Foundation/> The Garrison Church was one of nine or ten churches under construction at the time, projects considered by ''The Sydney Morning Herald'' at the time to "clearly prove ... still Religion and Morality are rapidly advancing amongst us".<ref>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article12865199 |title=DOMESTIC INTELLIGENCE. |newspaper=The Sydney Herald |date=29 July 1840 |access-date=7 August 2014 |page=2 |publisher=National Library of Australia}}</ref>

{{Quotation|This Foundation stone of a Church in Honour of the Holy Trinity, erected with the aid of Her Majesty's Government, by the Inhabitants of the Parish of Saint Phillip in the Town of Sydney, and Colony of New South Wales, was laid by the Right Reverend Father in God, William, Lord Bishop of Australia, on the XXIII Day of June, in the year of our Lord MDCCCXL, the IV year of the Reign of Queen Victoria, and the LIII of the Colony, Sir George Gipps, Knight, being Governor. The Bishop of Australia, Trustee; the Rev William Cowper, chaplain of St Phillips, Major George Barney, commanding Royal Engineers, Robert Campbell junior, merchant, acting Committee for the Building.|Bronze plaque inside the foundation stone,<ref name=Foundation>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article12858462 |title=CHURCH OF ENGLAND. |newspaper=The Sydney Herald |date=26 June 1840 |access-date=7 August 2014 |page=2 |publisher=National Library of Australia}}</ref> location unknown.<ref name=1940History/>}}

Building continued slowly due to the depression of the 1840s. In 1844 Broughton gave Rev. John Couch Grylls a licence to conduct services in the partially completed building. The first service was held on Whitsunday in 1844. It was hoped the arrangement would be short-lived and the Church could be consecrated, however this did not occur until 2000. Grylls was appointed and licensed soon after,<ref name=1936History/> on a salary of £500 (including £200 from the Government)<ref>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article2549065 |title=New Church. |newspaper=The Sydney Gazette and New South Wales Advertiser |location=NSW |date=30 April 1840 |access-date=7 August 2014 |page=2 |publisher=National Library of Australia}}</ref> and died in 1854. The parishioners began looking at completing the building works to the Church. A building committee was established in 1855 and engaged Edmund Blacket to prepare plans, which included a tower and spire. Blacket's plans were adopted on a reduced scale, but work was not completed until 1878.<ref name=nswshr-644/>

The church was the official Garrison church for the imperial troops at Dawes Point Battery until they were withdrawn from Sydney in 1870.<ref name=1940History/> A small adjoining hall was used as a school,<ref>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article17058949 |title=HOLY TRINITY CHURCH. |newspaper=The Sydney Morning Herald |date=28 May 1934 |access-date=13 August 2014 |page=15 |publisher=National Library of Australia}}</ref> and for a time was the headquarters of the 30th Scottish Battalion,{{sfn|Parkinson|1999|page=3}} which continued its relationship with the church at anniversaries.<ref name=1941History/> The church held a collection of military items dating back to the early years of the Colony and these were displayed in the hall which operated as a military museum for some thirty years. The museum was run by Myra Demetriou, who was assisted by other volunteers, many of whom were drawn from the military who attended commemorative services at the church. The museum closed when Myra's eyesight failed and the collection was dispersed.

For several years the Garrison Church was the "parish church" of Government House.<ref name=3June1939/>

The demographic of the area, containing mainly middle-class merchants and professionals, made Holy Trinity a wealthy parish and on the completion of the building works, the parish remained stable until 1890s. The depression of the 1890s together with the rise of territorial gangs in the area and the Bubonic plague had a negative impact on the parish and it went into decline. By the 1930s the Government resumptions, World War I and the Great Depression had changed the demographic to a poorer, working-class neighbourhood with fewer Anglicans. There was no resident minister, but the Church continued with services, Sunday School and a Mothers' Union. In 1938 the Church decided not to continue with the dream of completing the tower and spire, instead turning the fund over to fixing the church and hall. During World War II the hall was used as a Church of England National Emergency Fund hostel for servicemen, a function that continued into the 1950s.<ref name=nswshr-644/><ref name=1965WomensWeekly>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article46236441 |title=Garrison Church says: "Celebrate with me". |newspaper=The Australian Women's Weekly |date=23 June 1965 |access-date=11 August 2014 |page=7 |publisher=National Library of Australia}}</ref>

The first history of the Church was written in 1940 to commemorate the centenary of laying the foundation stone. Rev. Archibald W. Morton wrote the history and included a list of English regiments "who worshiped here during the period the Church was used by the Garrison Forces".<ref name=nswshr-644-644-2>Davies 2004:15</ref> This was the first link between the Church and the Garrison and as a result, in 1952, the military insignia of the forces were dedicated in the nave and the Church renamed Holy Trinity Garrison Church. Holy Trinity, however, was not a place of worship for the Garrison - St Philip had been before the construction of Victoria Barracks.

The Church continued to minister to the troops at the Dawes Battery and other military associations included regular attendance by a squad from the Naval Volunteer Artillery at morning services. During the early 20th century Charles Rosenthal, a member of the parish, was a part-time commissioned officer serving with the Australian Garrison Artillery and seems to have established a connection between the two. The erection of a drill hall for the 30th Battalion, NSW Scottish Regiment in 1916 on Lower Fort Street led to an association with the Royal NSW Regiment.<ref name="nswshr-644" />

== Description == The Garrison Anglican Church is located at the intersection of Argyle Street and Lower Fort Street, Millers Point.<ref name=PublicBuildings/> The church is situated to the east of the Argyle Place public reserve and is north of the Observatory Hill public reserve.<ref name=nswshr-644/> The church is surrounded by houses and terraces from the Georgian and Victorian periods.<ref>{{cite book|first1=Graham|last1=Jahn|first2=Patrick|last2=Bingham-Hall|title=Sydney architecture|date=2000|publisher=Watermark Press|isbn=0949284327|page=29}}</ref> The site includes the church, parish hall and is defined by the "village square" of Argyle Place public reserve that encompasses; historic residences to the north, mid-nineteenth and early twentieth century residences in Lower Fort Street, including the rectory, commercial premises and the former Army Drill Hall. Included in the church precinct is a rectory, commercial premises, a former army drill hall, and parish hall. 50, 52, 54 and 56 Lower Fort Street are early twentieth century residences.<ref name=nswshr-644/>

===Church=== The rear of Holy Trinity Anglican Church is defined by an irregularly formed public right of way known as Trinity Avenue. The church was constructed from locally quarried sandstone and contains a wide nave with aisles and chancel and vestry on the east end, which is the oldest portion of the church. Externally the nave comprises a series of buttresses and five windows with stone tracery, label moulds and carved foliage bosses on each of the south and north elevations. There exists a single large window on west elevation, one window on the southwest wall. The western and eastern buttresses are carried up in elegant carved stone pinnacles. The gable roof is clad in slate with six timber and iron ventilators. The west gable apex is surmounted by a stone carving of the holy cross and the east apex has a stone belfry. A panel of the west gable has been sheeted in timber to cover a bell system installed 1971. The eleven stained glass windows in the aisles primary from the late 1870s.<ref name=nswshr-644/>

The church building was designed by Henry Ginn, and built by mason George Payten/Paton<ref name=Haskell>{{cite book|first2=John|last2=Callanan|first1=John|last1=Haskell|title=Architecture of Sydney|date=1996|publisher=UNSW Press|location=Sydney|isbn=9780868403915|page=19}}</ref> and builder Edward Flood.<ref name=3June1939>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article27972459 |title=HOLY TRINITY CHURCH. |newspaper=The Sydney Morning Herald |date=3 June 1939 |access-date=11 August 2014 |page=12 |publisher=National Library of Australia}}</ref><ref name=1965WomensWeekly/> The authorisation was for a north-south building, but it was built east-west.<ref name=1965WomensWeekly/> Lighting was installed in 1850 after a special collection for the purpose.<ref name=3June1939/> Colonial architect Edmund Blacket made some enhancements to the building in the period 1855-1859,<ref name=Haskell/> including adding the wine-glass shaped pulpit,{{sfn|Parkinson|1999|page=11}} and the north-eastern vestry.{{sfn|Parkinson|1999|page=4}} The design included a tower at the west end,<ref name=Haskell/> which although it received support in a split vote in 1887,<ref>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article13675096 |title=NEWS OF THE DAY. |newspaper=The Sydney Morning Herald |issue=15,462 |location=New South Wales, Australia |date=15 October 1887 |access-date=9 March 2016 |page=13 |via=National Library of Australia}}</ref> was never built,<ref name=Haskell/> and the large buttresses built in preparation have since been reduced.{{sfn|Parkinson|1999|page=3}}

The eastern stained-glass window by C. Clutterbuck was purchased for £100<ref name=3June1939/> in 1860,<ref name=Haskell/> and has corbels in the form of human heads (traditionally thought to be Queen Victoria and Prince Albert).{{sfn|Parkinson|1999|page=4}} It was installed in the chancel in 1861 by Rose Scott in memory of her parents Helenus and Augusta Maria Scott.<ref name=3June1939/><ref>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article18685280 |title=SYDNEY NEWS. |newspaper=The Maitland Mercury and Hunter River General Advertiser |location=NSW |date=28 November 1861 |access-date=11 August 2014 |page=2 |publisher=National Library of Australia}}</ref><ref name="1931SMH" /> It shows scenes representing the Annunciation, the Adoration of the Shepherds, the Baptism of Christ and the Ascension, and has been called "one of the most beautiful windows in Australia".<ref name=3June1939/><ref name="1931SMH" />

A window on the south wall is dedicated to Dr James Mitchell and his wife Augusta Mary Mitchell (Helenus Scott's sister), the parents of David Scott Mitchell.<ref name="1931SMH" /> Another of the southern windows is dedicated to John Flavelle, a prominent optician and jeweller.<ref name="1931SMH" /> Several other windows were presented by James Merriman, after whose family the nearby Merriman Street is named, one of the windows is a memorial to his son.<ref name="1931SMH" /> One of the windows on the northern wall is a memorial to William George Summerbell, and another to George Atherden.<ref name="1931SMH" />

Many of the memorials in the church are military related, although in the sanctuary there are also a number of memorials to clergy.{{sfn|Parkinson|1999|page=2}}

The architecture was considered to be of "mixed Gothic" style.<ref name=PublicBuildings/> The dimensions are approximately {{convert|100|ft|m}} by {{convert|55|ft|m}}, and the height of the walls about {{convert|45|ft|m}}.<ref name=PublicBuildings>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article12422616 |title=PUBLIC BUILDINGS. |newspaper=The Sydney Morning Herald |date=3 November 1842 |access-date=7 August 2014 |page=2 |publisher=National Library of Australia}}</ref> It is constructed with sandstone from the nearby Argyle Cut.<ref name=1965WomensWeekly/> The nave has two high arcades formed by five horseshoe arches supported by solid stone columns.<ref name="1931SMH" />

A reconstruction was undertaken in 1878, which included installing arches with a {{convert|90|foot|m}} span resting on four pillars on each side of the church.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article107934477 |title=Holy Trinity Church. |newspaper=The Evening News|location=Sydney |date=29 May 1878 |access-date=13 August 2014 |page=2 |publisher=National Library of Australia}}</ref> A renovation and restoration was completed in 1938.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article17474938 |title=GARRISON CHURCH. |newspaper=The Sydney Morning Herald |date=11 July 1938 |access-date=11 August 2014 |page=7 |publisher=National Library of Australia}}</ref>

One of the stained glass windows, depicting the Angel of Death sheltering a small child, was the subject of an Australian Christmas stamp in 1984.{{sfn|Parkinson|1999|page=15}}

=== Modifications and dates === A panel of the west gable has been sheeted in timber to cover a bell system installed 1971.<ref name=nswshr-644/> The timber sheeting was removed prior to 2019 and around the time roof was reslated.

==Rectors== *1844–1854 John Crouch Grylls<ref name=1936History/><ref name=3June1939/><ref name=1931SMH>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article16743282 |title=HOLY TRINITY CHURCH. |newspaper=The Sydney Morning Herald |date=3 January 1931 |access-date=13 August 2014 |page=7 |publisher=National Library of Australia}}</ref> *1858–1880 Edward Rogers<ref name=1907History>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article126261670 |title=AT SYDNEY'S CHURCHES. |newspaper=The Sunday Times |location=Sydney |date=1 December 1907 |access-date=11 August 2014 |page=7 Section: The Sunday Times MAGAZINE SECTION |publisher=National Library of Australia}}</ref> *1899 R. Noake<ref>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article14261977 |title=HOLY TRINITY, MILLER'S POINT. |newspaper=The Sydney Morning Herald |date=27 December 1899 |access-date=11 August 2014 |page=4 |publisher=National Library of Australia}}</ref> *1902 P. W. Dowe<ref>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article28243986 |title=HOLY TRINITY, MILLER'S POINT. |newspaper=The Sydney Morning Herald |date=31 March 1902 |access-date=11 August 2014 |page=5 |publisher=National Library of Australia}}</ref> *1904 G. S. Fielding<ref>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article14656627 |title=HOLY TRINITY. |newspaper=The Sydney Morning Herald |date=26 December 1904 |access-date=11 August 2014 |page=5 |publisher=National Library of Australia}}</ref> *1907–1912 Gerard D'Arcy-Irvine<ref name=1933HolyTrinity/><ref name=1907History/> *1921 John Done<ref>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article111852184 |title=CLERGYMAN'S DEATH. |newspaper=Moree Gwydir Examiner and General Advertiser |location=NSW |date=26 September 1921 |access-date=13 August 2014 |page=2 |publisher=National Library of Australia}}</ref> *1933–1937 Stanley Grant Best<ref>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article86047462 |title=LATE REV. S. G. BEST. |newspaper=Windsor and Richmond Gazette |location=NSW |date=11 June 1937 |access-date=11 August 2014 |page=9 |publisher=National Library of Australia}}</ref> *1941 A. W. Morton<ref>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article17746369 |title=CHANGES IN MINISTRY. |newspaper=The Sydney Morning Herald |date=5 May 1941 |access-date=11 August 2014 |page=4 |publisher=National Library of Australia}}</ref> *1941 C. K. Hammond<ref name=1941History>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article17742567 |title=CHURCH ANNIVERSARY. |newspaper=The Sydney Morning Herald |date=23 June 1941 |access-date=11 August 2014 |page=4 |publisher=National Library of Australia}}</ref> *1965 Allan Yuill<ref name=1965WomensWeekly/>

==Ministry== Records dating back to the 1840s record a history of charitable giving by the church in response to regional emergencies including the 1848 sinking of the steamer ''Sovereign'', and the 1851 Gundagai floods.<ref name=3June1939/> Collections were taken in aid of the poor in the parish.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article14261977 |title=HOLY TRINITY, MILLER'S POINT. |newspaper=The Sydney Morning Herald |date=27 December 1899 |access-date=13 August 2014 |page=4 |publisher=National Library of Australia}}</ref>

The church has hosted events for a number of other organizations, including the Naval Brigade in 1905,<ref>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article113285589 |title=NAVAL BRIGADE AT TRINITY CHURCH. |newspaper=The Evening News|location=Sydney |date=23 October 1905 |access-date=13 August 2014 |page=6 |publisher=National Library of Australia}}</ref> and a five-day campaign of the Sydney University Evangelical Union in 1940.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article17652996 |title=UNIVERSITY EVANGELICAL UNION. |newspaper=The Sydney Morning Herald |date=2 March 1940 |access-date=13 August 2014 |page=22 |publisher=National Library of Australia}}</ref>

==Notable attendees== *Dame Eadith Walker was baptised at the Garrison Church, and Sir George Reid and Sir Edmund Barton both reportedly received part of their education in the associated school hall.<ref name=1936History/> *Glenn McGrath and Jane McGrath's wedding was at the Garrison Church, as was Jane's funeral.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Ramachandran|first1=Arjun|title=Wedding to funeral: Glenn's grim day at the Garrison|url=http://www.smh.com.au/news/national/wedding-to-funeral-glenns-grim-day-at-the-garrison/2008/06/24/1214073228778.html|access-date=11 August 2014|work=Sydney Morning Herald|date=25 June 2008}}</ref>

== Heritage listing == As at 17 July 2007, Holy Trinity Anglican Church is a unique complex of church and former school hall in Sydney which is rare in New South Wales in regard to its age, architecture, and historic associations. The construction of the church and adjoining school was initiated by the Church Act of 1836; the church being completed in stages between 1840 and 1878 to designs prepared by Henry Ginn and Edmund T. Blacket in the archaeologically correct Gothic Revival style, and the school between 1846 and ca.1860. The church is one of the earliest extant ecclesiastical structures in the state, while the former school hall is a unique rare survivor of the era. Consciously sited against the rock scarp and fronting the public reserve of Argyle Place, the mid-nineteenth century setting of the church is unique. The church and its contents demonstrate the nineteenth century commercial importance of the harbourside suburb, and the political and social status of the parish. The strong support for the establishment of the church by Bishop Broughton was sustained by prominent local families. Parishioner's endowments have included the unique east window (1861) imported from the workshop of Charles Clutterbuck of London, and the locally produced Lyon and Cottier windows (1878). the former school exhibits similar associations with the nineteenth century history of this city suburb. The comparatively recent military associations of the church are of considerable social significance, while the importance of the church to the broader community of the state is demonstrated through ongoing material support by institutions such as the National Trust. More importantly the church continues to serve members of the Anglican Church.<ref name=nswshr-644-644-3>Abbreviated from Davies 2004:89</ref><ref name=nswshr-644/>

Garrison Anglican Church Precinct was listed on the New South Wales State Heritage Register on 2 April 1999 having satisfied the following criteria.<ref name=nswshr-644/>

'''The place is important in demonstrating the course, or pattern, of cultural or natural history in New South Wales.'''

Garrison Anglican Church is of State significance in demonstrating a significant historical process. The construction of the church was initiated in 1840 shortly after the passing of the Church Act of 1836. The Act provided State aid to the major church denominations for the construction of new churches, employment of ministers, etc., as such placed for the first time in the history of New South Wales each of the religions on an equal footing. The church and adjoining school hall were built through funds secured by the Anglican church under the provisions of the Act.{{sfn|Paul_Davies_Pty_Ltd|2004|page=92}}<ref name=nswshr-644/>

'''The place has a strong or special association with a person, or group of persons, of importance of cultural or natural history of New South Wales's history.'''

Garrison Anglican Church is of State significance for its associations with William Grant Broughton, Bishop of Australia. Broughton supported the establishment of the parish.<ref name=nswshr-644/>

'''The place is important in demonstrating aesthetic characteristics and/or a high degree of creative or technical achievement in New South Wales.'''

The Garrison Church is of State significance as an early example of the archaeologically correct Gothic Revival style in NSW. The eastern stained glass window is of State significance as one of the earliest instances of stained glass in NSW.{{sfn|Paul_Davies_Pty_Ltd|2004|page=93}} This early window is complemented by a set of Lyon and Cottier windows from the second half of the 19th century.<ref name=nswshr-644/>

'''The place has a strong or special association with a particular community or cultural group in New South Wales for social, cultural or spiritual reasons.'''

The Garrison Church is of State significance as a place of commemoration of the nation's military past. This is borne out by the continuing tradition of placing memorials in the Church and the use of the hall for exhibits. The Garrison Church is of local significance as a place of worship since the 1840s.<ref name=nswshr-644/>

'''The place possesses uncommon, rare or endangered aspects of the cultural or natural history of New South Wales.'''

The Garrison church is of State significant rarity as one of five extant churches built after the passing of the Church Act of 1836 with money provided by the Government. The Garrison parish hall is of State significance as a rare, possibly unique, extant example of a parochial school erected in the 1840s. The Church and hall are of State significance as the only known ecclesiastical and educational work of architect Henry Ginn. It is one of only three examples of Ginn's work extant in NSW. The stained class east window is of State significance as one of the earliest uses of stained glass in NSW (1861). Other elements of the church fittings are rare, for example the raised pulpit.<ref name=nswshr-644/>

== See also == {{stack|{{Portal|New South Wales|Christianity|Architecture}}}} * Australian non-residential architectural styles * List of Anglican churches in the Diocese of Sydney

==References== {{Reflist}}

=== Bibliography === * {{cite web|date=2007|title=Garrison Anglican Church Precinct|url=http://www.visitnsw.com.au/Operator.aspx?ProductId=9013532}} * {{cite web|author=Attraction Homepage|year=2007|title=Garrison Anglican Church Precinct|url=http://www.thegarrisonchurch.org.au/index.html|url-status=dead|access-date=2 November 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150227221322/http://www.thegarrisonchurch.org.au/index.html|archive-date=27 February 2015}} * {{cite web|publisher=City of Sydney|date=2007|title=Colony Walking Tour|url=http://www.cityofsydney.nsw.gov.au/AboutSydney/documents/VisitorGuidesInformation/WalkingTours/WalkTourColony.pdf|access-date=2 November 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121202153227/http://www.cityofsydney.nsw.gov.au/aboutsydney/documents/VisitorGuidesInformation/WalkingTours/WalkTourColony.pdf|archive-date=2 December 2012|url-status=dead}} * {{cite book|author=Paul Davies Pty Ltd|date=2004|title=Holy Trinity (Garrison) Anglican Church, Millers Point - a conservation management plan}} *{{cite book|first=Robert James|last=Parkinson|year=1999|title=Celebrating and Remembering - A walk through Holy Trinity (Garrison) Church Millers Point|publisher=Parish Council, Holy Trinity Church}}

=== Attribution === {{NSW-SHR-CC-contains|name=Garrison Anglican Church Precinct|dno=5045505|id=644|year=2018|accessdate=13 October 2018}}

==External links== {{commons category|Garrison Church, Millers Point}} *{{cite AHD|2143|Holy Trinity Anglican Church Hall, 60 Lower Fort St, Dawes Point, NSW, Australia|date=21 March 1978|access-date=2 November 2018}} *{{cite AHD|2144|The Garrison Church, Argyle Pl, Dawes Point, NSW, Austral|date=21 March 1978|access-date=2 November 2018}}

Category:Anglican church buildings in Sydney Category:Anglican Diocese of Sydney Category:Edmund Blacket buildings in Sydney Category:Edmund Blacket church buildings Millers Point Category:Millers Point, New South Wales Category:Articles incorporating text from the New South Wales State Heritage Register Category:Churches completed in 1846 Category:1846 establishments in Australia Category:New South Wales places listed on the defunct Register of the National Estate Category:Gothic Revival church buildings in Australia Category:Gothic Revival architecture in Sydney