{{For-multi|the village in Azerbaijan|Göyşaban|settlements in Ukraine with the Ukrainian cognate of the same placename|Vilkhivka}}
'''Olkhovka''' ({{langx|ru|Ольховка}}) is the name of several rural localities in Russia.
==Modern rural localities== ===Republic of Bashkortostan=== As of 2010, four rural localities in the Republic of Bashkortostan bear this name: *Olkhovka, Bizhbulyaksky District, Republic of Bashkortostan, a village in Demsky Selsoviet of Bizhbulyaksky District *Olkhovka, Blagoveshchensky District, Republic of Bashkortostan, a village in Novonadezhdinsky Selsoviet of Blagoveshchensky District *Olkhovka, Kuyurgazinsky District, Republic of Bashkortostan, a ''khutor'' in Otradinsky Selsoviet of Kuyurgazinsky District *Olkhovka, Tuymazinsky District, Republic of Bashkortostan, a village in Nikolayevsky Selsoviet of Tuymazinsky District
===Belgorod Oblast=== As of 2010, one rural locality in Belgorod Oblast bears this name: *Olkhovka, Belgorod Oblast, a ''selo'' in Yakovlevsky District
===Bryansk Oblast=== As of 2010, six rural localities in Bryansk Oblast bear this name: *Olkhovka, Karachevsky District, Bryansk Oblast, a village in Verkhopolsky Selsoviet of Karachevsky District *Olkhovka, Kurshanovichsky Selsoviet, Klimovsky District, Bryansk Oblast, a settlement in Kurshanovichsky Selsoviet of Klimovsky District *Olkhovka, Vorobyevsky Selsoviet, Klimovsky District, Bryansk Oblast, a village in Vorobyevsky Selsoviet of Klimovsky District *Olkhovka, Klintsovsky District, Bryansk Oblast, a ''selo'' in Olkhovsky Selsoviet of Klintsovsky District *Olkhovka, Vygonichsky District, Bryansk Oblast, a village in Ormensky Selsoviet of Vygonichsky District *Olkhovka, Zhukovsky District, Bryansk Oblast, a village in Zaborsko-Nikolsky Selsoviet of Zhukovsky District
===Chelyabinsk Oblast=== As of 2010, one rural locality in Chelyabinsk Oblast bears this name: *Olkhovka, Chelyabinsk Oblast, a settlement in Velikopetrovsky Selsoviet of Kartalinsky District
===Ivanovo Oblast=== As of 2010, one rural locality in Ivanovo Oblast bears this name: *Olkhovka, Ivanovo Oblast, a village in Ivanovsky District
===Kaliningrad Oblast=== As of 2010, one rural locality in Kaliningrad Oblast bears this name: *Olkhovka, Kaliningrad Oblast, a settlement in Zorinsky Rural Okrug of Gvardeysky District
===Kaluga Oblast=== As of 2010, two rural localities in Kaluga Oblast bear this name: *Olkhovka, Kozelsky District, Kaluga Oblast, a village in Kozelsky District *Olkhovka, Medynsky District, Kaluga Oblast, a village in Medynsky District
===Kostroma Oblast=== As of 2010, one rural locality in Kostroma Oblast bears this name: *Olkhovka, Kostroma Oblast, a village in Kuzhbalskoye Settlement of Neysky District
===Krasnoyarsk Krai=== As of 2010, one rural locality in Krasnoyarsk Krai bears this name: *Olkhovka, Krasnoyarsk Krai, a ''selo'' in Tarutinsky Selsoviet of Achinsky District
===Kurgan Oblast=== As of 2010, two rural localities in Kurgan Oblast bear this name: *Olkhovka, Dalmatovsky District, Kurgan Oblast, a village in Beloyarsky Selsoviet of Dalmatovsky District *Olkhovka, Shadrinsky District, Kurgan Oblast, a ''selo'' in Olkhovsky Selsoviet of Shadrinsky District
===Kursk Oblast=== As of 2010, two rural localities in Kursk Oblast bear this name: *Olkhovka, Khomutovsky District, Kursk Oblast, a ''selo'' in Olkhovsky Selsoviet of Khomutovsky District *Olkhovka, Zheleznogorsky District, Kursk Oblast, a settlement in Troyanovsky Selsoviet of Zheleznogorsky District
===Leningrad Oblast=== As of 2010, one rural locality in Leningrad Oblast bears this name: *Olkhovka, Leningrad Oblast, a village in Petrovskoye Settlement Municipal Formation of Priozersky District
===Lipetsk Oblast=== As of 2010, one rural locality in Lipetsk Oblast bears this name: *Olkhovka, Lipetsk Oblast, a ''selo'' in Nizhnematrensky Selsoviet of Dobrinsky District
===Republic of Mordovia=== As of 2010, one rural locality in the Republic of Mordovia bears this name: *Olkhovka, Republic of Mordovia, a settlement in Krasinsky Selsoviet of Dubyonsky District
===Moscow Oblast=== As of 2010, one rural locality in Moscow Oblast bears this name: *Olkhovka, Moscow Oblast, a village in Semenovskoye Rural Settlement of Stupinsky District
===Nizhny Novgorod Oblast=== As of 2010, one rural locality in Nizhny Novgorod Oblast bears this name: *Olkhovka, Nizhny Novgorod Oblast, a village in Bolsheokulovsky Selsoviet of Navashinsky District
===Novgorod Oblast=== As of 2010, three rural localities in Novgorod Oblast bear this name: *Olkhovka, Krestetsky District, Novgorod Oblast, a village in Ustvolmskoye Settlement of Krestetsky District *Olkhovka, Malovishersky District, Novgorod Oblast, a village in Verebyinskoye Settlement of Malovishersky District *Olkhovka, Okulovsky District, Novgorod Oblast, a village in Borovenkovskoye Settlement of Okulovsky District
===Novosibirsk Oblast=== As of 2010, one rural locality in Novosibirsk Oblast bears this name: *Olkhovka, Novosibirsk Oblast, a settlement under the administrative jurisdiction of the work settlement of Chistoozyornoye, Chistoozyorny District
===Omsk Oblast=== As of 2010, two rural localities in Omsk Oblast bear this name: *Olkhovka, Cherlaksky District, Omsk Oblast, a village in Tatarsky Rural Okrug of Cherlaksky District *Olkhovka, Okoneshnikovsky District, Omsk Oblast, a village in Sergeyevsky Rural Okrug of Okoneshnikovsky District
===Penza Oblast=== As of 2010, one rural locality in Penza Oblast bears this name: *Olkhovka, Penza Oblast, a village in Saltykovsky Selsoviet of Zemetchinsky District
===Perm Krai=== As of 2010, ten rural localities in Perm Krai bear this name: *Olkhovka, Chaykovsky, Perm Krai, a ''selo'' under the administrative jurisdiction of the town of krai significance of Chaykovsky *Olkhovka, Dobryanka, Perm Krai, a settlement under the administrative jurisdiction of the town of krai significance of Dobryanka *Olkhovka, Cherdynsky District, Perm Krai, a settlement in Cherdynsky District *Olkhovka, Chernushinsky District, Perm Krai, a village in Chernushinsky District *Olkhovka, Kungursky District, Perm Krai, a village in Kungursky District *Olkhovka, Nytvensky District, Perm Krai, a village in Nytvensky District *Olkhovka, Osinsky District, Perm Krai, a village in Osinsky District *Olkhovka (settlement), Permsky District, Perm Krai, a settlement in Permsky District *Olkhovka (village), Permsky District, Perm Krai, a village in Permsky District *Olkhovka, Sivinsky District, Perm Krai, a village in Sivinsky District
===Primorsky Krai=== As of 2010, one rural locality in Primorsky Krai bears this name: *Olkhovka, Primorsky Krai, a ''selo'' in Kirovsky District
===Ryazan Oblast=== As of 2010, two rural localities in Ryazan Oblast bear this name: *Olkhovka, Chuchkovsky District, Ryazan Oblast, a village in Pertovsky Rural Okrug of Chuchkovsky District *Olkhovka, Alexandro-Nevsky District, Ryazan Oblast, a village in Blagovsky Rural Okrug of Alexandro-Nevsky District
===Sakhalin Oblast=== As of 2010, one rural locality in Sakhalin Oblast bears this name: *Olkhovka, Sakhalin Oblast, a ''selo'' in Uglegorsky District
===Saratov Oblast=== As of 2010, two rural localities in Saratov Oblast bear this name: *Olkhovka, Romanovsky District, Saratov Oblast, a ''selo'' in Romanovsky District *Olkhovka, Rtishchevsky District, Saratov Oblast, a village in Rtishchevsky District
===Smolensk Oblast=== As of 2010, one rural locality in Smolensk Oblast bears this name: *Olkhovka, Smolensk Oblast, a village in Volkovskoye Rural Settlement of Krasninsky District
===Sverdlovsk Oblast=== As of 2010, four rural localities in Sverdlovsk Oblast bear this name: *Olkhovka, Verkhnyaya Pyshma, Sverdlovsk Oblast, a settlement under the administrative jurisdiction of the Town of Verkhnyaya Pyshma *Olkhovka, Irbitsky District, Sverdlovsk Oblast, a village in Irbitsky District *Olkhovka, Kamyshlovsky District, Sverdlovsk Oblast, a settlement in Kamyshlovsky District *Olkhovka, Sysertsky District, Sverdlovsk Oblast, a village in Sysertsky District
===Tambov Oblast=== As of 2010, one rural locality in Tambov Oblast bears this name: *Olkhovka, Tambov Oblast, a ''selo'' in Parevsky Selsoviet of Inzhavinsky District
===Tver Oblast=== As of 2010, three rural localities in Tver Oblast bear this name: *Olkhovka, Maksatikhinsky District, Tver Oblast, a village in Maksatikhinsky District *Olkhovka, Spirovsky District, Tver Oblast, a settlement in Spirovsky District *Olkhovka, Toropetsky District, Tver Oblast, a village in Toropetsky District
===Udmurt Republic=== As of 2010, one rural locality in the Udmurt Republic bears this name: *Olkhovka, Udmurt Republic, a village in Uva-Tuklinsky Selsoviet of Uvinsky District
===Ulyanovsk Oblast=== As of 2010, one rural locality in Ulyanovsk Oblast bears this name: *Olkhovka, Ulyanovsk Oblast, a ''selo'' in Khmelevsky Rural Okrug of Sursky District
===Volgograd Oblast=== As of 2010, one rural locality in Volgograd Oblast bears this name: *Olkhovka, Volgograd Oblast, a ''selo'' in Olkhovsky Selsoviet of Olkhovsky District
===Vologda Oblast=== As of 2010, one rural locality in Vologda Oblast bears this name: *Olkhovka, Vologda Oblast, a village in Ust-Alexeyevsky Selsoviet of Velikoustyugsky District
===Yaroslavl Oblast=== As of 2010, one rural locality in Yaroslavl Oblast bears this name: *Olkhovka, Yaroslavl Oblast, a village in Dmitriyevsky Rural Okrug of Danilovsky District
==Abolished rural localities== *Olkhovka, Tyumen Oblast, a settlement in Zavodoukovsky District of Tyumen Oblast; abolished in November 2008
{{SIA|populated places in Russia}}