Sochiapam Chinantec

{{short description|Language}} {{Infobox language | name = Sochiapam | nativename = | states = Mexico | region = Oaxaca | ethnicity = 6,300 Chinantecs (no date)<ref name=e16>{{e16|cso}}</ref> | speakers = 3,600 | date = 2000 | ref = e18 | familycolor = oto-manguean | fam1 = Oto-Mangue | fam2 = Western Oto-Mangue | fam3 = Oto-Pame–Chinantecan | fam4 = Chinantec | iso3 = cso | glotto = soch1239 | glottorefname = Sochiapam Chinantec }}

'''Sochiapam''' ({{IPAc-en|s|oʊ|ˈ|tʃ|i:|ə|p|æ|m}} {{respell|soh|CHEE|ə|pam}}) is a Chinantec language of Mexico. It is most similar to Tlacoatzintepec Chinantec, with which it has 66% intelligibility (intelligibility in the reverse direction is 75%, presumably due to greater familiarity in that direction).<ref name="e18"/>

Sochiapam has seven tones: high, mid, low, high falling, mid falling, mid rising, low rising.<ref>[http://www.sil.org/mexico/chinanteca/sochiapam/00i-ChinantecoSochiapam-cso.htm Sochiapan Chinantec (SIL-Mexico)]</ref> {{Verify source|date=June 2024}}

Like other Chinantec and Mazatec languages, Sochiapam Chinantec is noted for having whistled speech (produced only by men, but understood by all). More unusually, it has also been reported to have a rare marked absolutive case system.{{citation needed|date=April 2015}}

== Phonology == {{update|date=December 2020}} The following are sounds of Sochiapan Chinantec:<ref>Foris, David. (1973). Sochiapan Chinantec Syllable Structure. ''International Journal of American Linguistics, 39''(4), 232-235.</ref>

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |+ Consonants ! colspan="2" | ! Labial ! Interdental ! Alveolar ! Retroflex ! Velar ! Laryngeal |- ! colspan="2" | Nasal | {{IPA link|m}} | | {{IPA link|n}} | | {{IPA link|ŋ}} | |- ! rowspan="2" | Stop ! {{small|voiceless}} | {{IPA link|p}} | | {{IPA link|t}} | | {{IPA link|k}} | {{IPA link|ʔ}} |- ! {{small|voiced}} | | | | | ({{IPA link|ɡ}}) | |- ! colspan="2" | Affricate | | | {{IPA link|ts}} | | | |- ! rowspan="2" | Fricative ! {{small|voiceless}} | ({{IPA link|ɸ}}) | {{IPA link|θ}} | {{IPA link|s}} | | | {{IPA link|h}} |- ! {{small|voiced}} | {{IPA link|β}} | {{IPA link|ð}} | | {{IPA link|ʐ}} | | |- ! rowspan="2" | Liquid ! {{small|lateral}} | | | {{IPA link|l}} | | | |- ! {{small|rhotic}} | | | ({{IPA link|ɾ}}) | | | |} :1. Parenthesised sounds are loans, allophones, or free variants :2. /p, t, k/ tends to be slightly aspirated :3. Alveolar and velar consonants are palatalised before the semivowel /j/

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |+ Vowels ! rowspan="2" | ! rowspan="2" | Front ! rowspan="2" | Central ! colspan="2" | Back |- ! {{small|unrounded}} ! {{small|rounded}} |- ! High | {{IPA link|i}} | | {{IPA link|ɨ}} | {{IPA link|u}} |- ! Mid | {{IPA link|e}} | | {{IPA link|ɘ}} | {{IPA link|o}} |- ! Low | | {{IPA link|a}} | | |}

;Tones {{empty section|date=December 2020}}

==References== {{reflist}} * Foris, David Paul. 2000. ''A grammar of Sochiapam Chinantec''. ''Studies in Chinantec languages'' 6. Dallas: SIL International and UT Arlington.

==External links== * A whistled conversation in [http://www.sil.org/mexico/chinanteca/sochiapam/13i-Conversacion-cso.htm Sochiapan Chinantec (SIL-Mexico)] * A documentary on Sochiapam Chinantec Whistled Speech [http://vimeo.com/57291304 (Whistles in the Mist)] *[https://ailla.utexas.org/islandora/object/ailla:242622 Sochiápam Chinantec Whistled Speech Collection of Mark Sicoli] at the Archive of the Indigenous Languages of Latin America

Category:Chinantec languages Category:Whistled languages