Stipeae

{{Short description|Tribe of grasses}} {{Automatic taxobox |image = Stipa gigantea 3.JPG |image_caption = ''Celtica gigantea'' |display_parents = 3 |taxon = Stipeae |authority = Dumort. |synonyms = * supertribe Stipodae L. Liu * subtribe Stipinae Griseb. * Aciachninae Caro * Ortachninae Caro |synonyms_ref = <ref name="SorengPeterson2017"/> |subdivision_ranks = Genera |subdivision = 28 genera, see text }}

The '''Stipeae''' are a tribe of grasses within the subfamily Pooidae, with up to 600 described species.<ref>Barkworth ME, Arriaga MO, Smith JF, Jacobs SWL, Valdes-Reyna J, Bushman BS (2008) Molecules and Morphology in South American Stipeae (Poaceae). Systematic Botany 33(4), 719-731.</ref>

==Description== The defining morphological features of the Stipeae include single-flowered spikelets lacking a rachilla extension, and the lemmas (the external bract) have either a sharp point or a terminal awn (long bristle).<ref>Cialdella AM, Giussani LM, Aagesen L, Zuloaga FO, Morrone O (2007) A phylogeny of Piptochaetium (Poaceae : Pooideae : Stipeae) and related genera based on a combined analysis including trnL-F, rp116, and morphology. Systematic Botany 32(3), 545-559.</ref>

==Genera== The tribe includes 32 genera:<ref name="SorengPeterson2017">{{cite journal|last1=Soreng|first1=Robert J.|last2=Peterson|first2=Paul M.|last3=Romaschenko|first3=Konstantin|last4=Davidse|first4=Gerrit|last5=Teisher|first5=Jordan K.|last6=Clark|first6=Lynn G.|last7=Barberá|first7=Patricia|last8=Gillespie|first8=Lynn J.|last9=Zuloaga|first9=Fernando O.|title=A worldwide phylogenetic classification of the Poaceae (Gramineae) II: An update and a comparison of two 2015 classifications|journal=Journal of Systematics and Evolution|volume=55|issue=4|year=2017|pages=259–290|issn=1674-4918|doi=10.1111/jse.12262|doi-access=free|hdl=10261/240149|hdl-access=free}} {{open access}}</ref><ref>Peterson PM, Romaschenko K, Soreng RJ, Valdés Reyna J (2019) A key to the North American genera of Stipeae (Poaceae, Pooideae) with descriptions and taxonomic names for species of ''Eriocoma, Neotrinia, Oloptum'', and five new genera: ''Barkworthia, × Eriosella, Pseudoeriocoma, Ptilagrostiella'', and ''Thorneochloa''. ''PhytoKeys'' 126: 89-125. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.126.34096</ref><ref name="powo">{{cite web |title=Poaceae Barnhart |url=https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000032-2 |website=Plants of the World Online |publisher=Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew |access-date=27 October 2024}}</ref> {{columns-list|colwidth=22em| *''Achnatherum'' {{small|P.Beauv.}} (syn. ''Aristella'') *''Aciachne'' {{small|Benth.}} *''Amelichloa'' {{small|Arriaga & Barkworth}} *''Anemanthele'' {{small|Veldkamp}} *''Austrostipa'' {{small|S.W.L.Jacobs & J.Everett}} *''Barkworthia'' {{small|Romasch., P.M.Peterson & Soreng}} *''Celtica'' {{small|F.M.Vázquez & Barkworth}} *''Eriocoma'' {{small|Nutt.}} *''× Eriosella'' {{small|Romasch.}} *''Hesperostipa'' {{small|(Elias) Barkworth}} *''Jarava'' {{small|Ruiz & Pav.}} *''Lorenzochloa'' {{small|Reeder & C.Reeder}} *''Macrochloa'' {{small|Kunth}} *''Nassella'' {{small|(Trin.) É.Desv.}} *''Neotrinia'' {{small|(Tzvelev) M.Nobis, P.D.Gudkova & A.Nowak}} *''Oloptum'' {{small|Röser & Hamasha}} *''Ortachne'' {{small|Nees ex Steud.}} *''Orthoraphium'' {{small|Nees}} *''Oryzopsis'' {{small|Michx.}} *''Pappostipa'' {{small|(Speg.) Romasch., P.M.Peterson & Soreng}} *''Patis'' {{small|Ohwi}} *''Piptatheropsis'' {{small|Romasch., P.M.Peterson & Soreng}} *''Piptatherum'' {{small|P.Beauv.}} *''Piptochaetium'' {{small|J.Presl.}} *''Psammochloa'' {{small|Htchc.}} *''Pseudoeriocoma'' {{small|Romasch., P.M.Peterson & Soreng}} *''Ptilagrostiella'' {{small|Romasch., P.M.Peterson & Soreng}} *''Ptilagrostis'' {{small|Griseb.}} *''Stipa'' {{small|L.}} *''Stipellula'' {{small|Röser & Hamasha}} (syn. ''Stipella'') *''Thorneochloa'' {{small|Romasch., P.M.Peterson & Soreng}} *''Timouria'' {{small|Roshev.}} *''Trikeraia'' {{small|Bor}} }}

Many species initially placed into ''Stipa'' have now been split off into new genera. Some recent papers have analysed relationships within and between the genera,<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Barber|first1=Janet C.|last2=Hames|first2=Kasey A.|last3=Cialdella|first3=Ana Maria|last4=Giussani|first4=Liliana M.|last5=Morrone|first5=Osvaldo|title=Phylogenetic relationships of Piptochaetium Presl (Poaceae: Stipeae) and related genera reconstructed from nuclear and chloroplast sequence datasets |journal=Taxon|volume=58|issue=2|year=2009|pages=375–380|issn=0040-0262|doi=10.1002/tax.582005}} [https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Liliana_Giussani/publication/233665373_Phylogenetic_relationships_of_Piptochaetium_Presl_Poaceae_Stipeae_and_related_genera_reconstructed_from_nuclear_and_chloroplast_sequence_datasets/links/552e76700cf22d43716e78ae/Phylogenetic-relationships-of-Piptochaetium-Presl-Poaceae-Stipeae-and-related-genera-reconstructed-from-nuclear-and-chloroplast-sequence-datasets.pdf pdf]</ref><ref>Jacobs SWL, Bayer R, Everett J, Arriaga MO, Barkworth ME, Sabin-Badereau A, Torres MA, Vazquez FM, Bagnall N (2007) Systematics of the tribe Stipeae (Gramineae) using molecular data. Aliso 23, 349-361.</ref><ref>Jacobs SWL, Everett J, Barkworth ME, Hsiao C (2000) Relationships within the Stipoid grasses (Gramineae). In 'Grass Systematics and Evolution.' (Eds SWL Jacobs and J Everett) pp. 75-82. (CSIRO: Melbourne)</ref> but a complete analysis has not yet been performed. Stipoid grasses use the C3 photosynthetic pathway and live in temperate areas worldwide.<ref>{{cite journal|author=Romaschenko K, Peterson PM, Soreng RJ, Garcia-Jacas N, Futorna O, Susanna A |date=2008| title=Molecular phylogenetic analysis of the American Stipeae (Poaceae) resolves ''Jarava'' sensu lato polyphyletic: evidence for a new genus, ''Pappostipa''|journal= Journal of the Botanical Research Institute of Texas|volume= 2|issue=1|pages= 165–192|jstor=41971613}} [https://repository.si.edu/bitstream/handle/10088/6448/Romaschenko_etal_Pappostipa_highres.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y pdf]</ref>

Known fossils date from the late Miocene.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Thomasson|first1=Joseph R.|title=Berriochloa Gabeli and Berrichloa Huletti (Graminae: Stipeae), two new grass species from the late miocene Ash Hollow Formationof Nebraska and Kansas|journal=Journal of Paleontology|volume=79|issue=1|year=2005|pages=185–199|issn=0022-3360|doi=10.1666/0022-3360(2005)079<0185:BGABHG>2.0.CO;2|bibcode=2005JPal...79..185T }} [https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Joseph_Thomasson/publication/250070847_Berriochloa_gabeli_and_Berriochloa_huletti_Gramineae_Stipeae_two_new_grass_species_from_the_late_miocene_ash_hollow_formation_of_Nebraska_and_Kansas/links/56324ae608ae584878091c65/Berriochloa-gabeli-and-Berriochloa-huletti-Gramineae-Stipeae-two-new-grass-species-from-the-late-miocene-ash-hollow-formation-of-Nebraska-and-Kansas.pdf pdf]</ref>

== References == {{Reflist}}

== External links == * [https://www.delta-intkey.com/grass/www/stipa-sl.htm Stipa L. sensu lato] (''sensu lato'' refers to the tribe) ''The grass genera of the world'' website by L. Watson, T.D. Macfarlane, and M.J. Dallwitz

*{{Commons category-inline|Stipeae}} *{{Wikispecies-inline|Stipeae}}

Category:Stipeae Category:Poaceae tribes Category:Taxa described in 1824 Category:Taxa named by Barthélemy Charles Joseph Dumortier