{{Short description|Tribe of flowering plants in the broomrape family}} {{Automatic taxobox |image = Yellow-rattle close 700.jpg |image_caption = ''Rhinanthus minor'' |taxon = Rhinantheae |synonyms_ref = <ref name="Kadereit2012"/> |synonyms = * Pedicularidae <small>Duby 1828</small> * Euphrasieae <small>Benth. 1846</small> * Euphrasiaceae <small>Martynov 1820</small> * Melampyraceae <small>Rich. ex Hook. & Lindl. 1821</small> |subdivision_ranks = Genera |subdivision_ref = <ref name="McNeal2013"/> |subdivision = See text. }}
'''Rhinantheae''' is a tribe with fewer than 20 genera of herbaceous plants in the family Orobanchaceae.<ref name="McNeal2013"/>
== Phylogeny == The phylogeny of the genera of Rhinantheae has been explored using DNA markers.<ref name="Tesitel2010"/><ref name="Scheunert2012"/> Three assemblages can be distinguished in this tribe: * ''Rhinanthus'' is the sister genus to ''Lathraea'', and then to ''Rhynchocorys''. These taxa are closely related to the core Rhinanteae. * In the core Rhinantheae, ''Odontites'' sensu lato, including ''Bornmuellerantha'' and ''Bartsiella'', is the sister genus to ''Bellardia'', including ''Parentucellia'' and ''Bartsia canescens'' + ''B. mutica''. These taxa are closely related to ''Hedbergia'' (including ''Bartsia decurva'' + ''B. longiflora'') and ''Tozzia''. In turn, these genera share phylogenetic affinities with ''Euphrasia'', and then with ''Bartsia'' sensu stricto (''Bartsia alpina''). * ''Melampyrum'' occupies an isolated, deep-branching position. <br> {{cladogram | title=Genus-level cladogram of the Rhinantheae. | caption=The cladogram has been reconstructed from nuclear and plastid DNA molecular characters (ITS, ''rps16'' intron and ''trnK'' region).<ref name="Scheunert2012"/><ref name="Tesitel2010"/> | align=center | cladogram={{Cladogram of Rhinantheae genera}} }} <br> The median crown age of Rhinantheae was estimated to be ca. 30 Myr.<ref name="UribeConvers2015">{{Cite journal |last1=Uribe-Convers |first1= Simon |last2=Tank |first2=David C. |date=2015-11-01 |title=Shifts in diversification rates linked to biogeographic movement into new areas: An example of a recent radiation in the Andes |journal=American Journal of Botany |language=en |volume=102 |issue=11 |pages=1854–1869 |doi=10.3732/ajb.1500229 |pmid= 26542843 |issn=0002-9122|doi-access=free |url=https://www.biorxiv.org/content/biorxiv/early/2015/08/17/019554.full.pdf }}</ref>
== Systematics == Rhinantheae is defined as the least inclusive crown clade that includes ''Pterygiella nigrescens'', ''Rhinanthus cristagalli'', ''Melampyrum pratense'', and ''Tozzia alpina''.<ref name="McNeal2013"/> It comprises 19 genera. * ''Bartsia'' * ''Bartsiella'' * ''Bellardia'' * ''Bornmuellerantha'' * ''Euphrasia'' * ''Hedbergia'' * ''Lathraea'' * ''Macrosyringion'' * ''Melampyrum'' * ''Nothobartsia'' * ''Odontitella'' * ''Odontites'' * ''Parentucellia'' * ''Pseuodbartsia'' * ''Pterygiella'' * ''Rhinanthus'' * ''Rhynchocorys'' * ''Tozzia'' * ''Xizangia''
== References == {{Reflist|refs= <ref name="Kadereit2012">{{Cite book |last=Kadereit |first=Joachim W. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WRH2CAAAQBAJ&pg=PA421 |title=Flowering Plants · Dicotyledons: Lamiales (except Acanthaceae including Avicenniaceae) |date=2012-12-06 |pages=421 |publisher=Springer Science & Business Media |isbn=978-3-642-18617-2 |language=en }}</ref> <ref name="McNeal2013">{{cite journal|last1=McNeal|first1=J. R.|last2=Bennett|first2=J. R.|last3=Wolfe|first3=A. D.|last4=Mathews|first4=S.|title=Phylogeny and origins of holoparasitism in Orobanchaceae|journal=American Journal of Botany|volume=100|issue=5|year=2013|pages=971–983|issn=0002-9122|doi=10.3732/ajb.1200448|pmid=23608647}}</ref> <ref name="Scheunert2012">{{Cite journal |last1=Scheunert |first1=Agnes |last2=Fleischmann |first2=Andreas |last3=Olano-Marín |first3=Catalina |last4=Bräuchler |first4=Christian |last5=Heubl |first5=Günther |date=2012-12-14 |title=Phylogeny of tribe Rhinantheae (Orobanchaceae) with a focus on biogeography, cytology and re-examination of generic concepts |journal=Taxon |volume=61 |issue=6 |pages=1269–1285|doi=10.1002/tax.616008 }}</ref> <ref name="Tesitel2010">{{Cite journal |last1=Těšitel |first1=Jakub |last2=Říha |first2=Pavel |last3=Svobodová |first3=Šárka |last4=Malinová |first4=Tamara |last5=Štech |first5=Milan |date=2010-10-28 |title=Phylogeny, Life History Evolution and Biogeography of the Rhinanthoid Orobanchaceae |journal=Folia Geobotanica |language=en |volume=45 |issue=4 |pages=347–367 |doi=10.1007/s12224-010-9089-y |s2cid=39873516 |issn=1211-9520}}</ref> }}
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Category:Orobanchaceae Category:Asterid tribes Category:Parasitic plants