Minuscule 481

{{New Testament manuscript infobox | form = Minuscule | number = '''481''' | image = Minuscule 481 C7796-08.JPG | isize = 220 | caption= Folio 1 verso, portrait of Matthew Evangelist | name = | sign = | text = Gospels | script = Greek | date = 2nd half of the 10th-century | found = | now at = British Library | cite = | size = {{×|22.4|17.7}} | type = Byzantine text-type | cat = V | hand = | note = elegant copy }}

'''Minuscule 481''' (in the Gregory-Aland numbering), ε 1017 (in the Soden numbering),<ref name = Gregory1908>{{Cite book |last=Gregory|first=Caspar René |author-link=Caspar René Gregory |title=Die griechischen Handschriften des Neuen Testament |url=https://archive.org/stream/diegriechischen00greggoog#page/n75/mode/2up |year=1908 |publisher=J. C. Hinrichs'sche Buchhandlung |location=Leipzig |page=65}}</ref> is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 10th-century. Scrivener labeled it by number 569. The manuscript has complex contents.

== Description ==

The codex contains the text of the four Gospels on 218 parchment leaves (size {{×|22.4|17.7}}). It is written in one column per page, 22 lines per page.<ref name = Gregory>{{Cite book | last = Gregory | first = Caspar René | author-link = Caspar René Gregory | title = Textkritik des Neuen Testaments | publisher = J.C. Hinrichs | year = 1900 | location = Leipzig | volume = 1 | page = 194 | url = https://archive.org/stream/textkritikdesne00greggoog#page/n207/mode/2up }}</ref><ref name = Aland>{{Cite book | last = Aland | first = Kurt | author-link = Kurt Aland |author2=M. Welte |author3=B. Köster |author4=K. Junack | title = Kurzgefasste Liste der griechischen Handschriften des Neues Testaments | publisher = Walter de Gruyter | year = 1994 | location = Berlin, New York | page = 76 | isbn = 3-11-011986-2 }}</ref> It is clean and elegant copy; before each Gospel is a picture of its writer, of no very high order of art, but curious enough.<ref name = FullandExact/> The half page of writing erased at the end of the Gospel of John.<ref name = FullandExact>F. H. A. Scrivener, ''A Full and Exact Collation of About 20 Greek Manuscripts of the Holy Gospels'' (Cambridge and London, 1852), p. XLVIII.</ref>

It is one of the very few manuscripts that are destitute of Liturgical apparatus. The style of the handwriting is unformed, the absence of all notes, {{lang|grc|κεφαλαια}} (''chapters''), etc. The only traces of which are red capitals in the marginal mark at John 13:31.{{r|FullandExact}} The breathings and accents are complete and tolerably correct. There is no ι subscriptum but ι adscriptum in Mark 14:14; John 5:22 and in few other places. Itacisms are more frequent than in Codex 470. Erasures and corrections by a later hand exist, but are not very frequent. One of the most remarkable errors of scribe Scrivener noticed in Mark 2:12 and Mark 6:55 – κραβατγον (instead of κραβαττον).{{r|FullandExact}}

Two inscriptions state that it belonged in 1809 to the Library of St. Laurence in the Escurial.{{r|FullandExact}}

It contains portraits of Evangelists.

== Text == thumb|right|220px|Beginning of Luke (1:1-7a), folio 102

The Greek text of the codex is a representative of the Byzantine text-type. Hermann von Soden classified it to the textual family Iκ (Family Π).<ref name = Wisse/> Aland placed it in Category V.<ref>{{Cite book | last = Aland | first = Kurt | author-link = Kurt Aland | last2 = Aland | first2 = Barbara | author-link2 = Barbara Aland | others = Erroll F. Rhodes (trans.) | title = The Text of the New Testament: An Introduction to the Critical Editions and to the Theory and Practice of Modern Textual Criticism | publisher = William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company | year = 1995 | location = Grand Rapids | page = [https://archive.org/details/textnewtestament00kurt/page/n161 139] | url = https://archive.org/details/textnewtestament00kurt | url-access = limited | isbn = 978-0-8028-4098-1}}</ref> According to the Claremont Profile Method it represents the textual family Kx in Luke 10 and Luke 20. In Luke 1 it belongs to the family Πa.<ref name = Wisse>{{Cite book | last = Wisse | first = Frederik | title = The Profile Method for the Classification and Evaluation of Manuscript Evidence, as Applied to the Continuous Greek Text of the Gospel of Luke | publisher = William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company | year = 1982 | location = Grand Rapids | page = [https://archive.org/details/profilemethodfor00wiss/page/61 61] | url = https://archive.org/details/profilemethodfor00wiss/page/61 | isbn = 0-8028-1918-4 | url-access = registration }}</ref>

The text of Luke 22:43.44 is marked by an obelus (÷).{{r|FullandExact}}

== History ==

Currently it is dated by the INTF to the 10th-century.{{r|Aland}}

The manuscript was held in Escorial, then it belonged to Charles Burney, as codices 480, 482, 484, 485, and '''ℓ''' ''184''.{{r|Gregory}} It was purchased for the British Museum in 1818.<ref name = Scrivener>{{Cite book | last = Scrivener | first = Frederick Henry Ambrose | author-link = Frederick Henry Ambrose Scrivener |author2=Edward Miller | title = A Plain Introduction to the Criticism of the New Testament | publisher = George Bell & Sons | year = 1894 | location = London | volume = 1 | page = 257 }}</ref>

The manuscript was examined and collated by Scrivener, who published its text in 1852.{{r|Gregory}} The manuscript was added to the list of New Testament manuscripts by Scrivener (569). Gregory gave number 481 to it.{{r|Gregory|Scrivener}} Gregory saw it in 1883.{{r|Gregory}}

It is currently housed at the British Library (Burney 19) in London.{{r|Aland}}

== References ==

== Further reading ==

* {{Cite book | author = F. H. A. Scrivener | title = A Full and Exact Collation of About 20 Greek Manuscripts of the Holy Gospels | location = Cambridge and London | year = 1852 | page = XLVIII}} (as o) * Frederic G. Kenyon, ''Facsimiles of Biblical Manuscripts in the British Museum'' (London, 1900), VI

== External links ==

{{Commons category|Minuscule 481 (GA)}} * [http://www.bl.uk/catalogues/illuminatedmanuscripts/record.asp?MSID=8097&CollID=18&NStart=19 Burney 19] at the British Library

{{DEFAULTSORT:Minuscule 0481}} Category:Greek New Testament minuscules Category:10th-century biblical manuscripts Category:Burney Collection Category:Manuscripts in the British Library