Flower chafer

{{short description|Subfamily of beetles}} {{Automatic taxobox | name = Flower chafer | image = Cetoinedoree.jpg | image_caption = ''Cetonia aurata'', the green rose chafer | taxon = Cetoniinae | authority = Leach, 1815 }}

'''Flower chafers''' are a group of scarab beetles comprising the subfamily '''Cetoniinae'''. Many species are diurnal and visit flowers for pollen and nectar or to browse on the petals. Some species also feed on fruit. The group is also called '''fruit and flower chafers''', '''flower beetles''', and '''flower scarabs'''. Around 4,000 species are known, but many of them are still undescribed.

Ten tribes currently are recognized: Cetoniini, Cremastocheilini, Diplognathini, Goliathini, Gymnetini, Phaedimini, Schizorhinini, Stenotarsiini, Taenioderini, and Xiphoscelidini. The tribes Trichiini and Valgini have been elevated in rank to subfamily,<ref name=catlife/><ref name="Bouchard_et_al_2011">{{cite journal |last1=Bouchard |first1=P. |last2=Bousquet |first2=Y. |last3=Davies |first3=A. |last4=Alonso-Zarazaga |first4=M. |last5=Lawrence |first5=J. |last6=Lyal |first6=C. |last7=Newton |first7=A. |last8=Reid |first8=C. |last9=Schmitt |first9=M. |last10=Ślipiński |first10=A. |last11=Smith |first11=A. |date=2011 |title=Family-group names in Coleoptera (Insecta) |journal=ZooKeys |issue=88 |pages=1–972 |doi=10.3897/zookeys.88.807 |pmc=3088472 |pmid=21594053 |doi-access=free|bibcode=2011ZooK...88....1B }}</ref> but later research re-included them in Cetoniinae.<ref name=":COL">{{cite web |last= Schoolmeesters|first= P.|date= 2025|title= ''Cetoniinae'' at Catalogue of Life|url=https://www.catalogueoflife.org/data/taxon/8RYQB|website= World Scarabaeidae Database (version 2025-10-07). In O. Bánki, Y. Roskov, M. Döring, G. Ower, D. R. Hernández Robles, C. A. Plata Corredor, T. Stjernegaard Jeppesen, A. Örn, T. Pape, D. Hobern, S. Garnett, H. Little, R. E. DeWalt, J. Miller, T. Orrell, & R. Aalbu, Catalogue of Life (2026-01-16).|location= Amsterdam, Netherlands|publisher= Catalogue of Life Foundation|access-date=May 12, 2026}}</ref> The tribe Gymnetini has the most species of the American tribes, and Goliathini contains the largest species and is mainly found in the rainforest regions of Africa.

==Description== Adult flower chafers are usually brightly coloured beetles, often metallic, and somewhat flattened in shape. The insertions of the antennae are visible from above, while the mandibles and labra are hidden by the clypeus. The elytra lack a narrow, membranous margin and are truncated to expose the pygidium. The abdominal spiracles are diverging so that several lie on the abdominal sternites with at least one exposed. The fore coxae are conical and produced ventrally, while the mid coxae are transverse or only slightly oblique. The mesothoracic epimera is visible from above. The tarsi are each equipped with a pair of simple (not forked) tarsal claws of subequal size.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Australian Faunal Directory |url=https://biodiversity.org.au/afd/taxa/Cetoniinae |access-date=2022-12-08 |website=biodiversity.org.au |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=Subfamily Cetoniinae - Fruit and Flower Chafers |url=https://bugguide.net/node/view/12434 |access-date=2022-12-08 |website=bugguide.net}}</ref>

A feature possessed by adults of many flower chafers, especially the Cetoniini, is lateral emmargination of the elytra.<ref name=":2">{{Cite journal |last1=Šípek |first1=Petr |last2=Fabrizi |first2=Silvia |last3=Eberle |first3=Jonas |last4=Ahrens |first4=Dirk |date=2016 |title=A molecular phylogeny of rose chafers (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Cetoniinae) reveals a complex and concerted morphological evolution related to their flight mode |url=https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1055790316300938 |journal=Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution |language=en |volume=101 |pages=163–175 |doi=10.1016/j.ympev.2016.05.012|pmid=27165937 |bibcode=2016MolPE.101..163S |url-access=subscription }}</ref>

Larvae are stout-bodied and very hairy with short legs. The head is partly covered by the prothorax. Each antenna has its apical segment as wide as the penultimate segment. The galea and lacinia are used to form a mala. The anal cleft is transverse. The mandible has a ventral stridulating area. The labrum is symmetrical with a deeply pigmented notch on each side of the midline.<ref name=":0" />

==Biology== Adult cetoniines are herbivorous, being found on flowers (from which they consume nectar and pollen), tree sap, and rotting fruit. Larvae generally live and feed in decaying plant matter (including decaying wood) or soil. In captivity, cetoniine larvae feed on soft fruit.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" />

Many species in the tribe Cremastocheilini are known to be predaceous, feeding on hymenopteran larvae or soft-bodied nymphs of Auchenorrhyncha. ''Spilophorus'' species have been noted as feeding on the nesting material and excrement of South African passerine birds,<ref>{{cite book|editor1-last=Shipley|editor1-first=A. E.|editor2-last=Marshall|editor2-first=Guy A. K.|title=The Fauna of British India|date=1910|publisher=Taylor and Francis|location=London, Calcutta and Bombay|page=201|url=https://archive.org/stream/coleopteralamell01arro/coleopteralamell01arro_djvu.txt}}</ref> while ''Spilophorus maculatus'' has been recorded feeding on ''Oxyrhachis tarandus'' nymphs<ref>{{cite journal|title=A remarkable predacious cetoniid, ''Spilophorus maculatus'' (Gory & Percheron), from southern India (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae)|author=Ghorpade, K.D.|journal=The Coleopterists Bulletin|volume= 29| issue=4|year=1975|pages=226–230|doi=10.5962/p.372723 |jstor=3999660|doi-access=free}}</ref> and ''Hoplostomus fuligineus'' is known to feed on the brood of honey bees in South Africa and the pupae of the wasp ''Belonogaster petiolata''. ''Campsiura javanica'' feeds on the larvae of ''Ropalidia montana'' in southern India.<ref>{{cite journal|title=Beetles (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae) in a social wasp nest (Hymenoptera, Vespidae) in India|author=Jeanne, Robert L. & J. H. Hunt|journal=Entomologist's Monthly Magazine|year=1992|volume=128|pages=139–141|url=http://www4.ncsu.edu/~jhhunt/JeanneBeetles.pdf|access-date=2014-10-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304055501/http://www4.ncsu.edu/~jhhunt/JeanneBeetles.pdf|archive-date=2016-03-04|url-status=dead}}</ref> ''Cremastocheilus stathamae'' feeds on ants of the genus ''Myrmecocystus''.<ref>{{cite journal|author=Cazier, M.A. & Marjorie Statham|year=1962|title=The behaviour and habits of the myrmecophilous scarab, ''Cremastocheilus stathamae'' Cazier, with notes on other species (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae).|journal= J. New York Entomol. Soc. |volume=70|pages=125–149}}</ref>

In terms of movement, adults are considered some of the best flyers among beetles. They can hover above and land on flowers or fruit. When threatened by predators, they escape by either performing a rush take-off or by falling toward the ground and then flying before impact. Many cetoniines fly with their elytra closed, as their hindwings can unfold and slide out under the elytra during flight (due to the emmargination of the elytra).<ref name=":2" />

Larvae of some taxa can crawl on their backs using their tergal folds, which are covered in strong bristles. Others crawl on their legs.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":2" />

==Systematics and taxonomy== [[File:Mecynorhina-ugandensis.jpg|thumb|upright 0.8|''Mecynorhina ugandensis'']] [[File:Protaetic cuprea ignicollis 2023-03-22 IZE-066 zoom.jpg|thumb|''Protaetia cuprea ignicollis'']] [[File:Ischnocelis_hoepfneri_MHNT.ZOO.2004.0.320.jpg|thumb|upright 0.8|''Ischnoscelis hoepfneri'']] [[File:Gymnetis_stellata_MHNT.ZOO.2004.0.429.jpg|thumb|upright 0.8|''Gymnetis stellata'']] The following list contains the genera and subtribes in ten tribes of subfamily Cetoniinae, according to Catalogue of Life and Scarabaeidae of the World (2026).<ref name=catlife/> *Cetoniini Leach, 1815 (1.310 species) *Cremastocheilini Burmeister & Schaum, 1841 (451 species) *Cryptodontini Lacordaire, 1855 (23 species) *Diplognathini Burmeister, 1842 (145 species) *Goliathini Latreille, 1829 (536 species) *Gymnetini Kirby, 1827 (269 species) *Incini Burmeister, 1842 (17 species) *Osmodermatini Schenkling, 1922 (14 species) *Phaedimini Schoch, 1894 (60 species) *Platygeniini Krikken, 1984 (4 species) *Schizorhinini Burmeister, 1842 (479 species) *Stenotarsiini Kraatz, 1880 (382 species) *Taenioderini Mikšić, 1976 (366 species) *Trichiini Fleming, 1821 (356 species) *Valgini Mulsant, 1842 (362 species) *Xiphoscelidini Burmeister, 1842 (42 species)

The following list contains the genera and subtribes in ten tribes of subfamily Cetoniinae, according to Catalogue of Life and Scarabaeidae of the World (2023).<ref name=catlife/> ===Cetoniini=== Authority: Leach, 1815 * Subtribe Cetoniina Leach, 1815 {{div col|colwidth=20em}} # ''Aethiessa'' Burmeister, 1842 # ''Anatona'' Burmeister, 1842 # ''Anelaphinis'' Kolbe, 1892 # ''Aphelinis'' Antoine, 1987 # ''Atrichelaphinis'' Kraatz, 1898 # ''Atrichiana'' Distant, 1911 # ''Badizoblax'' Thomson, 1877 # ''Centrantyx'' Fairmaire, 1884 # ''Cetonia'' Fabricius, 1775 # ''Chewia'' Legrand, 2004 # ''Chiloloba'' Burmeister, 1842 # ''Cosmesthes'' Kraatz, 1880 # ''Cosmiophaena'' Kraatz, 1898 # ''Dischista'' Burmeister, 1842 # ''Dolichostethus'' Kolbe, 1892 # ''Elaphinis'' Burmeister, 1842 # ''Enoplotarsus'' Lucas, 1859 # ''Erlangeria'' Preiss, 1902 # ''Gametis'' Burmeister, 1842 # ''Gametoides'' Antoine, 2005 # ''Glycosia'' Schoch, 1896 # ''Glycyphana'' Burmeister, 1842 # ''Gymnophana'' Arrow, 1910 # ''Hemiprotaetia'' Mikšić, 1963 # ''Heterocnemis'' Albers, 1852 # ''Heterotephraea'' Antoine, 2002 # ''Lorkovitschia'' Mikšić, 1968 # ''Marmylida'' Thomson, 1880 # ''Mireia'' Ruter, 1953 # ''Niphobleta'' Kraatz, 1880 # ''Pachnoda'' Burmeister, 1842 # ''Pachnodoides'' Alexis & Delpont, 2002 # ''Pachytephraea'' De Palma & Malec, 2020 # ''Paleopragma'' Thomson, 1880 # ''Paranelaphinis'' Antoine, 1988 # ''Paraprotaetia'' Moser, 1907 # ''Pararhabdotis'' Kraatz, 1899 # ''Parastraella'' Antoine, 2005 # ''Paraxeloma'' Holm, 1988 # ''Parelaphinis'' Marais & Holm, 1989 # ''Phaneresthes'' Kraatz, 1894 # ''Phonotaenia'' Kraatz, 1880 # ''Phoxomeloides'' Schoch, 1898 # ''Podopholis'' Moser, 1915 # ''Podopogonus'' Moser, 1917 # ''Pogonopus'' Arrow, 1910 # ''Polystalactica'' Kraatz, 1882 # ''Protaetia'' Burmeister, 1842 # ''Protaetiomorpha'' Mikšić, 1968 # ''Pseudotephraea'' Kraatz, 1882 # ''Reineria'' Mikšić, 1968 # ''Rhabdotis'' Burmeister, 1842 # ''Rhabdotops'' Krikken, 1981 # ''Rhyxiphloea'' Burmeister, 1842 # ''Ruteraetia'' Krikken, 1980 # ''Simorrhina'' Kraatz, 1886 # ''Somalibia'' Lansberge, 1882 # ''Stalagmosoma'' Burmeister, 1842 # ''Systellorrhina'' Kraatz, 1895 # ''Tephraea'' Burmeister, 1842 # ''Thyreogonia'' Reitter, 1898 # ''Trichocephala'' Moser, 1916 # ''Tropinota'' Mulsant, 1842 # ''Walsternoplus'' Allsopp, Jákl & Rey, 2023 # ''Xeloma'' Kraatz, 1881 {{div col end}} * Subtribe Euphoriina Horn, 1880 # ''Chlorixanthe'' Bates, 1889 # ''Euphoria'' Burmeister, 1842 * Subtribe Leucocelina Kraatz, 1882 {{div col|colwidth=20em}} # ''Acrothyrea'' Kraatz, 1882 # ''Alleucosma'' Schenkling, 1921 # ''Amaurina'' Kolbe, 1895 # ''Analleucosma'' Antoine, 1989 # ''Cyrtothyrea'' Kolbe, 1895 # ''Discopeltis'' Burmeister, 1842 # ''Grammopyga'' Kolbe, 1895 # ''Heteralleucosma'' Antoine, 1989 # ''Homothyrea'' Kolbe, 1895 # ''Leucocelis'' Burmeister, 1842 # ''Lonchothyrea'' Kolbe, 1895 # ''Mausoleopsis'' Lansberge, 1882 # ''Mecaspidiellus'' Antoine, 1997 # ''Molynoptera'' Kraatz, 1897 # ''Molynopteroides'' Antoine, 1989 # ''Oxythyrea'' Mulsant, 1842 # ''Paleira'' Reiche, 1871 # ''Paralleucosma'' Antoine, 1989 # ''Phoxomela'' Schaum, 1844 # ''Pseudalleucosma'' Antoine, 1989 # ''Pseudooxythyrea'' Baraud, 1985 {{div col end}} ===Cremastocheilini=== Authority: Burmeister & Schaum, 1841 * Subtribe Aspilina Krikken, 1984 # ''Aspilochilus'' Rojkoff, 2013 # ''Aspilus'' Westwood, 1874 # ''Protochilus'' Krikken, 1976 * Subtribe Coenochilina Burmeister, 1842 # ''Arielina'' Rossi, 1958 # ''Astoxenus'' Péringuey, 1907 # ''Basilewskynia'' Schein, 1957 # ''Coenochilus'' Schaum, 1841 * Subtribe Cremastocheilina Burmeister & Schaum, 1841 {{div col| colwidth=25em}} # ''Centrochilus'' Krikken, 1976 # ''Clinterocera'' Motschulsky, 1857 # ''Cremastocheilus'' Knoch, 1801 # ''Cyclidiellus'' Krikken, 1976 # ''Cyclidinus'' Westwood, 1874 # ''Cyclidius'' MacLeay, 1838 # ''Genuchinus'' Westwood, 1874 # ''Lissomelas'' Bates, 1889 # ''Paracyclidius'' Howden, 1971 # ''Platysodes'' Westwood, 1874 # ''Psilocnemis'' Burmeister, 1842 {{div col end}} * Subtribe Cymophorina Krikken, 1984 # ''Cymophorus'' Kirby, 1827 # ''Myrmecochilus'' Wasmann, 1900 # ''Rhagopteryx'' Burmeister, 1842 * Subtribe Genuchina Krikken, 1984 # ''Genuchus'' Kirby, 1825 # ''Meurguesia'' Ruter, 1969 # ''Problerhinus'' Deyrolle, 1864 * Subtribe Goliathopsidina Krikken, 1984 # ''Goliathopsis'' Janson, 1881 * Subtribe Heterogeniina Krikken, 1984 # ''Heterogenius'' Moser, 1911 # ''Pseudastoxenus'' Bourgoin, 1921 * Subtribe Lissogeniina Krikken, 1984 # ''Chthonobius'' Burmeister, 1847 # ''Lissogenius'' Schaum, 1844 * Subtribe Macromina Burmeister & Schaum, 1842 # ''Brachymacroma'' Kraatz, 1896 # ''Campsiura'' Hope, 1831 # ''Macromina'' Westwood, 1874 # ''Pseudopilinurgus'' Moser, 1918 * Subtribe Nyassinina Krikken, 1984 # ''Nyassinus'' Westwood, 1879 * Subtribe Oplostomina Krikken, 1984 # ''Anatonochilus'' Péringuey, 1907 # ''Oplostomus'' MacLeay, 1838 # ''Placodidus'' Péringuey, 1900 # ''Scaptobius'' Schaum, 1841 * Subtribe Pilinurgina Krikken, 1984 # ''Callynomes'' Mohnike, 1873 # ''Centrognathus'' Guérin-Méneville, 1840 # ''Parapilinurgus'' Arrow, 1910 # ''Periphanesthes'' Kraatz, 1880 # ''Pilinurgus'' Burmeister, 1842 # ''Priska'' Jákl, 2018 * Subtribe Spilophorina Krikken, 1984 # ''Spilophorus'' Westwood, 1848 * Subtribe Telochilina Krikken, 1984 # ''Telochilus'' Krikken, 1975 * Subtribe Trichoplina Krikken, 1984 # ''Lecanoderus'' Kolbe, 1907 # ''Trichoplus'' Burmeister, 1842 * Subtribe Trogodina Krikken, 1984 # ''Pseudoscaptobius'' Krikken, 1976 # ''Trogodes'' Boheman, 1857 ===Diplognathini=== Authority: Burmeister, 1842; selected genera: * ''Diplognatha'' Gory & Percheron, 1833 * ''Odontorrhina'' Burmeister, 1842 * ''Trichostetha'' Burmeister, 1842

===Goliathini=== Authority: Latreille, 1829 * Subtribe Dicronocephalina Krikken, 1984 # ''Dicronocephalus'' {{Au|Hope, 1831}} # ''Platynocephalus'' {{Au|Westwood, 1854}} * Subtribe Goliathina Latreille, 1829 # ''Fornasinius'' Bertoloni, 1852 # ''Goliathus'' Lamarck, 1801 # ''Hegemus'' Thomson, 1881 # ''Hypselogenia'' Burmeister, 1840 * Subtribe Ichnestomina Burmeister, 1842 # ''Gariep'' Péringuey, 1907 # ''Ichnestoma'' Gory & Percheron, 1833 # ''Karooida'' Perissinotto, 2020 # ''Mzansica'' Perissinotto, 2020 * Subtribe Coryphocerina Burmeister, 1842<ref>{{cite journal|first1=Patrice|last1=Bouchard|first2=Yves|last2=Bousquet|first3=Anthony E.|last3=Davies|first4=Miguel A.|last4=Alonso-Zarazaga|first5=John F.|last5=Lawrence|first6=Chris H. C.|last6=Lyal|first7=Alfred F.|last7=Newton|first8=Chris A. M.|last8=Reid|first9=Michael|last9=Schmitt|first10=S. Adam|last10=Ślipiński|first11=Andrew B. T.|last11=Smith|year=2011|title=Family-group names in Coleoptera (Insecta)|journal=ZooKeys|issue=88|pages=1–972|doi=10.3897/zookeys.88.807|doi-access=free|pmc=3088472|pmid=21594053|bibcode=2011ZooK...88....1B }}</ref> {{div col| colwidth=25em}} # ''Anagnathocera'' Arrow, 1922 # ''Anisorrhina'' Westwood, 1842 # ''Asthenorhella'' Westwood, 1874 # ''Asthenorhina'' Westwood, 1843 # ''Bietia'' Fairmaire, 1898 # ''Caelorrhina'' Hope, 1841 # ''Cheirolasia'' Westwood, 1842 # ''Chloresthia'' Fairmaire, 1905 # ''Chlorocala'' Kirby, 1828 # ''Chondrorrhina'' Kraatz, 1880 # ''Compsocephalus'' White, 1845 # ''Cosmiomorpha'' Saunders, 1852 # ''Cyphonocephalus'' Westwood, 1842 # ''Desfontainesia'' Alexis & Delpont, 1999 # ''Dicellachilus'' Waterhouse, 1905 # ''Dicheros'' Gory & Percheron, 1833 # ''Dicronorhina'' Hope, 1837 # ''Diphyllomorpha'' Hope, 1843 # ''Dymusia'' Burmeister, 1842 # ''Euchloropus'' Arrow, 1907 # ''Eudicella'' White, 1839 # ''Eutelesmus'' Waterhouse, 1880 # ''Gnathocera'' Kirby, 1825 # ''Gnorimimelus'' Kraatz, 1880 # ''Hemiheterorrhina'' Mikšić, 1974 # ''Herculaisia'' Seilliere, 1910 # ''Heterorhina'' Westwood, 1842 # ''Ingrisma'' Fairmaire, 1893 # ''Ischnoscelis'' Burmeister, 1842 # ''Jumnos'' Saunders, 1839 # ''Lansbergia'' Ritsema, 1888 # ''Lophorrhina'' Westwood, 1842 # ''Lophorrhinides'' Perissinotto, Clennell & Beinhundner, 2019 # ''Mawenzhena'' Alexis & Delpont, 2001 # ''Mecynorhina'' Hope, 1837 # ''Moseriana'' Ruter, 1965 # ''Mystroceros'' Burmeister, 1842 # ''Narycius'' Dupont, 1835 # ''Neomystroceros'' Alexis & Delpont, 1998 # ''Neophaedimus'' Lucas, 1870 # ''Neoscelis'' Schoch, 1897 # ''Pedinorrhina'' Kraatz, 1880 # ''Plaesiorrhina'' Westwood, 1842  # ''Petrovitzia'' Mikšić, 1965 # ''Priscorrhina'' Krikken, 1984 # ''Pseudodiceros'' Mikšić, 1974 # ''Pseudotorynorrhina'' Mikšić, 1967 # ''Ptychodesthes'' Kraatz, 1883 # ''Raceloma'' Thomson, 1877 # ''Rhamphorrhina'' Klug, 1855 # ''Rhinarion'' Ruter, 1965 # ''Rhomborhina'' Hope, 1837 # ''Scythropesthes'' Kraatz, 1880 # ''Smicorhina'' Westwood, 1847 # ''Spelaiorrhina'' Lansberge, 1886 # ''Stephanorrhina'' Burmeister, 1842 # ''Taurhina'' Burmeister, 1842 # ''Tmesorrhina'' Westwood, 1841 # ''Torynorrhina'' Arrow, 1907 # ''Trichoneptunides'' Legrand, 2001 # ''Trigonophorinus'' Pouillaude, 1913 # ''Trigonophorus'' Hope, 1831 {{div col end}}

===Gymnetini=== Authority: Kirby, 1827 * Subtribe Blaesiina Schoch, 1895 # ''Blaesia'' Burmeister, 1842 # ''Halffterinetis'' Morón & Nogueira, 2007 * Subtribe Gymnetina Kirby, 1827 {{div col| colwidth=25em}} # ''Allorrhina'' Burmeister, 1842 # ''Amazula'' Kraatz, 1882 # ''Amithao'' Thomson, 1878 # ''Argyripa'' Thomson, 1878 # ''Astroscara'' Schürhoff, 1937 # ''Badelina'' Thomson, 1880 # ''Balsameda'' Thomson, 1880 # ''Chiriquibia'' Bates, 1889 # ''Clinteria'' Burmeister, 1842 # ''Clinteroides'' Schoch, 1898 # ''Cotinis'' Burmeister, 1842 - (Green June Beetles) # ''Desicasta'' Thomson, 1878 # ''Guatemalica'' Neervoort Van De Poll, 1886 # ''Gymnephoria'' Ratcliffe, 2019 # ''Gymnetina'' Casey, 1915 # ''Gymnetis'' MacLeay, 1819 # ''Hadrosticta'' Kraatz, 1892 # ''Heterocotinis'' Martinez, 1948 # ''Hologymnetis'' Martinez, 1949 # ''Hoplopyga'' Thomson, 1880 # ''Hoplopygothrix'' Schürhoff, 1933 # ''Howdenypa'' Arnaud, 1993 # ''Jansonia'' Schürhoff, 1937 # ''Macrocranius'' Schürhoff, 1935 # ''Madiana'' Ratcliffe & Romé, 2019 # ''Marmarina'' Kirby, 1827 # ''Neocorvicoana'' Ratcliffe & Mico, 2001 # ''Pseudoclinteria'' Kraatz, 1882 # ''Stethodesma'' Bainbridge, 1840 # ''Tiarocera'' Burmeister, 1842 {{div col end}} ===Phaedimini=== Authority: Schoch, 1894 # ''Hemiphaedimus'' Mikšić, 1972 # ''Phaedimus'' Waterhouse, 1841 # ''Philistina'' MacLeay, 1838 # ''Theodosia'' Thomson, 1880 ===Schizorhinini=== Authority: Burmeister, 1842 * Subtribe Lomapterina Burmeister, 1842 # ''Agestrata'' Eschscholtz, 1829 # ''Ischiopsopha'' Gestro, 1874 # ''Lomaptera'' Gory & Percheron, 1833 # ''Macronota'' Hoffmannsegg, 1817 # ''Megaphonia'' Schürhoff, 1933 # ''Morokia'' Janson, 1905 # ''Mycterophallus'' Neervoort Van De Poll, 1886 # ''Thaumastopeus'' Kraatz, 1885 * Subtribe Schizorhinina Burmeister, 1842 {{div col| colwidth=25em}} # ''Anacamptorrhina'' Blanchard, 1842 # ''Aphanesthes'' Kraatz, 1880 # ''Aurum'' Hutchinson & Moeseneder, 2019 # ''Axillonia'' Krikken, 2018 # ''Bisallardiana'' Antoine, 2003 # ''Chalcopharis'' Heller, 1902 # ''Chlorobapta'' Kraatz, 1880 # ''Chondropyga'' Kraatz, 1880 # ''Clithria'' Burmeister, 1842 # ''Diaphonia'' Newman, 1840 # ''Dichrosoma'' Kraatz, 1885 # ''Digenethle'' Thomson, 1877 # ''Dilochrosis'' Thomson, 1878 # ''Eupoecila'' Burmeister, 1842 # ''Grandaustralis'' Hutchinson & Moeseneder, 2013 # ''Hemichnoodes'' Kraatz, 1880 # ''Hemipharis'' Burmeister, 1842 # ''Kerowagia'' Delpont, 1996 # ''Lenosoma'' MacLeay, 1863 # ''Lyraphora'' Kraatz, 1880 # ''Macrotina'' Strand, 1934 # ''Metallesthes'' Kraatz, 1880 # ''Microdilochrosis'' Jákl, 2009 # ''Microlomaptera'' Kraatz, 1885 # ''Micropoecila'' Kraatz, 1880 # ''Navigator'' Moeseneder & Hutchinson, 2016 # ''Neoclithria'' Neervoort Van De Poll, 1886 # ''Neorrhina'' Thomson, 1878 # ''Octocollis'' Moeseneder & Hutchinson, 2012 # ''Panglaphyra'' Kraatz, 1880 # ''Peotoxus'' Krikken, 1983 # ''Poecilopharis'' Kraatz, 1880 # ''Pseudoclithria'' Neervoort Van De Poll, 1886 # ''Rigoutorum'' Hutchinson & Moeseneder, 2022 # ''Schizorhina'' Kirby, 1825 # ''Schochidia'' Berg, 1898 # ''Stenopisthes'' Moser, 1913 # ''Storeyus'' Hasenpusch & Moeseneder, 2010 # ''Tafaia'' Valck Lucassens, 1939 # ''Tapinoschema'' Thomson, 1880 # ''Territonia'' Krikken, 2018 # ''Trichaulax'' Kraatz, 1880 {{div col end}} ===Stenotarsiini=== Authority: Kraatz, 1880 * Subtribe Anochiliina Krikken, 1984 # ''Anochilia'' Burmeister, 1842 # ''Epistalagma'' Fairmaire, 1880 * Subtribe Chromoptiliina Krikken, 1984 # ''Chromoptilia'' Westwood, 1842 # ''Descarpentriesia'' Ruter, 1964 * Subtribe Coptomiina Schenkling, 1921 {{div col| colwidth=25em}} # ''Bricoptis'' Burmeister, 1842 # ''Coptomia'' Burmeister, 1842 # ''Coptomiopsis'' Pouillaude, 1919 # ''Eccoptomia'' Kraatz, 1880 # ''Euchilia'' Burmeister, 1842 # ''Euryomia'' Burmeister, 1842 # ''Heterocranus'' Bourgoin, 1919 # ''Hiberasta'' Fairmaire, 1901 # ''Hyphelithia'' Kraatz, 1880 # ''Liostraca'' Burmeister, 1842 # ''Micreuchilia'' Pouillaude, 1917 # ''Micropeltus'' Blanchard, 1842 # ''Pareuchilia'' Kraatz, 1880 # ''Pygora'' Burmeister, 1842 # ''Pyrrhopoda'' Kraatz, 1880 # ''Vieuella'' Ruter, 1964 {{div col end}} * Subtribe Doryscelina Schenkling, 1921 # ''Doryscelis'' Burmeister, 1842 # ''Epixanthis'' Burmeister, 1842 # ''Hemiaspidius'' Krikken, 1982 # ''Pararhynchocephala'' Paulian, 1991 # ''Parepixanthis'' Kraatz, 1893 # ''Pseudepixanthis'' Kraatz, 1880 # ''Rhynchocephala'' Fairmaire, 1883 * Subtribe Euchroeina Paulian & Descarpentries, 1982 # ''Euchroea'' Burmeister, 1842 * Subtribe Heterophanina Schoch, 1894 # ''Heterophana'' Burmeister, 1842 # ''Oxypelta'' Pouillaude, 1920 # ''Pogoniotarsus'' Kraatz, 1880 # ''Pogonotarsus'' Burmeister, 1842 # ''Zebinus'' Fairmaire, 1894 * Subtribe Heterosomatina Krikken, 1984 # ''Heterosoma'' Schaum, 1844 # ''Plochilia'' Fairmaire, 1896 * Subtribe Pantoliina Krikken, 1984 {{div col| colwidth=25em}} # ''Bonoraella'' Ruter, 1978 # ''Celidota'' Burmeister, 1842 # ''Cyriodera'' Burmeister, 1842 # ''Dirrhina'' Burmeister, 1842 # ''Hemilia'' Kraatz, 1880 # ''Lucassenia'' Olsoufieff, 1940 # ''Melanchroea'' Kraatz, 1900 # ''Moriaphila'' Kraatz, 1880 # ''Pantolia'' Burmeister, 1842 # ''Tetraodorhina'' Blanchard, 1842 {{div col end}} * Subtribe Parachiliina Krikken, 1984 # ''Parachilia'' Burmeister, 1842 * Subtribe Stenotarsiina Kraatz, 1880 # ''Callipechis'' Burmeister, 1842 # ''Ischnotarsia'' Kraatz, 1880 # ''Rhadinotaenia'' Kraatz, 1900 # ''Stenotarsia'' Burmeister, 1842 # ''Vadonidella'' Ruter, 1973 ===Taenioderini=== Authority: Mikšić, 1976 * Subtribe Chalcotheina Mikšić, 1976 {{div col| colwidth=25em}} # ''Anocoela'' Moser, 1914 # ''Chalcothea'' Burmeister, 1842 # ''Chalcotheomima'' Mikšić, 1970 # ''Clerota'' Burmeister, 1842 # ''Glyptothea'' Bates, 1889 # ''Glyptotheomima'' Mikšić, 1976 # ''Hemichalcothea'' Mikšić, 1970 # ''Microchalcothea'' Moser, 1910 # ''Paraplectrone'' Mikšić, 1985 # ''Penthima'' Kraatz, 1892 # ''Plectrone'' Wallace, 1867 # ''Pseudochalcothea'' Ritsema, 1882 # ''Pseudochalcotheomima'' Mikšić, 1985 {{div col end}} * Subtribe Taenioderina Mikšić, 1976 {{div col| colwidth=25em}} # ''Bacchusia'' Mikšić, 1976 # ''Bombodes'' Westwood, 1848 # ''Carneluttia'' Mikšić, 1976 # ''Coilodera'' Hope, 1831 # ''Costinota'' Schürhoff, 1933 # ''Eumacronota'' Mikšić, 1976 # ''Euremina'' Westwood, 1867 # ''Euselates'' Thomson, 1880 # ''Gnorimidia'' Lansberge, 1887 # ''Ixorida'' Thomson, 1880 # ''Macronotops'' Krikken, 1977 # ''Meroloba'' Thomson, 1880 # ''Pleuronota'' Kraatz, 1892 # ''Stenonota'' Fairmaire, 1889 # ''Taeniodera'' Burmeister, 1842 # ''Xenoloba'' Bates, 1889 {{div col end}} ===Xiphoscelidini=== Authority: Krikken, 1984; selected genera: * ''Rhinocoeta'' Burmeister, 1842 * ''Xiphoscelis'' Burmeister, 1842 * ''Xiphosceloides'' Holm, 1992

==References== {{Reflist| refs= <ref name=catlife> {{Cite web| title=Cetoniinae Leach, 1815 | url=https://www.catalogueoflife.org/data/taxon/8RYQB | website=Catalogue of Life | access-date=2023-09-24 }}</ref> }} *Evans, Arthur W. [https://web.archive.org/web/20080430150156/http://www-museum.unl.edu/research/entomology/Guide/Scarabaeoidea/Scarabaeidae/Cetoniinae/Cetoniinae-Overview/CetoniinaeO.html Generic Guide to New World Scarabs] *Orozco, Jesus. [https://web.archive.org/web/20091019153951/http://geocities.com/hparfin/ American Cetoniinae] *Sakai, K. & S. Nagai, 1998. ''The cetoniine Beetles of the Wor''ld. Tokyo: Mushi-Sha. 421p Excellent illustrations of most species. *White, Richard E. (1998). ''Beetles : A Field Guide to the Beetles of North America''. Boston: Houghton Mifflin. {{ISBN|0-395-91089-7}}.

==External links== {{Wikispecies|Cetoniinae}} {{Commons category|Cetoniinae}} * [http://www.goliathus.com/en/en-cetonidae.html Gallery of flower beetles] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20070929174533/http://www.ipmeurope.org/download/key_scarabs.pdf Illustrated key to South Asian chafers] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20070829132841/http://www.faunanet.gov.au/wos/factfile.cfm?Fact_ID=160 Punctate Flower Chafer Factfile] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20130928111020/http://www.coleoptera.wz.cz/galerie2E.htm WZCZ] Gallery * [https://web.archive.org/web/20080705200937/http://www.hier-krabbelts.de/kaeferlatein/publikationen.htm Kaferlatein] African Cetoniinae website. Literature page. * [https://www.flickr.com/search/?q=cetoniinae&m=text flickr] tagged images. * [http://www.nature-of-oz.com/cetoniinae.htm Flower beetles of Israel] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130927102509/http://www.nature-of-oz.com/cetoniinae.htm |date=2013-09-27 }} by Oz Rittner

{{DEFAULTSORT:Flower Chafer}} Category:Scarabaeidae Category:Cetoniinae  Category:Polyphaga subfamilies