Minuscule 470

{{New Testament manuscript infobox | form = Minuscule | number = '''470''' | image = | isize = | caption= | name = | sign = | text = Gospels | script = Greek | date = 11th century | found = | now at = Lambeth Palace | cite = | size = {{×|30.2|24.7}} | type = Byzantine text-type | cat = V | hand = beautifully written | note = marginalia }}

'''Minuscule 470''' (in the Gregory-Aland numbering), ε 136 (in the Soden numbering),<ref name = Gregory1908>{{cite book|last=Gregory|first=Caspar René|author-link=Caspar René Gregory|title=Die griechischen Handschriften des Neuen Testament|url=https://archive.org/stream/diegriechischen00greggoog#page/n75/mode/2up|year=1908|publisher=J. C. Hinrichs'sche Buchhandlung|location=Leipzig|page=65}}</ref> is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 11th century. Scrivener labelled it number 509.<ref name = Scrivener/> It has marginalia.

== Description ==

The codex contains the text of the Gospels on 215 parchment leaves (size {{×|30.2|24.7}}), with only one lacuna (Matthew 1:1-13). The text is written in two columns per page, 23-24 lines per page.<ref name = Aland>{{Cite book | last = Aland | first = Kurt | author-link = Kurt Aland |author2=M. Welte |author3=B. Köster |author4=K. Junack | title = Kurzgefasste Liste der griechischen Handschriften des Neues Testaments | publisher = Walter de Gruyter | year = 1994 | location = Berlin, New York | page = 75 | isbn = 3-11-011986-2 }}</ref><ref name = Gregory>{{Cite book | last = Gregory | first = Caspar René | author-link = Caspar René Gregory | title = Textkritik des Neuen Testaments | publisher = J.C. Hinrichs | year = 1900 | location = Leipzig | volume = 1 | page = 192 | url = https://archive.org/stream/textkritikdesne00greggoog#page/n205/mode/2up }}</ref>

The text is divided according to the {{lang|grc|κεφαλαια}} (''chapters''), whose numbers are given at the margin, and the {{lang|grc|τιτλοι}} (''titles of chapters'') at the top of the pages. There is also a division according to the smaller Ammonian Sections (in Mark 234 sections – the last section in 16:9), with references to the Eusebian Canons (written below Ammonian section numbers).<ref name = Gregory/>

It contains lists of the {{lang|grc|κεφαλαια}} (''lists of contents'') before each of the Gospels, lectionary markings at the margin (''for liturgical service''), and subscriptions at the end of each of the Gospels.<ref name = Scrivener>{{Cite book | last = Scrivener | first = Frederick Henry Ambrose | author-link = Frederick Henry Ambrose Scrivener |author2=Edward Miller | title = A Plain Introduction to the Criticism of the New Testament | publisher = George Bell & Sons | year = 1894 | location = London | edition = 4 | volume = 1 | page = 249 }}</ref><ref name = Gregory/>

It was beautifully written in a clear bold hand. It has breathings and accents, tolerably but not uniformly correct.<ref>F. H. A. Scrivener, ''A Full and Exact Collation of About 20 Greek Manuscripts of the Holy Gospels'' (Cambridge and London, 1852), p. XXVI.</ref> The manuscript is remarkable free from the errors of itacism, or interchange of vowels (hiatus).<ref name = ExactCollation>F. H. A. Scrivener, [https://archive.org/stream/MN41408ucmf_5#page/n27/mode/2up ''A Full and Exact Collation of About 20 Greek Manuscripts of the Holy Gospels''] (Cambridge and London, 1852), p. XXVII.</ref>

The nomina sacra are contracted. N ephelkystikon is not frequent. Iota adscriptum is found twice, Iota subscriptum never.<ref>F. H. A. Scrivener, [https://archive.org/stream/MN41408ucmf_5#page/n29/mode/2up ''A Full and Exact Collation of About 20 Greek Manuscripts of the Holy Gospels''] (Cambridge and London, 1852), p. XXVII.</ref>

The liturgical apparatus has the larger {{lang|grc|κεφαλαια}} prefixed to the last three Gospels, capital letters at the commencement of the Church lessons in gold, the Ammonian Sections in the margin in red ink, and references to the Eusebian Canons in blue.<ref name = ExactCollation/>

== Text ==

The Greek text of the codex is a representative of the Byzantine text-type. According to Hermann von Soden it represents the Byzantine commentated text.<ref name = Wisse/> Aland placed it in Category V.<ref>{{Cite book | last = Aland | first = Kurt | author-link = Kurt Aland | last2 = Aland | first2 = Barbara | author-link2 = Barbara Aland | others = Erroll F. Rhodes (trans.) | title = The Text of the New Testament: An Introduction to the Critical Editions and to the Theory and Practice of Modern Textual Criticism | publisher = William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company | year = 1995 | location = Grand Rapids | page = 139 | isbn = 978-0-8028-4098-1}}</ref>

In the whole manuscript very few rare or noticeable readings will be found. According to Scrivener "it approaches as nearly to the received text as many of a much lower date".<ref name = ExactCollation/>

Hermann von Soden included it to the textual group Ak (subgroup of Kx). According to the Claremont Profile Method it belongs to the same textual cluster as the codex 490 in Luke 1; 10; 20.<ref name = Wisse>{{Cite book | last = Wisse | first = Frederik | title = The Profile Method for the Classification and Evaluation of Manuscript Evidence, as Applied to the Continuous Greek Text of the Gospel of Luke | publisher = William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company | year = 1982 | location = Grand Rapids | page = [https://archive.org/details/profilemethodfor00wiss/page/61 61] | url = https://archive.org/details/profilemethodfor00wiss/page/61 | isbn = 0-8028-1918-4 | url-access = registration }}</ref>

The text of the Pericope Adulterae (John 7:53-8:11) was omitted by original scribe, but was added by later hand at the end of the Gospel of John.<ref name = Gregory/>

== History ==

Currently it is dated by the INTF to the 11th century.<ref name = INTF>{{Cite web|url=http://intf.uni-muenster.de/vmr/NTVMR/ListeHandschriften.php|title=Liste Handschriften|publisher=Institute for New Testament Textual Research|access-date=9 April 2011|location=Münster}}</ref>

According to the inscription at the end (apparently in the same hand as John 7:53-8:11), it was once at Constantinople: <blockquote> επακουσον ημων ο θς η ελπις παντων των περατων της γης και των εν θαλασση μακραν και ρυσαι ο θς ημων την πολιν ταυτην και χωραν των χριστιανων απο λιμου λιμου [λοιμου] σισμου καταποντισμου πυρος μαχαιρας επιστιανων αλλοφιλον πολεων δαιμων (?) ημων επακουσον και ελαιησον.<ref name = ExactCollation/> </blockquote>

The manuscript was brought from the monastery in the Greek Archipelago to England by Carlyle (1759-1804), professor of Arabic, along with the manuscripts: 206, 471, 472, 473, 474, 475, 488, 642.{{r|Scrivener}}

It was added to the list of New Testament manuscripts by Scrivener (509) and Gregory (470).{{r|Gregory1908}}

The manuscript was examined and collated by J. Farrer of Carlisle in 1804, Scrivener, and C. R. Gregory (1883). Scrivener collated and edited its text in 1852.{{r|Gregory}}

It is currently housed at the Lambeth Palace (1175) in London.{{r|Aland|INTF}}

== References ==

== Further reading ==

* F. H. A. Scrivener, [https://archive.org/stream/MN41408ucmf_5#page/n27/mode/2up ''A Full and Exact Collation of About 20 Greek Manuscripts of the Holy Gospels''] (Cambridge and London, 1852), pp. XXVI-XXVII, 1-178. (as a)

== External links == * {{Cite web |url=http://intf.uni-muenster.de/vmr/NTVMR/ListeHandschriften.php?ObjID=30470 |title=Liste Handschriften |publisher=Institute for New Testament Textual Research |access-date= April 17, 2013 |location=Münster}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Minuscule 0470}} Category:Greek New Testament minuscules Category:11th-century biblical manuscripts