Pyrgomorphinae

{{short description|Subfamily of grasshoppers}} {{Automatic Taxobox | name = Pyrgomorphinae | image = Grasshopper (Taphronota calliparea) female.jpg | image_caption = ''Taphronota calliparea'', Uganda | taxon = Pyrgomorphinae | authority = Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1874 | range_map = | range_map_caption = Range }} The '''Pyrgomorphinae''' are a subfamily of grasshoppers (Orthoptera : Caelifera) in the family Pyrgomorphidae. Species are found in, predominantly in the warmer regions of: Central and South America, southern Europe, Africa, Asia, Australia and Pacific Islands. The type genus is ''Pyrgomorpha'' and names dates from "Pyrgomorphiden" by Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1874. The first use of Pyrgomorphinae was by Krauss in 1890.<ref>Krauss (1890) ''Verh. der Zoologisch-Botanischen Gesellsch. Wien'' 40:271</ref>

== Tribes and genera == The ''Orthoptera Species File'' lists the following:<ref>[http://orthoptera.speciesfile.org/Common/basic/Taxa.aspx?TaxonNameID=1120337 Orthoptera Species File (retrieved 8 April 2018)]</ref>

=== Atractomorphini === Bolívar, 1905 thumb|right|''Atractomorpha lata'' # ''Atractomorpha'' Saussure, 1862 - Asia, Australia # ''Occidentosphena'' Kevan, 1956 - Africa ##''Occidentosphena ruandensis'' ##''Occidentosphena uvarovi''

=== Chlorizeinini === Kevan & Akbar, 1964; Distribution: Africa, Asia * Subtribe Chlorizeinina Kevan & Akbar, 1964 #''Chlorizeina'' Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1893 #''Feacris'' Kevan, 1969 #''Pterorthacris'' Uvarov, 1921 * Subtribe Humpatellina Kevan & Akbar, 1964 #''Cawendia'' Karsch, 1888 #''Humpatella'' Karsch, 1896 #''Pseudorubellia'' Dirsh, 1963 * Subtribe Marsabitacridina Kevan & Akbar, 1964 #''Katangacris'' Kevan & Akbar, 1964 #''Marsabitacris'' Kevan, 1957

=== Chrotogonini=== Bolívar, 1904; Distribution: Africa to central Asia #''Caconda'' {{Au|Bolívar, 1884}} #''Chrotogonus'' {{Au|Serville, 1838}} #''Micropterellus'' {{Au|Braun, 2024}} #''Shoacris'' {{Au|Kevan, 1952}} #''Stibarosterna'' {{Au|Uvarov, 1953}} #''Tenuitarsus'' {{Au|Bolívar, 1904}}

=== Desmopterini === Bolívar, 1905; Distribution: SE Asia, Australia #''Apodesmoptera'' Rehn, 1951 #''Desmoptera'' Bolívar, 1884 ## ''Desmoptera truncatipennis''<ref name="WhatBugIsThat">{{Cite web |url=http://anic.ento.csiro.au/insectfamilies/biota_details.aspx?OrderID=24892&BiotaID=46436&PageID=families |title=Orthoptera (Grasshoppers & Locusts) |accessdate=25 July 2011 |work=anic.ento.csiro.au |publisher=Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation }}</ref> #''Desmopterella'' Ramme, 1941 #''Doriaella'' Bolívar, 1898 #''Menesesia'' Willemse, 1922 #''Menesesiella'' Kevan, 1963 #''Paradoriaella'' Willemse, 1961 #''Stenoxyphellus'' Ramme, 1941 #''Stenoxyphula'' Kevan, 1963 #''Stenoxyphus'' Blanchard, 1853

=== Dictyophorini === Kirby, 1902; Distribution: Africa [[File:Probably mature and Immature Dictyophorus Cedarberg South Africa.jpg|right|thumb|Mature and immature ''Dictyophorus spumans'' photographed in the Cedarberg in South Africa]] #''Camoensia'' #''Dictyophorus'': including ''Dictyophorus spumans'' #''Loveridgacris'' #''Maura'' #''Parapetasia''

=== Monistriini === Kevan & Akbar, 1964; Distribution: Australia [[File:Kioloa cricket stack.jpg|thumb|''Monistria concinna'']] #''Greyacris'' ## ''Greyacris profundesulcata''<ref name="WhatBugIsThat"/> #''Monistria'' #''Parastria'' ## ''Parastria reticulata'' #''Pileolum'' ## ''Pileolum kirbyi'' #''Yeelanna'' ## ''Yeelanna argus'' ## ''Yeelanna pavonina''

=== Omurini === Kevan, 1961; Distribution: South America #''Algete'' Bolívar, 1905 #''Minorissa'' Walker, 1870 #''Omura'' Walker, 1870

=== Petasidini === Key, 1985; Distribution: Australia #''Petasida'': monotypic ''P. ephippigera'' (Leichhardt's grasshopper)<ref name="WhatBugIsThat"/><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.ces.csiro.au/aicn/name_s/b_3200.htm|title = 2. Petasida ephippigera White}}</ref> #''Scutillya'': monotypic ''S. verrucosa'' (Giant spotted pyrgomorph)<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.ces.csiro.au/aicn/system/c_3852.htm|title = 3. Scutillya verrucosa Sjöstedt}}</ref>

=== Phymateini === Bolívar, 1884; Distribution: Africa (incl. Madagascar), China [[File:Variegated grasshopper (Zonocerus variegatus) nymph.jpg|right|thumb|Variegated grasshopper (''Zonocerus variegatus'') nymph, Ghana]] #''Paraphymateus'' #''Phymateus'' #''Physemophorus'' #''Phyteumas'' #''Rutidoderes'' #''Zonocerus''

=== Poekilocerini === Burmeister, 1840; Distribution: Africa, India, Indo-China, Malesia, PNG #''Poekilocerus'' Serville, 1831

=== Psednurini === Burr, 1904; Distribution: Australia #''Propsednura'' ## ''Propsednura eyrei'' ## ''Propsednura peninsularis'' #''Psedna'' ## ''Psedna nana'' #''Psednura'' ## ''Psednura longicornis'' ## ''Psednura musgravei'' ## ''Psednura pedestris''

=== Pseudomorphacridini === Kevan & Akbar, 1964; Distribution: Indo-China #''Pseudomorphacris'' {{Au|Carl, 1916}}

=== Pyrgomorphini === Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1874; distribution: Africa, Southern Europe, W. Asia through to Indochina ;subtribe Arbusculina Kevan, Akbar & Chang, 1975 (Cambodia) # ''Arbuscula'' Bolívar, 1905 monotypic ''Arbuscula cambodjiana'' Bolívar, 1905 ;subtribe Geloiodina Kevan, Akbar & Chang, 1975 (W African islands) # ''Geloiodes'' Chopard, 1958 ;subtribe Parasphenina Kevan & Akbar, 1964 (Africa) # ''Afrosphena'' Kevan, 1956 # ''Afrosphenella'' Kevan & Akbar, 1963 # ''Chirindites'' Ramme, 1929 # ''Parasphena'' Bolívar, 1884 # ''Parasphenella'' Kevan, 1956 # ''Parasphenula'' Kevan, 1956 # ''Pezotagasta'' Uvarov, 1953 # ''Stenoscepa'' Karsch, 1896 ;subtribe Pyrgomorphina Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1874 # ''Anarchita'' Bolívar, 1904 # ''Carinisphena'' Kevan, 1966 # ''Laufferia'' Bolívar, 1904 # ''Leptea'' Bolívar, 1904 # ''Macroleptea'' Kevan, 1962 # †''Miopyrgomorpha'' Kevan, 1964 # ''Ochrophlebia'' Stål, 1873 # ''Ochrophlegma'' Bolívar, 1904 # ''Phymella'' Uvarov, 1922 # ''Plerisca'' Bolívar, 1904 # ''Protanita'' Kevan, 1962 # ''Punctisphena'' Kevan, 1961 # ''Pyrgomorpha'' Serville, 1838 # ''Pyrgomorphella'' Bolívar, 1904 # ''Pyrgomorphellula'' Kevan & Hsiung, 1988 # ''Pyrgomorphula'' Kevan & Akbar, 1963 # ''Scabropyrgus'' Kevan, 1962 # ''Somalopyrgus'' Kevan & Akbar, 1964 # ''Tanita'' Bolívar, 1904 # ''Tanitella'' Kevan, 1962 # ''Zarytes'' Bolívar, 1904

=== Schulthessiini === Kevan & Akbar, 1964; Distribution: Madagascar #''Buyssoniella'' {{Au|Bolívar, 1905}} #''Schulthessia'' {{Au|Bolívar, 1905}}

=== Sphenariini === Bolívar, 1884 - Central America, Africa, China * Subtribe Mekongianina {{Au|Kevan & Akbar, 1964}} #''Mekongiana'' {{Au|Uvarov, 1940}} #''Mekongiella'' {{Au|Kevan, 1966}} #''Yunnanites'' {{Au|Uvarov, 1925}} * Subtribe Rubelliina {{Au|Kevan & Akbar, 1964}} #''Rubellia'' {{Au|Stål, 1875}} * Subtribe Sphenariina {{Au|Bolívar, 1884}} #''Jaragua'' {{Au|Perez-Gelabert, Dominici & Hierro, 1995}} #''Prosphena'' {{Au|Bolívar, 1884}} #''Sphenarium'' {{Au|Charpentier, 1845}} * Subtribe Sphenexiina {{Au|Kevan & Akbar, 1964}} #''Sphenexia'' {{Au|Karsch, 1896}} #''Xenephias'' {{Au|Kevan, 1973}}

=== Tagastini === Bolívar, 1905; Distribution: SE Asia #''Annandalea'' {{Au|Bolívar, 1905}} #''Tagasta'' {{Au|Bolívar, 1905}}

=== Taphronotini === Bolívar, 1904; Distribution: Africa, India, Indo-China thumb|right|''Aularches miliaris'' #''Aularches'' {{Au|Stål, 1873}}; monotypic: ''A. miliaris'' #''Taphronota'' {{Au|Stål, 1873}}

=== Tribe not assigned === All genera are monotypic: * ''Eilenbergia: E. sagitta'' {{Au|Mason, 1979}} * ''Megalopyrga: M. monochroma'' {{Au|Baccetti, 1985}} * ''Paramekongiella: P. zhongdianensis'' {{Au|Huang, 1990}} * ''Xiphipyrgus: X. tunstalli'' {{Au|Kevan, 1982}}

==References== {{reflist}}

== External links == *{{commonscat inline}} *{{wikispecies inline}} {{taxonbar|from=Q21231754}}

Category:Orthoptera subfamilies Category:Pyrgomorphidae