{{short description|Genus of sea snails}} {{Automatic taxobox | image = Oxystele tigrina 002.jpg | image_caption = ''Oxystele tigrina'' | display_parents = 2 | taxon = Oxystele | authority =Philippi, 1847 <ref>Philippi, Zeitschr. f Mal., 1847, p. 19</ref> | type_species = ''Trochus merula'' | type_species_authority = Dillwyn, 1817 }}
'''''Oxystele''''' is a genus of sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Trochidae, the top snails.<ref name="WoRMS">{{WRMS species|204998|''Oxystele'' Philippi, 1847||2 July 2011}}</ref> Although previously suggested as a subgenus of ''Diloma'',<ref name="Heller 1991">{{cite journal |last1=Heller |first1=Joseph |last2=Dempster |first2=Yvonne |title=Detection of two coexisting species of ''Oxystele'' (Gastropoda: Trochidae) by morphological and electrophoretic analyses |journal=Journal of Zoology |date=1991 |volume=223 |issue=3 |pages=395–418 |doi=10.1111/j.1469-7998.1991.tb04773.x}}</ref> genetic analysis has shown it to be more appropriate as its own genus.<ref name="Donald 2005">{{cite journal |last1=Donald |first1=Kirsten M. |last2=Kennedy |first2=Martyn |last3=Spencer |first3=Hamish G. |title=The phylogeny and taxonomy of austral monodontine topshells (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Trochidae), inferred from DNA sequences |journal=Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution |date=2005 |volume=37 |issue=2 |pages=474–483 |doi=10.1016/j.ympev.2005.04.011}}</ref>
==Description== The depressed conical shell is dark or variegated in color. The large aperture is oblique. The concave columella is arcuate, thin-edged, perfectly simple and curved below. It is above spread over the umbilical area as a rounded, well-defined pad of callus.<ref>[https://archive.org/details/manualofconcholo111tryo Tryon (1889), Manual of Conchology XI, Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia]</ref>
Patterns of the variegated shell color within the genus ''Oxystele'' are shown in the image : A–C ''Oxystele variegata'' from Namibia, 5 km north of Swakopmund, diameter 22.2 mm (NMSA E6038) D–F ''Oxystele impervia'' from the Western Cape, Groen Rivier, diameter 22.3 mm (NMSA E7353) G–I ''Oxystele'' sp. from the Eastern Cape, Tsitsikamma National Park, diameter 16.5 mm (HVDBM058-10, NMSA W7371); the colour pattern of these specimens suggests ''Oxystele variegata'', but these specimens group within the unit of ''Oxystele impervia'' J–L ''Oxystele'' sp. from the Northern Cape, Noup, diameter 18.0 mm (HVDBM185-10, NMSA W7608); the colour pattern suggests ''Oxystele impervia'', but they group with ''Oxystele variegata''
==Distribution== These marine species occur off South Africa and Japan.
==Species== thumb|right|''Oxystele burdigalensis'' Cossmann & Peyrot 1916, a fossil species from the Miocene of France right|thumb|Patterns of shell color within the genus Oxystele Phylogram (weighted maximum parsimony based on 16S, COI and actin sequence data) of the species in the genus ''Oxystele'':<ref name="Donald 2005" />
{{clade| style=font-size:85%;line-height:85%; |label1='''Oxystele''' |1={{clade |1={{clade |1=''O. tigrina'' <small>(Anton, 1839)</small><ref>{{WRMS species|225143|''Oxystele tigrina'' (Anton, 1839)||1 May 2010}}</ref> |2=''O. sinensis'' <small>(Gmelin, 1791)</small><ref>{{WRMS species|225723|''Oxystele sinensis'' (Gmelin, 1791)||1 May 2010}}</ref> }} |2={{clade |1=''O. tabularis'' <small>(Krauss, 1848)</small><ref>{{WRMS species|216321|''Oxystele tabularis'' (Krauss, 1848)||1 May 2010}}</ref> |2={{clade |1=''O. impervia'' <small>(Menke, 1843)</small><ref>{{WRMS species|225140|''Oxystele impervia'' (Menke, 1843)||1 May 2010}}</ref> |2=''O. antoni'' <small>(Anton, 1839)</small><ref>{{WRMS species|225139|''Oxystele variegata'' (Anton, 1839)||1 May 2010}}</ref> }} }} }} }}
Other species in the genus not included in this tree are:
* ''Oxystele fulgurata'' <small>(Philippi, 1848)</small> * ''Oxystele merula'' <small>(Dillwyn, 1817)</small>
Species brought into synonymy: * ''Oxystele capensis'' <small>(Gmelin, 1791)</small>: synonym of ''Oxystele sinensis'' <small>(Gmelin, 1791)</small> * ''Oxystele depressa'' <small>Granata-Grillo, 1877</small>: synonym of ''Tomura depressa'' <small>(Granata-Grillo, 1877)</small> * ''Oxystele impervius'' <small>Menke, Schwarz, 1910</small>: synonym of ''Oxystele variegata'' <small>(Anton, 1838)</small> * ''Oxystele inflata'' <small>Turton, 1932</small>: synonym of ''Oxystele sinensis'' <small>(Gmelin, 1791)</small> * ''Oxystele romettensis'' <small>Granata-Grillo, 1877</small>: synonym of ''Cirsonella romettensis'' <small>(Granata-Grillo, 1877)</small> * ''Oxystele sagittifera'' <small>Lamarck, Smith, 1903</small>: synonym of ''Oxystele variegata'' <small>(Anton, 1838)</small> * ''Oxystele sagittifera'' var. ''perdix'' <small>Koch in Turton, 1932</small>: synonym of ''Oxystele tigrina'' <small>(Anton, 1838)</small> * ''Oxystele sagittifera'' var. ''rufanensis'' <small>Turton, 1932</small>: synonym of ''Oxystele variegata'' <small>(Anton, 1838)</small> * ''Oxystele tabularis'' var. ''pulchra'' <small>Turton, 1932</small>: synonym of ''Oxystele variegata'' <small>(Anton, 1838)</small> * ''Oxystele tigrinus'' <small>Turton 1932</small>: synonym of ''Oxystele tigrina'' <small>(Anton, 1838)</small> * ''Oxystele variegata'' <small>(Anton, 1838)</small> accepted as ''Oxystele antoni'' <small>D. G. Herbert, 2015</small><ref> MolluscaBase eds. (2023). MolluscaBase. ''Oxystele'' R. A. Philippi, 1847. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=204998 on 2023-10-28 </ref> * ''Oxystele zonata'' <small>Wood, Sowerby, 1892</small>: synonym of ''Gibbula zonata'' <small>(Wood, 1828)</small>
==References== {{Reflist}} * Williams S.T., Donald K.M., Spencer H.G. & Nakano T. (2010) ''Molecular systematics of the marine gastropod families Trochidae and Calliostomatidae (Mollusca: Superfamily Trochoidea)''. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 54:783-809
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Category:Oxystele Category:Trochidae Category:Taxa named by Rodolfo Amando Philippi Category:Gastropod genera