{{Short description|Genus of leaf beetles}} {{Use dmy dates|date=March 2018}} {{Automatic taxobox | image = Grape Rootworm - Fidia viticida, Woodbridge, Virginia.jpg | image_caption = ''Neofidia lurida'' | taxon = Neofidia | display_parents = 2 | authority = Strother, 2020<ref name="Kumarietal2020">{{cite journal|first1=S. Amritha|last1=Kumari|first2=A. G.|last2=Moseyko|first3=M. S.|last3=Strother|first4=K. D.|last4=Prathapan|year=2020|title=''Neofidia'' Strother, a new name for ''Fidia'' Baly, 1863 and redescription of ''Fidia kanaraensis'' (Jacoby, 1895) with a new host record and notes on natural history (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae, Eumolpinae)|journal=European Journal of Taxonomy|pages=1–25| issue=654| doi=10.5852/ejt.2020.654|doi-access=free}}</ref> | type_species = ''Fidia lurida'' | type_species_authority = Baly, 1863 | synonyms_ref = <ref name="Strother2008">{{cite journal|first1=M.S.|last1=Strother|first2=C.L.|last2=Staines|year=2008|title=A revision of the New World genus ''Fidia'' Baly 1863 (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Eumolpinae: Adoxini)|url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/305682170|journal=Zootaxa|volume=1798|pages=1–100|doi=10.11646/zootaxa.1798.1.1}}</ref> | synonyms = *''Fidia'' <small>Dejean, 1836<br />(''nomen nudum'')</small> *''Atonia'' <small>Gistel, 1848<br />(''nomen nudum'')</small> *''Fidia'' <small>Baly, 1863<br />(not Motschulsky, 1861)</small><ref name="Baly1863">{{cite journal|last=Baly|first=J. S.|year=1863|title=An attempt at a classification of the Eumolpidae|url=https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/13387745|journal=The Journal of Entomology|volume=2|pages=143–163}}</ref> *''Fidea'' <small>Glover, 1868<br />(misspelling)</small> }}
'''''Neofidia''''' (formerly known as '''''Fidia''''') is a genus of leaf beetles in the subfamily Eumolpinae. It is distributed in North and Central America. There are 24 species recognised in ''Neofidia''.<ref name="Strother2008"/><ref name=bugref>{{cite web|title=''Fidia'' Genus Information|url=https://bugguide.net/node/view/65351|website=BugGuide.net|access-date=2018-02-11}}</ref><ref name=itis>{{cite web|title=''Fidia'' Report|url=https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=719761|website=Integrated Taxonomic Information System|access-date=2018-02-11}}</ref><ref name=eol>{{cite web|title=''Fidia'' Overview|url=http://eol.org/pages/110416/overview|website=Encyclopedia of Life|access-date=2018-02-11}}</ref>
==Etymology== The original name for the genus, ''Fidia'', is taken from mythology.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|last=Duponchel|first=P.A.J.|year=1844|chapter=Fidia|chapter-url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/57437852|editor-last=d'Orbigny|editor-first=C.|title=Dictionnaire Universel d'Histoire Naturelle|volume=5|publisher=MM. Renard, Martinet et Cie.|place=Paris|page=625}}</ref> The replacement name, ''Neofidia'', refers to the fact it is a new name for ''Fidia'' Baly, 1863, as well as the distribution of the genus in the Nearctic and Neotropical realms.<ref name="Kumarietal2020"/>
==Taxonomic history== The name "''Fidia''" was first used in 1836 by the French entomologist Pierre François Marie Auguste Dejean in his ''Catalogue des Coléoptères'', listing two species from the New World, ''F. lurida'' and ''F. murina''. Because no description or indication was given for either species, they are considered ''nomina nuda''. Likewise, ''Fidia'' Dejean is also considered a ''nomen nudum''.<ref name="Strother2008"/>
In 1861, Victor Motschulsky described a new species of beetle from Japan with the name ''Fidia atra''. Motschulsky's species description, in combination with the generic name ''Fidia'', constitutes an indication for the latter, thereby making the name ''Fidia'' available.<ref name="Strother2008"/>
In 1863, Joseph Sugar Baly provided a description of Dejean's ''Fidia'' and ''Fidia lurida'', making both names available (and making ''Fidia'' Baly, 1863 a junior homonym of ''Fidia'' Motschulsky, 1861). In the same work, Baly also established the Old World genera ''Lypesthes'', with Motschulsky's ''Fidia atra'' as the type species, and ''Leprotes'', which was later treated as a junior synonym of ''Lypesthes''. Following Baly's work, the name ''Lypesthes'' was consistently used for the Old World genus group based on ''Fidia atra'', while ''Fidia'' was consistently used for the New World genus group based on ''Fidia lurida''.<ref name="Strother2008"/><ref name="Kumarietal2020"/>
An application to suppress ''Fidia'' Motschulsky, 1861 (with the year incorrectly given as "1860") and conserve usage of ''Fidia'' Baly, 1863 and ''Lypesthes'' Baly, 1863 was submitted to the ICZN in 2006. This proposal was rejected by the commission in 2009, upholding the priority of ''Fidia'' Motschulsky, 1861.<ref>{{cite journal|author=ICZN|year=2009|title=Opinion 2227 (Case 3375) ''Fidia'' Baly, 1863 and ''Lypesthes'' Baly, 1863 (Insecta, Coleoptera): usage not conserved and priority maintained for ''Fidia'' Motschulsky, 1860|journal=The Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature|volume=66|issue=2|pages=198–200|doi=10.21805/bzn.v66i2.a12|s2cid=177769135 }}</ref> Following this ruling, ''Fidia'' Baly, 1863 was renamed to ''Neofidia'' in 2020.<ref name="Kumarietal2020"/>
==Species== There are 24 species currently recognised in the genus ''Neofidia'':<ref name="Strother2008"/><ref name="Kumarietal2020"/> * ''Neofidia albovittata'' <small>(Lefèvre, 1877)</small><ref name="Lefevre1877">{{cite journal|last=Lefèvre|first=E.|year=1877|title=Descriptions de coléoptères nouveaux ou peu connus de la famille des Eumolpides (1re partie)|url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/8244443|journal=Annales de la Société Entomologique de France|series=5|volume=7|pages=115–166}}</ref> (synonyms: ''F. sallei'' <small>Lefèvre, 1877</small>;<ref name="Lefevre1877"/> ''F. unistriata'' <small>Jacoby, 1882</small><ref name="Jacoby1881">{{cite encyclopedia|last=Jacoby|first=M.|year=1881|chapter=Eumolpidae|chapter-url=https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/584677|title=Insecta. Coleoptera|encyclopedia=Biologia Centrali-Americana|volume=6|issue=1|pages=105–187}}</ref>) – southern Tamaulipas, Mexico to central Honduras * ''Neofidia cana'' <small>(Horn, 1892)</small><ref name="Horn1892">{{cite journal|first=G. H.|last=Horn|year=1892|title=The Eumolpini of Boreal America|journal=Transactions of the American Entomological Society|volume=19|pages=195–234|jstor=25076581}}</ref> – Texas * ''Neofidia chapini'' <small>(Strother, 2008)</small> – Guerrero, Mexico * ''Neofidia clematis'' <small>(Schaeffer, 1904)</small><ref name="Schaeffer1904">{{cite journal|last=Schaeffer|first=C.|year=1904|title=New Genera and Species of Coleoptera|journal=Journal of the New York Entomological Society|volume=12|issue=4|pages=197–236|jstor=25003118}}</ref> – extreme southern Texas to central Veracruz, Mexico * ''Neofidia comalensis'' <small>(Strother, 2008)</small> – Comala in Colima, Mexico * ''Neofidia confusa'' <small>(Strother in E. Riley, S. Clark and Seeno, 2003)</small> – Illinois south to Louisiana, from Kansas and Oklahoma to Kentucky and Tennessee * ''Neofidia convexicollis'' <small>(Strother, 2008)</small> – Texas and Oklahoma * ''Neofidia costaricensis'' <small>(Strother, 2008)</small> – Costa Rica * ''Neofidia delilahae'' <small>(Strother, 2008)</small> – Alabama and Mississippi * ''Neofidia dicelloposthe'' <small>(Strother, 2008)</small> – Tejupilco in Mexico State, Mexico * ''Neofidia dichroma'' <small>(Strother, 2008)</small> – Guatemala and Chiapas, Mexico * ''Neofidia guatemalensis'' <small>(Jacoby, 1879)</small><ref name="Jacoby1879">{{cite journal|last=Jacoby|first=M.|year=1879|title=Descriptions of new species of Phtytophaga (Coleoptera)|url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/28521955|journal=Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London|volume=1879|pages=773–793}}</ref> – Belize, El Salvador, Guatemala * ''Neofidia humeralis'' <small>(Lefèvre, 1877)</small><ref name="Lefevre1877"/> – Arizona and New Mexico south to Oaxaca, Mexico * ''Neofidia longipes'' <small>(F. E. Melsheimer, 1847)</small> – east of the Appalachian Mountains * ''Neofidia lurida'' <small>(Baly, 1863)</small><ref name="Baly1863"/> (synonym: ''Fidia viticida'' <small>Walsh, 1867</small>) – Grape rootworm; found throughout eastern North America * ''Neofidia marraverpa'' <small>(Strother, 2008)</small> – Oaxaca, Mexico * ''Neofidia papillata'' <small>(Strother, 2008)</small> – Hidalgo, Mexico * ''Neofidia pedestris'' <small>(Lefèvre, 1877)</small><ref name="Lefevre1877"/> – along Sierra Madre Oriental in eastern Mexico, from Hidalgo to Oaxaca * ''Neofidia pedinops'' <small>(Strother, 2008)</small> – Alabama, Florida and Georgia * ''Neofidia rileyorum'' <small>(Strother, 2008)</small> – southwestern United States, west of the Appalachian Mountains * ''Neofidia spuria'' <small>(Lefèvre, 1877)</small><ref name="Lefevre1877"/> (synonym: ''F. atra'' <small>Jacoby, 1882</small><ref name="Jacoby1881"/>) – Sierra Madre del Sur in Guerrero and Oaxaca, Mexico * ''Neofidia texana'' <small>(Schaeffer, 1934)</small><ref name="Schaeffer1934">{{cite journal|last=Schaeffer|first=C.|year=1933|publication-date=February 6, 1934|title=Short studies in the Chrysomelidæ (Coleoptera) (Continued)|journal=Journal of the New York Entomological Society|volume=41|issue=4|pages=457–480|jstor=25004529}}</ref> – Texas * ''Neofidia tibialis'' <small>(Jacoby, 1890)</small><ref name="Jacoby1890">{{cite encyclopedia|last=Jacoby|first=M.|year=1890|chapter=Eumolpidae|chapter-url=https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/585383|title=Insecta. Coleoptera, Supplement to Phytophaga|encyclopedia=Biologia Centrali-Americana|volume=6|issue=1|pages=183–241|publisher=Published for the editors by R. H. Porter]}}</ref> – Mexico * ''Neofidia xanthonioides'' <small>(Strother, 2008)</small> – Sierra Madre del Sur in Mexico
''Fidia murina'' <small>Glover, 1868</small> is considered a ''nomen dubium''.<ref name="Strother2008"/>
''Fidia lateralis'' <small>Jacoby, 1882</small> was transferred to ''Xanthonia''.<ref name="Strother2008"/>
==References== {{Reflist}}
==Further reading== {{Wikispecies|Neofidia}} {{Commons category|Neofidia}} {{Refbegin}} * {{cite book |editor-last1 = Arnett |editor-first1 = R. H. Jr. |editor-last2 = Thomas |editor-first2 = M. C. |editor-last3 = Skelley |editor-first3 = P. E. |editor-last4 = Frank |editor-first4 = J. H. | date = 21 June 2002 | title = American Beetles, Volume II: Polyphaga: Scarabaeoidea through Curculionoidea |publisher = CRC Press LLC, Boca Raton, Florida }} * {{cite book |last1 = Arnett |first1 = Ross H. |date = 2000 |title = American Insects: A Handbook of the Insects of America North of Mexico |publisher = CRC Press }} * {{cite book |last1 = White |first1 = Richard E. |date = 1983 |title = Peterson Field Guides: Beetles |publisher = Houghton Mifflin Company }} * {{cite journal |last1 = Riley |first1 = Edward G. |last2 = Clark |first2 = Shawn M. |last3 = Gilbert |first3 = Arthur J. |date = 2001 |title = New records, nomenclatural changes, and taxonomic notes for select North American leaf beetles |journal = Insecta Mundi |volume=15 |issue=1 |pages=1–17 }} {{Refend}}
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Category:Eumolpinae Category:Neofidia Category:Chrysomelidae genera Category:Beetles of North America Category:Beetles of Central America