{{Short description|Species of butterfly}} {{Speciesbox | image = Parides proneus-1.jpg | image_caption = ''Parides proneus'' observed in Brazil | image2 = MZLU-00129338 (51055348213).jpg | image2_caption = ''Parides proneus'' MZLU | genus = Parides | species = proneus | authority = (Hübner, [1831]) | synonyms = *''Hectorides proneus'' <small>Hübner, [1831]</small> *''Papilio phryneus'' <small>Lucas, 1852</small> *''Papilio fallax'' <small>Röber, 1925</small> }}
'''''Parides proneus''''' is a species of butterfly in the family Papilionidae. It is found in Brazil and Paraguay.
==Description== Males and females:both wings with narrow white band, the red submarginal spots of the hindwing straight or slightly curved; anal spot not v-shaped. No discal spot proximal of the anal submarginal one. Width of central band and the number of spots composing it on hindwing variable.<ref> Jordan, K., in Seitz, A. ( 1907) . ''The Macrolepidoptera of the World''. 5: The Macrolepidoptera of the American faunistic region. Papilionidae 1-45. {{PD-notice}}</ref> A full description is provided by Rothschild, W. and Jordan, K. (1906).<ref name="RothJord">Rothschild, W. & Jordan, K. (1906). [https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/21926#page/8/mode/2up "A revision of the American Papilios"]. ''Novitates Zoologicae''. '''13''': 411-752. (Facsimile edition ed. P.H. Arnaud, 1967) {{PD-notice}}</ref>
==Life cycle== The larva feeds on ''Aristolochia melastoma''.
==Taxonomy== ''Parides phalaecus'' is a member of the ''ascanius'' species group<ref name="RothJord"/> <ref>Edwin Möhn, 2007 ''Butterflies of the World'', Part 26: Papilionidae XIII. ''Parides'' Verlag Goecke & Evers Verlag Goecke & Evers {{ISBN|9783937783277}}</ref> ("Fringe-spots white. Hindwing with submarginal spots and usnally also discal spots or dots, or a discal band; a quadrate whitish spot in space 2 of the forewing; mostly with tail). A quadrate whitish spot in space 2 of the forewings is quite peculiar of the ''ascanius group''<ref>Racheli, Tommaso an Olmisani. Luca 1998. A cladistic analysis of the genus ''Parides'' Hubner, [1819], based on androconial structures (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae). ''Neue Ent. Nachr''. (Marktleuthen),41:119-131.[http://www.zobodat.at/stable/pdf/Neue-Entomologische-Nachrichten_41_0119-0131.pdf pdf]</ref>
The members are :*''Parides agavus'' <small>(Drury, 1782)</small> :*''Parides alopius'' <small>(Godman & Salvin, [1890])</small> :*''Parides ascanius'' <small>(Cramer, [1775])</small> :*''Parides bunichus'' <small>(Hübner, [1821])</small> :*''Parides gundlachianus'' <small>(C. & R. Felder, 1864)</small> :*''Parides montezuma'' <small>(Westwood, 1842)</small> :*''Parides phalaecus'' <small>(Hewitson, 1869)</small> :*''Parides photinus'' <small>(Doubleday, 1844)</small> :*''Parides proneus'' <small>(Hübner, [1831])</small>
==Status== A common species and not known to be threatened.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Collins |first1=N. Mark |last2=Morris |first2=Michael G. |title=Threatened Swallowtail Butterflies of the World: The IUCN Red Data Book |url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/98674#page/7/mode/1up |year=1985 |publisher=IUCN |location=Gland & Cambridge |isbn=978-2-88032-603-6 |via=Biodiversity Heritage Library}}</ref>
==References== {{Reflist}}
*Möhn, Edwin (2006). ''Schmetterlinge der Erde.'' Butterflies of the World Part XXVI (26), Papilionidae XIII. ''Parides''. Edited by Erich Bauer and Thomas Frankenbach Keltern: Goecke & Evers; Canterbury: Hillside Books. {{ISBN|978-3-937783-27-7}} (Supplement 13 in English - by Racheli)
==External links== *[http://en.butterflycorner.net/Parides-proneus.1451.0.html Butterfly Corner]{{Dead link|date=August 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} Images from Naturhistorisches Museum Wien *[http://www.butterfliesofamerica.com/L/parides_proneus_types.htm Images] of the type specimen
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Category:Butterflies described in 1831 proneus Category:Swallowtail butterflies of South America Category:Taxa named by Jacob Hübner Category:Lepidoptera of Brazil