{{Short description|Family of gastropods}} {{Automatic taxobox |fossil_range = Cretaceous(?)<ref>Mahmoud, L.G. Etudes paleontologiques sur la fauna Cretacique du Massif du Moghara (Sinai-Egypte). Publications de I'Institut du Desert d'Egypte 8, 1956</ref> - Recent |image = Planaxis lineatus DaCosta, 1778 (4311229091).jpg |image_caption = An apertural view of a shell of ''Angiola fasciata''. |taxon = Planaxidae |authority = Gray, 1850 |synonyms_ref = |synonyms = |type_species = |display_parents = 3 }}
'''Planaxidae''', commonly called '''planaxids''' or '''clusterwinks''', are a taxonomic family of small and minute sea snails, pantropical marine gastropod molluscs in the superfamily Cerithioidea. They live on rocky shores in the littoral zone of the tropics and subtropics.<ref name=Beechey>{{cite web |url=http://seashellsofnsw.org.au/Planaxidae/Pages/Planaxidae_intro.htm |title=Family Planaxidae |author=Beechey, Des |year=2008 |work=The Seashells of New South Wales |access-date=2014-12-21}}</ref>
==Characteristics== Planaxids are known as clusterwinks because of their habit of clustering together in concealed, moist locations when the tide is out. They have conical shells resembling periwinkles, except for the wide, shallow anterior canals. They brood their embryos in a chamber behind their heads, releasing them into the sea as veliger larvae to form part of the plankton.<ref name=Beechey/>
== Subfamilies == The following two subfamilies are recognized in the taxonomy of Bouchet & Rocroi (2005): *Planaxinae Gray, 1850 *Fossarinae A. Adams, 1860 - previously in a family of its own, named Fossaridae
==Genera== The family Planaxidae comprises the following genera:<ref name="Houbrick">Houbrick R. S. (1987). "Anatomy, Reproductive Biology, and Phylogeny of the Planaxidae (Cerithiacea: Prosobranchia)". ''Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology'' '''445'''.</ref> The following genera are recognised:
'''Planaxinae''' * † ''Cabania'' <small>Lozouet & Senut, 1985</small> * ''Fissilabia'' <small>Macgillivray, 1836</small> * ''Halotapada'' <small>Iredale, 1936</small> * ''Hinea'' <small>Gray, 1847</small> * ''Holcostoma'' <small>H. Adams & A. Adams, 1853</small> * † ''Leioplanaxis'' <small>Lozouet & Maestrati, 1994</small> * † ''Orthochilus'' <small>Cossmann, 1889</small> * ''Planaxis'' <small>Lamarck, 1822</small> * ''Simulathena'' <small>Houbrick, 1992</small> * ''Supplanaxis''<small> Thiele, 1929</small> ;Synonyms: * ''Angiola'' <small>Dall, 1926</small>: synonym of ''Hinea'' <small>Gray, 1847</small> * ''Leucostoma'' <small>Swainson, 1840</small>: synonym of ''Fissilabia'' <small>MacGillivray, 1836</small> (invalid: junior homonym of ''Leucostoma'' <small>Meigen, 1803</small> [Diptera]) * ''Quoyia'' <small>Gray, 1839</small>: synonym of ''Fissilabia'' <small>MacGillivray, 1836</small>
'''Fossarinae''' * ''Anafossarus'' <small>Iredale, 1936</small> * ''Chilkaia'' <small>Preston, 1915</small> * ''Fossarus'' <small>Philippi, 1841</small> * ''Larinopsis'' <small>J. H. Gatliff & C. J. Gabriel, 1916</small> * † ''Medoriopsis'' <small>Cossmann, 1888</small> * † ''Vouastia'' <small>Raspail, 1909</small>
;Synonyms: * ''Fossar'' <small>Gray, 1847</small>: synonym of ''Fossarus'' <small>Philippi, 1841</small> (invalid: unjustified emendation of ''Fossarus'') * ''Maravignia'' Aradas & Maggiore, 1844: synonym of ''Fossarus'' <small>Philippi, 1841</small>
==References== {{Reflist}} * Strong E.E., Colgan D.J., Healy J.M., Lydeard C., Ponder W.F. & Glaubrecht M. (2011) ''Phylogeny of the gastropod superfamily Cerithioidea using morphology and molecules''. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 162: 43–89. * Bouchet P., Rocroi J.P., Hausdorf B., Kaim A., Kano Y., Nützel A., Parkhaev P., Schrödl M. & Strong E.E. (2017). Revised classification, nomenclator and typification of gastropod and monoplacophoran families. Malacologia. 61(1-2): 1–526.
== External links == {{Commons category|Planaxidae}} * [https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/11632090 Gray, M. E., Figures of molluscous animals, selected from various authors. Longman, Brown, Green and Longmans, London. Vol. 4, iv + 219 pp. (August) ] * [http://www.sil.si.edu/smithsoniancontributions/Zoology/pdf_hi/SCTZ-0445.pdf Houbrick R.S. 1987. ''Anatomy, Reproductive Biology, and Phylogeny of the Planaxidae (Cerithiacea: Prosobranchia)''. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology 445: 1-57] * {{ITIS |id=71899 |taxon=Planaxidae}} * Powell A. W. B., ''New Zealand Mollusca'', William Collins Publishers Ltd, Auckland, New Zealand 1979 {{ISBN|0-00-216906-1}} * [http://data.gbif.org/species/browse/taxon/13144815 GBIF]
{{Taxonbar|from=Q3173793}} {{Authority control}}
Category:Planaxidae Category:Gastropod families Category:Taxa named by John Edward Gray Category:Fauna of the Pantropical realm