{{short description|Commune in French Guiana, France}} {{Infobox French commune |name = Sinnamary |commune status = Commune |image = Sinnamary.jpg |map size = 220px |adjustable map = Locator map of Sinnamary 2022.png |map caption = Location of the commune (in red) within French Guiana |arrondissement = Cayenne |canton = |INSEE = 97312 |postal code = 97315 |mayor = Michel-Ange Jeremie<ref>{{cite web|title=Répertoire national des élus: les maires|url=https://www.data.gouv.fr/fr/datasets/r/2876a346-d50c-4911-934e-19ee07b0e503|publisher=data.gouv.fr, Plateforme ouverte des données publiques françaises|date=4 May 2022|language=fr}}</ref> |term = 2020–2026 |intercommunality = CC des Savanes |coordinates = {{coord|5.3774|-52.9596|format=dms|display=inline,title}} |elevation m = |elevation min m = |elevation max m = |area km2 = 1340 |population = {{France metadata Wikidata|population_total}} |population date = {{France metadata Wikidata|population_as_of}} |population footnotes = {{France metadata Wikidata|population_footnotes}} }}
'''Sinnamary''' ({{IPA|fr|sinamaʁi}}; {{langx|gcr|label=French Guianese Creole|Sennmari}}) is a town and commune on the coast of French Guiana, between Kourou and Iracoubo. Sinnamary was the second French settlement founded in French Guiana: the town was founded in 1664.<ref name="scielo">{{cite web|url=https://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1981-81222009000200007|title=The journal of Lourens Lourenszoon and his 1618-1625 stay among the Arocouros on the lower Cassiporé River, northern Amapá Sate, Brazil|website=Scientific Electronic Library Online|access-date=1 June 2020}}</ref>
Sinnamary lies on the Sinnamary River and is home to the Guianan Soyuz launch site. In 1792, the first prison for priests and political enemies was constructed in Sinnamary. The town contains an Indonesian community,<ref name="lonely">{{cite web|url=https://www.lonelyplanet.com/sinnamary-around|title=Sinnamary Around|website=Lonely Planet|access-date=1 June 2020}}</ref> as well as a Galibi Amerindian community.<ref name="petite_fute"/> Both communities produce artwork and jewellery that can be purchased.<ref name="lonely"/> The main hotel in Sinnamary is the Hôtel du Fleuve.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://la1ere.francetvinfo.fr/guyane/coronavirus-l-hotel-du-fleuve-a-sinnamary-devenu-batiment-fantome-825268.html|title=Coronavirus : l’Hôtel Du Fleuve à Sinnamary devenu bâtiment fantôme|language=fr|access-date=1 June 2020|website=Guyane la 1ère}}</ref>
==History== thumb|left|Galileo launch (2011) The first colonists arrived in the area in 1624,<ref name="petite_fute">{{cite web|url=https://www.petitfute.com/v36627-sinnamary-97315/|title=Sinnamary|website=Petit Futé|access-date=1 June 2020|language=fr}}</ref> however the town of Sinnamary was officially established in 1664.<ref name="scielo"/> Sinnamary was taken twice by the Dutch, and once by the British,<ref name="petite_fute"/> until in 1763, it was awarded to France by the Treaty of Paris.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/travel/destinations/southamerica/7479362/Guyana-Surinam-and-French-Guiana-a-guide-for-beginners.html|title=Guyana, Suriname and French Guiana: a guide for beginners|website=Telegraph.co.uk|access-date=1 June 2020|url-access=subscription}}</ref> In 1764, about 40 families of Acadians, still living in exile after the Grand Dérangement nine years earlier, settled in Sinnamary.<ref name="Cherubini 2009 pp. 147–172">{{cite journal | last=Cherubini | first=Bernard | title=Les Acadiens en Guyane (1765–1848) : une « société d’habitation » à la marge ou la résistance d’un modèle d’organisation sociale | journal=Port Acadie | issue=13-14-15 | date=2009-10-27 | issn=1498-7651 | doi=10.7202/038426ar | pages=147–172 | url=https://www.erudit.org/en/journals/pa/2008-n13-14-15-pa3491/038426ar/ | language=fr | access-date=2021-08-14| doi-access=free }}</ref> In 1792 during the French Revolution, the first prison for priests and political enemies opened in Sinnamary<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.catholic.com/encyclopedia/french-revolution|title=French Revolution|website=Catholic Encyclopedia|access-date=2 June 2020}}</ref> which was a precursor of the penal colony of French Guiana.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.historyisnowmagazine.com/blog/2014/10/19/the-story-of-the-worlds-most-infamous-penal-system-ever|title=The Story of the world's most infamous penal system ever|access-date=2 June 2020|website=History is Now Magazine}}</ref> After Napoleon reintroduced slavery in 1802,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.napoleon.org/en/history-of-the-two-empires/articles/bullet-point-9-napoleon-bring-back-slavery/|title=Bullet Point #9 – Why did Napoleon bring back slavery?|website=Napoleon.org|access-date=1 June 2020}}</ref> the town started to grow, and the discovery of gold caused a second boom.<ref name="petite_fute"/>
The Guianan Soyuz launch site is situated within the territory of the Sinnamary commune.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cnes-csg.fr/web/CNES-CSG-fr/9792-ensemble-de-lancement-soyouz.php|title=L'ensemble de lancement Soyouz |website=Centre Spatial Guyanais|access-date=1 June 2020|language=fr}}</ref> Colloquially the site and/or project are thus sometimes called "Soyuz at Sinnamary".<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.elcomercio.com/tendencias/ciencia/inicios-prometedores-del-cohete-soyuz.html|title=Inicios prometedores del cohete Soyuz lejos de Rusia para lanzar Galileo|website=El Comercio|access-date=1 June 2020|language=es|quote=Ecuadorian newspaper using "Soyez en Sinnamary"}}</ref> However, because most other facilities of the Centre Spatial Guyanais are in the neighbouring and more populous Kourou commune, and because the entire CSG itself is thus often called the Kourou space centre, the Guianan Soyuz site/project is also occasionally called "Soyuz at Kourou", even though this is technically incorrect.
== Sports == The town is home to US Sinnamary who play at the {{ill|Stade Omnisports (French Guiana)|fr|Stade omnisports de Sinnamary|lt=Stade Omnisports}} which has a capacity of 2,500 people.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://int.soccerway.com/teams/french-guyana/us-sinnamary/16506/|title=US Sinnamary|website=int.soccerway|access-date=3 June 2020}}</ref>
==Geography== ===Climate=== Sinnamary has a tropical monsoon climate (Köppen climate classification ''Am''). The average annual temperature in Sinnamary is {{cvt|26.9|C}}. The average annual rainfall is {{cvt|3020.0|mm}} with May as the wettest month. The temperatures are highest on average in October, at around {{cvt|27.6|C}}, and lowest in January, at around {{convert|26.3|C}}. The highest temperature ever recorded in Sinnamary was {{cvt|35.7|C}} on 6 November 2008; the coldest temperature ever recorded was {{cvt|18.7|C}} on 17 March 2003. {{Weather box |collapsed=y |location= Sinnamary (1991–2020 averages, extremes 1980−2013) |metric first= Y |single line= Y |Jan record high C = 33.2 |Feb record high C = 33.0 |Mar record high C = 33.2 |Apr record high C = 33.8 |May record high C = 33.5 |Jun record high C = 33.4 |Jul record high C = 34.0 |Aug record high C = 34.8 |Sep record high C = 35.5 |Oct record high C = 35.6 |Nov record high C = 35.7 |Dec record high C = 34.5 |year record high C = 35.7 |Jan high C = 29.7 |Feb high C = 29.7 |Mar high C = 30.1 |Apr high C = 30.3 |May high C = 30.3 |Jun high C = 30.7 |Jul high C = 31.5 |Aug high C = 32.1 |Sep high C = 32.9 |Oct high C = 33.1 |Nov high C = 32.3 |Dec high C = 30.7 |year high C = 31.1 |Jan mean C = 26.3 |Feb mean C = 26.4 |Mar mean C = 26.7 |Apr mean C = 26.9 |May mean C = 26.9 |Jun mean C = 26.8 |Jul mean C = 26.9 |Aug mean C = 27.2 |Sep mean C = 27.5 |Oct mean C = 27.6 |Nov mean C = 27.3 |Dec mean C = 26.8 |year mean C = 26.9 |Jan low C = 23.0 |Feb low C = 23.1 |Mar low C = 23.2 |Apr low C = 23.5 |May low C = 23.4 |Jun low C = 22.8 |Jul low C = 22.3 |Aug low C = 22.3 |Sep low C = 22.1 |Oct low C = 22.1 |Nov low C = 22.4 |Dec low C = 22.8 |year low C = 22.8 |Jan record low C = 18.8 |Feb record low C = 19.0 |Mar record low C = 18.7 |Apr record low C = 20.0 |May record low C = 19.8 |Jun record low C = 19.7 |Jul record low C = 20.0 |Aug record low C = 19.4 |Sep record low C = 19.5 |Oct record low C = 19.8 |Nov record low C = 19.2 |Dec record low C = 19.6 |year record low C = 18.7 |precipitation colour = green |Jan precipitation mm = 327.3 |Feb precipitation mm = 274.4 |Mar precipitation mm = 254.7 |Apr precipitation mm = 424.4 |May precipitation mm = 508.4 |Jun precipitation mm = 410.5 |Jul precipitation mm = 192.3 |Aug precipitation mm = 99.6 |Sep precipitation mm = 44.3 |Oct precipitation mm = 51.7 |Nov precipitation mm = 124.4 |Dec precipitation mm = 308.0 |year precipitation mm = 3020.0 |unit precipitation days = 1.0 mm |Jan precipitation days = 20.9 |Feb precipitation days = 18.6 |Mar precipitation days = 18.8 |Apr precipitation days = 21.5 |May precipitation days = 25.7 |Jun precipitation days = 24.9 |Jul precipitation days = 18.7 |Aug precipitation days = 10.4 |Sep precipitation days = 4.8 |Oct precipitation days = 6.8 |Nov precipitation days = 12.5 |Dec precipitation days = 21.6 |year precipitation days = 205.2 |source 1 = Météo-France<ref>{{cite web | url = https://donneespubliques.meteofrance.fr/FichesClim/FICHECLIM_97312006.pdf | title=Fiche Climatologique Statistiques 1991-2020 et records | language = fr | publisher = Météo-France | access-date = September 6, 2022}}</ref>}}
===Transport=== Sinnamary can be reached by the National Route 1 between Saint-Laurent-du-Maroni and Cayenne.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://infoterre.brgm.fr/rapports/RR-37434-FR.pdf|title=Déviation routière de la RNl Contoumement Sud-Ouest de Sinnamary (Guyane Française)|date=June 1993|access-date=1 June 2020|language=fr|website=Info Terre BRGM}}</ref>
Sinnamary is served by the Sinnamary Airport.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://airportguide.com/airport/info/SOOY|title=Sinnamary Airport|access-date=1 June 2020|website=Airport Guide}}</ref>
==Nature== Crique et Pripri Yiyi is a {{convert|284|km2}} protected area and wetland located in the commune.<ref name="inpn">{{cite web|url=https://inpn.mnhn.fr/espace/protege/FR1100390 |title=FR1100390 - Crique Et Pripri Yiyi |website=Inventaire National du Patrimoine Naturel |access-date=17 March 2021|language=fr}}</ref>
==Population== {{Historical populations |source = INSEE<ref name=pophist>[https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/8643952?geo=COM-97312#tableau-POPREF_G1 Population municipale entre 1968 et 2023], INSEE</ref> |percentages = pagr |align = none |1967 |1913 |1974 |2055 |1982 |1991 |1990 |3431 |1999 |2783 |2007 |3110 |2012 |3088 |2017 |2919 |2023 |2756 }}
==Notable people== * Jean-Victor Castor (1962), politician<ref>{{Cite news |title=Législatives 2022 : ce qu'il faut savoir sur Jean-Victor Castor, candidat dans la 1ère circonscription de Guyane |url=https://la1ere.francetvinfo.fr/guyane/legislatives-2022-ce-qu-il-faut-savoir-sur-jean-victor-castor-candidat-dans-la-1ere-circonscription-de-guyane-1294648.html |access-date=20 June 2022 |website=Guyane la 1ère |language=fr-FR}}</ref> * Jean-Claude Darcheville (1975), football player<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.lequipe.fr/Football/FootballFicheJoueur4107.html|title=Jean-Claude Darcheville|website=L'Equipe|access-date=1 June 2020|language=fr}}</ref> * Marvin Torvic (1988), football player<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sport.de/fussball/pe382408/marvin-torvic/ |title=Marvin Torvic|website=Sport.de|access-date=10 February 2021|language=de}}</ref>
==See also== *Communes of French Guiana *Guiana Space Center *Malmanoury, former village expropriated for the Guiana Space Center *Petit-Saut Dam, gravity dam on the Sinnamary River
==References== {{reflist}}
==External links== * [http://www.ville-sinnamary.fr/ Official website] (in French) {{commons category|position=left}}
{{Communes of French Guiana|state=expanded}}
{{authority control}}
Category:Communes of French Guiana Category:Sinnamary