{{Short description|Tribe of orchids}} {{Automatic taxobox | name = Orchideae | image = Orchis provincialis (flower spike).jpg | image_caption = Flower of ''Orchis provincialis'' | taxon = Orchideae | authority = (Dressler & Dodson) Verm. (1977) | subdivision_ranks = Subtribes | subdivision = * Brownleeinae * Coryciinae * Disinae * Huttonaeinae * Orchidinae * Pachitinae }}
'''Orchideae''' is a tribe of orchids in the subfamily Orchidoideae. Historically, it was divided into 2 subtribes, Orchidinae and Habenariinae. The subtribe Orchidinae alone contains about 1,800 species.<ref name=JinSchuChasLi17/> However, although some phylogenetic studies have established the monophyly of the subtribes, the generic boundaries are unclear, with many genera as traditionally circumscribed being paraphyletic or even polyphyletic.<ref name=JinJinSchuLi14/> Species of genera such as ''Habenaria'' and ''Platanthera'' have been placed into both subtribes.<ref name=JinLiXianLai12/> A 2017 molecular phylogenetic study found that both subtribes did form clades, but did not formally recognize Habenariinae, because of missing genera and uncertainty over generic boundaries.<ref name=JinSchuChasLi17/> The Asian species of Orchideae, in particular, have been subject to repeated changes of generic placement from 2012 onwards.<ref name=JinLiXianLai12/><ref name=JinJinSchuLi14/><ref name=TangYukaBateJian15/><ref name=JinXianJin15/><ref name=RaskJinXianSchu16/><ref name=JinSchuChasLi17/>
As of 2017, Orchideae is divided into 6 subtribes: Brownleeinae, Pachitinae, Huttonaeinae, Orchidinae, Coryciinae, and Disinae.<ref name = ":2" />
== Subtribes == Once divided into the Orchidinae and Habenariinae<ref name=":1">{{cite journal |author1=RICHARD M. BATEMAN |author2=PETER M. HOLLINGSWORTH |author3=JILLIAN PRESTON |author4=LUO YI-BO |author5=ALEC M. PRIDGEON |author6=MARK W. CHASE |date=May 2003 |title=Molecular phylogenetics and evolution of Orchidinae and selected Habenariinae (Orchidaceae) |journal=Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society |volume=142 |issue=1 |pages=1–40 |doi=10.1046/j.1095-8339.2003.00157.x |doi-access=free}}</ref> (a nonsystematic paraphyletic splitting), the Orchideae now comprise 6 subtribes.<ref name="old">{{cite journal |last1=Jin |first1=Wei-Tao |last2=Schuiteman |first2=André |last3=Chase |first3=Mark W. |last4=Li |first4=Jian-Wu |last5=Chung |first5=Shih-Wen |last6=Hsu |first6=Tian-Chuan |last7=Jin |first7=Xiao-Hua |date=2017 |title=Phylogenetics of subtribe Orchidinae s.l. (Orchidaceae; Orchidoideae) based on seven markers (plastid matK, psaB, rbcL, trnL-F, trnH-psba, and nuclear nrITS, Xdh): implications for generic delimitation |journal=BMC Plant Biology |volume=17 |issue=1 |pages=222|doi=10.1186/s12870-017-1160-x |pmid=29178835 |s2cid=255809264 |pmc=5702240 |doi-access=free }}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite journal |last1=Chen |first1=Gui-Zhen |last2=Huang |first2=Jie |last3=Zhang |first3=Guo-Qiang |last4=Ma |first4=Liang |last5=Chen |first5=Shi-Pin |date=2017-11-28 |title=New subtribe Pachitinae (Orchideae) of Orchidaceae: Evidence from morphological and molecular analyses |url=https://biotaxa.org/Phytotaxa/article/view/phytotaxa.329.2.2 |journal=Phytotaxa |volume=329 |issue=2 |pages=114 |doi=10.11646/phytotaxa.329.2.2 |issn=1179-3163|url-access=subscription }}</ref> Along with previous molecular studies, Chase et al's 2015 analysis confirmed that Diseae was a polyphyletic grouping. Consequently, the former subtribes of Diseae have been redistributed within the Orchideae (for instance, ''Satyrium'' is now classified in the Orchidinae). In his 2015 study Chase recommended further study of historically problematic genera in the former Diseae such as ''Huttonaea and Pachites.'' Further molecular analysis by Chen et al. in 2017 led to the following reorganization:<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal |last1=Chase |first1=Mark W. |last2=Cameron |first2=Kenneth M. |date=2015 |title=An updated classification of Orchidaceae |journal=Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society |volume=177 |issue=2 |pages=151–174 |doi=10.1111/boj.12234 |doi-access=free }}</ref><ref name=":2" /> [[File:Anacamptis pyramidalis 2 RF.jpg|thumb|190x190px|''Anacamptis pyramidalis'']] [[File:Flowers of India 828.jpg|thumb|190x190px|''Brachycorythis'', a member of the Orchidinae]]
{{clade|{{Clade |1=Brownleeinae |2={{Clade |1=Pachitinae |2={{Clade |1=Huttonaeinae |2={{Clade |1=Orchidinae |2={{Clade |1=Coryciinae |2=Disinae }} }} }} }} }}|style=font-size:100%;line-height:100%|label1='''Orchideae'''}}
==Genera== Genera included in a 2017 molecular phylogenetic study are listed below. As noted above, some generic boundaries remain uncertain; ''Habenaria'' in particular is not monophyletic.<ref name=JinSchuChasLi17/> {{Div col|colwidth=24em}} *''Anacamptis'' *''Benthamia'' *''Bonatea'' *''Brachycorythis'' *''Chamorchis'' *''Cynorkis'' *''Dactylorhiza'' *''Diplomeris'' *''Galearis'' s.l. (including ''Aceratorchis'', ''Amerorchis'' and ''Neolindleya'') *''Gennaria'' *''Gymnadenia'' (including ''Nigritella'') *''Habenaria'' (not monophyletic) *''Hemipilia'' (including a few species previously assigned to ''Amitostigma'' and ''Ponerorchis'') *''Herminium'' *''Himantoglossum'' *''Hsenhsua'' *''Neotinea'' *''Ophrys'' *''Orchis'' s.s. *''Pecteilis'' *''Peristylus'' *''Physoceras'' *''Platanthera'' s.l. *''Ponerorchis'' s.l. (including ''Amitostigma'' and ''Neottianthe'') *''Pseudorchis'' *''Satyrium'' *''Schizochilus'' *''Serapias'' *''Shizhenia'' *''Sirindhornia'' *''Stenoglottis'' *''Steveniella'' *''Silvorchis'' *''Traunsteinera'' *''Tsaiorchis'' *''Tylostigma'' {{div col end}}
==See also== * Taxonomy of the Orchidaceae
==References== {{Reflist|refs= <ref name=JinJinSchuLi14>{{Citation |last1=Jin |first1=Wei-Tao |last2=Jin |first2=Xiao-Hua |last3=Schuiteman |first3=André |last4=Li |first4=De-Zhu |last5=Xiang |first5=Xiao-Guo |last6=Huang |first6=Wei-Chang |last7=Li |first7=Jian-Wu |last8=Huang |first8=Lu-Qi |date=2014 |title=Molecular systematics of subtribe Orchidinae and Asian taxa of Habenariinae (Orchideae, Orchidaceae) based on plastid matK, rbcL and nuclear ITS |journal=Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution |volume=77 |pages=41–53 |doi=10.1016/j.ympev.2014.04.004 |pmid=24747003 |name-list-style=amp }}</ref>
<ref name=JinLiXianLai12>{{Citation |last1=Jin |first1=Xiao-Hua |last2=Li |first2=De-Zhu |last3=Xiang |first3=Xiao-Guo |last4=Lai |first4=Yang-Jun |last5=Shi |first5=Xiao-Chun |date=2012 |title=''Nujiangia'' (Orchidaceae: Orchideae): A new genus from the Himalayas |journal=Journal of Systematics and Evolution |volume=50 |issue=1 |pages=64–71 |doi=10.1111/j.1759-6831.2011.00167.x |s2cid=83777330 |name-list-style=amp }}</ref>
<ref name=JinSchuChasLi17>{{Citation |last1=Jin |first1=Wei-Tao |last2=Schuiteman |first2=André |last3=Chase |first3=Mark W. |last4=Li |first4=Jian-Wu |last5=Chung |first5=Shih-Wen |last6=Hsu |first6=Tian-Chuan |last7=Jin |first7=Xiao-Hua |date=2017 |title=Phylogenetics of subtribe Orchidinae s.l. (Orchidaceae; Orchidoideae) based on seven markers (plastid matK, psaB, rbcL, trnL-F, trnH-psba, and nuclear nrITS, Xdh): implications for generic delimitation |journal=BMC Plant Biology |volume=17 |issue=1 |page=222 |doi=10.1186/s12870-017-1160-x |pmid=29178835 |pmc=5702240 |name-list-style=amp |doi-access=free }}</ref>
<ref name=JinXianJin15>{{Citation |last1=Jin |first1=Weitao |last2=Xiang |first2=Xiaoguo |last3=Jin |first3=Xiaohua |date=2015 |title=Generic delimitation of Orchidaceae from China: current situation and perspective |journal=Biodiversity Science |volume=23 |issue=2 |pages=237–242 |url=http://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/article/downloadArticleFile.do?attachType=PDF&id=9984 |format=pdf |access-date=2018-04-01 |doi=10.17520/biods.2014268 |language=zh, en |name-list-style=amp |url-access=subscription }}{{Dead link|date=August 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>
<ref name=RaskJinXianSchu16>{{Citation |last1=Raskoti |first1=Bhakta Bahadur |last2=Jin |first2=Wei-Tao |last3=Xiang |first3=Xiao-Guo |last4=Schuiteman |first4=André |last5=Li |first5=De-Zhu |last6=Li |first6=Jian-Wu |last7=Huang |first7=Wei-Chang |last8=Jin |first8=Xiao-Hua |last9=Huang |first9=Lu-Qi |date=2016 |orig-year=2015 online |title=A phylogenetic analysis of molecular and morphological characters of ''Herminium'' (Orchidaceae, Orchideae): evolutionary relationships, taxonomy, and patterns of character evolution |journal=Cladistics |volume=32 |issue=2 |pages=198–210 |doi=10.1111/cla.12125 |pmid=34736301 |s2cid=83774047 |name-list-style=amp |doi-access=free }}</ref>
<ref name=TangYukaBateJian15>{{Citation |last1=Tang |first1=Ying |last2=Yukawa |first2=Tomohisa |last3=Bateman |first3=Richard M. |last4=Jiang |first4=Hong |last5=Peng |first5=Hua |date=2015 |title=Phylogeny and classification of the East Asian ''Amitostigma'' alliance (Orchidaceae: Orchideae) based on six DNA markers |journal=BMC Evolutionary Biology |volume=15 |page=96 |doi=10.1186/s12862-015-0376-3 |pmid=26006185 |name-list-style=amp |pmc=4479074 |doi-access=free }}</ref> }}
== External links == *{{Commons-inline}} *{{Wikispecies-inline}}
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Category:Orchideae Category:Orchidoideae tribes
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