{{New Testament manuscript infobox | form = Minuscule | number = '''475''' | image = | isize = | caption= | name = | sign = | text = Gospels | script = Greek | date = 11th century | found = | now at = Lambeth Palace | cite = | size = {{×|20.4|15.5}} | type = Byzantine text-type | cat = V | hand = beautifully written | note = marginalia }}
'''Minuscule 475''' (in the Gregory-Aland numbering), α 138 (in the Soden numbering),<ref name = Gregory1908>{{cite book|last=Gregory|first=Caspar René|author-link=Caspar René Gregory|title=Die griechischen Handschriften des Neuen Testament|url=https://archive.org/stream/diegriechischen00greggoog#page/n75/mode/2up|year=1908|publisher=J. C. Hinrichs'sche Buchhandlung|location=Leipzig|page=65}}</ref> is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 11th century. Scrivener labelled it number 515. It has full marginalia.
== Description ==
The codex contains the text of the Gospels on 272 parchment leaves (size {{×|20.4|15.5}}),<ref name = Aland>{{Cite book | last = Aland | first = Kurt | author-link = Kurt Aland |author2=M. Welte |author3=B. Köster |author4=K. Junack | title = Kurzgefasste Liste der griechischen Handschriften des Neues Testaments | publisher = Walter de Gruyter | year = 1994 | location = Berlin, New York | page = 75 | isbn = 3-11-011986-2 }}</ref> with some lacunae (John 16:8-22). Other lacunae (Mark 3:6-21; Luke 12:48-12:2; John 18:27-21:25) were supplied on coarse cotton paper by a rude and later hand,<ref name = Gregory>{{Cite book | last = Gregory | first = Caspar René | author-link = Caspar René Gregory | title = Textkritik des Neuen Testaments | publisher = Hinrichs | year = 1900 | location = Leipzig | volume = 1 | page = 193 | url = https://archive.org/stream/textkritikdesne00greggoog#page/n205/mode/2up }}</ref> perhaps from 14th or 15th century. According to Scrivener the supplied texts were very carelessly written.<ref name = ExactXXXV/> The text is written in one column per page, 21-24 lines per page.<ref name = Aland/>
The text is divided according to the {{lang|grc|κεφαλαια}} (''chapters''), whose numbers are given at the margin, and the {{lang|grc|τιτλοι}} (''titles of chapters'') at the margin. There is also a division according to the Ammonian Sections (in Mark 233 Sections – the last section 16:8), with references to the Eusebian Canons (written below Ammonian section numbers).<ref name = Gregory/>
The capital letters and Ammonian Section numbers are in red, references to the Eusebian Canons in blue or green.<ref name = ExactXXXV/>
It contains tables of the {{lang|grc|κεφαλαια}} (''tables of contents'') before three of the Gospels (those of Matthew were lost),<ref name = ExactXXXV/> lectionary markings at the margin (for liturgical use), versification, and pictures.<ref name = Gregory/><ref name = Scrivener>{{Cite book | last = Scrivener | first = Frederick Henry Ambrose | author-link = Frederick Henry Ambrose Scrivener |author2=Edward Miller | title = A Plain Introduction to the Criticism of the New Testament | publisher = George Bell & Sons | year = 1894 | location = London | volume = 1 | page = 249 }}</ref> It is beautifully written but tampered by a later hand.<ref name = Scrivener/>
There is no iota subscriptum, but iota adscriptum occurs 21 times.<ref name = ExactXXXV>F. H. A. Scrivener, [https://archive.org/stream/MN41408ucmf_5#page/n37/mode/2up ''A Full and Exact Collation of About 20 Greek Manuscripts of the Holy Gospels''] (Cambridge and London, 1852), p. XXXV.</ref> In Luke 19:39 and Luke 22:70 occurs grammar form ειπαν.<ref name = ExactXXXV/> Fragments supplied by a later hand contain more itacisms than the manuscript itself.<ref name = ExactXXXV/> It has N ephelkystikon.<ref name = ExactXXXV/>
== Text ==
The Greek text of the codex is a representative of the Byzantine text-type. Hermann von Soden classified it to the textual family K<sup>x</sup>.<ref name = Wisse/> Aland placed it in Category V.<ref>{{Cite book | last = Aland | first = Kurt | author-link = Kurt Aland | last2 = Aland | first2 = Barbara | author-link2 = Barbara Aland | others = Erroll F. Rhodes (trans.) | title = The Text of the New Testament: An Introduction to the Critical Editions and to the Theory and Practice of Modern Textual Criticism | publisher = William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company | year = 1995 | location = Grand Rapids | page = [https://archive.org/details/textnewtestament00kurt/page/n161 139] | url = https://archive.org/details/textnewtestament00kurt | url-access = limited | isbn = 978-0-8028-4098-1}}</ref>
According to the Claremont Profile Method it represents textual family K<sup>x</sup> in Luke 1. In Luke 10 and Luke 20 it belongs to the textual cluster 475.<ref name = Wisse>{{Cite book | last = Wisse | first = Frederik | title = The Profile Method for the Classification and Evaluation of Manuscript Evidence, as Applied to the Continuous Greek Text of the Gospel of Luke | publisher = William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company | year = 1982 | location = Grand Rapids | page = [https://archive.org/details/profilemethodfor00wiss/page/61 61] | url = https://archive.org/details/profilemethodfor00wiss/page/61 | isbn = 0-8028-1918-4 | url-access = registration }}</ref>
In Luke 19-20 it has very good text, very close to the codex Sangallensis, and other old Uncials.<ref name = Scrivener/><ref name = Gregory/>
It has some rare readings in Matthew 1:20; 27:33; Mark 10:17; 15:7; Luke 1:34; 14:12.22.27; 15:7; 16:2; 18:6.39; 19:2.46; 20:3.4.12.24.25.28.31.38.47; 21:22.27; 22:17.46.47.56.68; 23:27.38.53; John 6:58.70; 10:23.<ref>F. H. A. Scrivener, [https://archive.org/stream/MN41408ucmf_5#page/n37/mode/2up ''A Full and Exact Collation of About 20 Greek Manuscripts of the Holy Gospels''] (Cambridge and London, 1852), pp. XXXV-XXXVI. (as f)</ref>
== History ==
F. H. A. Scrivener dated the manuscript to the 13th century, C. R. Gregory dated it to the 11th century.<ref name = Gregory/> Currently it is dated by the INTF to the 11th century.<ref name = Aland/>
The manuscript was once in Constantinople. It was brought from the East to England by Carlyle (1759-1804), professor of Arabic, from Syria, along with the manuscripts 470, 471, 472, 473, 474, 488.<ref name = Scrivener/>
The manuscript was examined by J. Farrer in 1804, Bloomfield, Scrivener, and Gregory. Scrivener collated and published its text in 1852.<ref name = Gregory/> The manuscript was added to the list of New Testament manuscripts by Scrivener (515)<ref name = Scrivener/> and Gregory (475). Gregory saw it in 1883.<ref name = Gregory/>
It is currently housed at the Lambeth Palace (1192) in London.<ref name = Aland/>
== See also ==
{{Portal|Bible}} * List of New Testament minuscules * Biblical manuscript * Textual criticism
== References ==
{{Reflist}}
== Further reading ==
* {{Cite book | author = F. H. A. Scrivener | title = A Full and Exact Collation of About 20 Greek Manuscripts of the Holy Gospels | url = https://archive.org/stream/MN41408ucmf_5#page/n35/mode/2up | location = Cambridge and London | year = 1853 | pages = XXXIV-XXXVI}} (as f)
{{DEFAULTSORT:Minuscule 0475}} Category:Greek New Testament minuscules Category:11th-century biblical manuscripts