{{pp|small=yes}} {{Short description|Public university in Montreal, Canada}} {{Redirect|McGill|other uses|McGill (disambiguation)}} {{Use Canadian English|date=May 2021}} {{Use mdy dates|date=March 2026}} {{Infobox university | name = McGill University | native_name = | native_name_lang = | other_name = {{native name|fr|Université McGill}} | image = McGill University CoA.svg | image_size = | image_upright = .5 | caption = Coat of arms | former_name = McGill College or University of McGill College (1821–1885) | motto = {{ubl|{{lang|la|Grandescunt Aucta Labore}}|'''On legend''': {{lang|la|In Domino Confido}}}} | mottoeng = {{ubl|"By work, all things increase and grow"|'''On legend''': "I trust in the Lord"<ref>{{Cite web |date=June 12, 2000 |title=Policy on use of the Wordmark and Insignia of McGill University |url=https://www.mcgill.ca/secretariat/files/secretariat/WordmarkandInsigniaofMcGillUniversity-Policyontheuseof.pdf |url-status=dead |access-date=May 16, 2021 |website=McGill.ca |page=3 |archive-date=May 16, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210516152350/https://www.mcgill.ca/secretariat/files/secretariat/WordmarkandInsigniaofMcGillUniversity-Policyontheuseof.pdf}}</ref>}} | type = Public research university | established = {{Start date and age|1821|03|31}}<ref name=Charter/> | closed = | founder = James McGill | sporting_affiliations = {{hlist|CIS| RSEQ| CUFLA |NEISA}} | academic_affiliation = AAU, ACU, AUCC, AUF, ATS, CARL, CBIE, BCI, CUSID, GULF, UArctic, UNAI, U15, URA | endowment = {{CAD|2.495}}{{nbsp}}billion<ref name=endowment>{{cite web |url=https://www.mcgill.ca/investments/files/investments/september_30_2025_-_english.pdf |archive-date=January 9, 2026 |archive-url=https://www.mcgill.ca/investments/files/investments/september_30_2025_-_english.pdf |url-status=live |title=Quarterly Reports | Office of Investments - McGill University |date=September 30, 2025}}</ref> | budget = {{CAD|1.555}}{{nbsp}}billion<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021 |title=McGill University Budget 2021–2022 |url=https://www.mcgill.ca/vpadmin/files/vpadmin/bog_report_2022_oct12.pdf |publisher=McGill University |access-date=December 4, 2022 |archive-date=December 5, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221205033805/https://www.mcgill.ca/vpadmin/files/vpadmin/bog_report_2022_oct12.pdf |url-status=live}}</ref> | chair = Maryse Bertrand | chancellor = Pierre Boivin | vice-president = | president = H. Deep Saini<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.mcgill.ca/newsroom/channels/news/mcgill-university-appoints-h-deep-saini-new-principal-and-vice-chancellor-343502 |title=McGill University appoints H. Deep Saini as new Principal and Vice-Chancellor |date=November 14, 2022 |language=en-CA |access-date=November 27, 2022 |archive-date=November 26, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221126212841/https://www.mcgill.ca/newsroom/channels/news/mcgill-university-appoints-h-deep-saini-new-principal-and-vice-chancellor-343502 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |author1=McGill Reporter Staff |title=Leadership nomenclature change: Principal to President |url=https://reporter.mcgill.ca/leadership-nomenclature-change-principal-to-president/ |website=McGill Reporter |access-date=April 25, 2024 |date=December 12, 2023 |archive-date=April 25, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240425173019/https://reporter.mcgill.ca/leadership-nomenclature-change-principal-to-president/ |url-status=live }}</ref> | director = | dean = | head_label = Visitor | head = Mary Simon (as Governor General of Canada) | academic_staff = 3,476 (staff) 1,747 tenure track, 1,667 non-tenure track (faculty)<ref name="auto">{{Cite web |url=https://www.mcgill.ca/budget/files/budget/mcgill_fy2022_budget_book_website.pdf |title=McGill FY 2022 Budget Book - Table 4: Staff Headcount, as of January 31 each year |website=mcgill.ca |access-date=May 30, 2022 |archive-date=July 24, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220724021152/https://www.mcgill.ca/budget/files/budget/mcgill_fy2022_budget_book_website.pdf |url-status=live}}</ref> | administrative_staff = 4,327<ref name="auto"/> | students = 39,920 (2024)<ref name="students">{{Cite web |date=2024 |title=Enrolments Report |url=https://www.mcgill.ca/es/registration-statistics |publisher=McGill University |access-date=April 2, 2022 |archive-date=September 24, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190924133447/https://www.mcgill.ca/es/registration-statistics |url-status=live}}</ref> | undergrad = 27,737 (2024)<ref name="students"/> | postgrad = 10,072 (2024)<ref name="students"/> | doctoral = | other = 2,111 (2024)<ref name="students"/> | city = Montreal, Quebec | country = Canada | postalcode = | coordinates = {{Coord|45|30|18|N|73|34|39|W|region:CA-QC_type:edu|display=title,inline}} | campus = {{ubl|Urban|Downtown: {{convert|80|acre|ha|abbr=on|order=flip}}<ref name="mcgill.ca1">{{Cite web |date=2015 |title=Campus Planning |url=https://www.mcgill.ca/campusplanning/planning-services/campus-planning |access-date=June 3, 2015 |archive-date=November 6, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181106194841/https://www.mcgill.ca/campusplanning/planning-services/campus-planning |url-status=dead}}</ref>|Macdonald Campus: {{convert|1600|acre|ha|abbr=on|order=flip}}<ref name="mcgill.ca1"/>|Outaouais Campus}} | language = English | colours = McGill Red and White<ref>Visual identity guide. McGill Visual Identity. (September 23, 2021). Retrieved April 21, 2022, from https://mcgill.ca/visual-identity/visual-identity-guide#visualsystems {{Webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200804073052/https://mcgill.ca/visual-identity/visual-identity-guide#visualsystems |date=August 4, 2020 }}</ref><br> {{Color box|#ee3c30}} {{Color box|#ffffff}} | sports_nickname = Redbirds and Martlets | mascot = Marty the Martlet | symbol = | website = {{URL|https://www.mcgill.ca/}} | logo = Mcgill univ ca logo.png | logo_size = | logo_upright = | logo_alt = | footnotes = | free_label = Newspapers | free = ''The McGill Daily''<br />''The Tribune'' }}
<!--- Please REFER TO THE TALK PAGE before making any edits to the lead, especially if it relates to rankings. The lead was completely reworked as part of a major copyedit. See talk page before you revert or add in significant details. ---> '''McGill University''' ({{langx|fr|Université McGill}}) is an English-language public research university in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. Founded in 1821 by royal charter,<ref name="Frost, Stanley Brice 1895">Frost, Stanley Brice. ''McGill University, Vol. I. For the Advancement of Learning, 1801–1895.'' McGill-Queen's University Press, 1980. {{ISBN|978-0-7735-0353-3}}</ref> the university bears the name of James McGill, a Scottish merchant,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Who was James McGill? |url=https://www.mcgill.ca/about/history/who-was-james-mcgill |access-date=April 11, 2024 |website=McGill |language=en |archive-date=April 25, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240425011431/https://www.mcgill.ca/about/history/who-was-james-mcgill |url-status=live }}</ref> whose bequest in 1813 established the '''University of McGill College'''. In 1885, the name of the university was officially changed to McGill University.
McGill has an enrolment of more than 39,000 students. Its main campus is on the slope of Mount Royal in downtown Montreal in the borough of Ville-Marie, with a second campus situated in Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, {{convert|30|km}} west of the main campus on Montreal Island. The University is one of two members of the Association of American Universities located outside the United States,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.aau.edu/about/article.aspx?id=5474 |title=Association of American Universities |publisher=Aau.edu |access-date=November 5, 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130114071434/http://www.aau.edu/about/article.aspx?id=5474 |archive-date=January 14, 2013}}</ref> alongside the University of Toronto, and is the only Canadian member of the Global University Leaders Forum (GULF) within the World Economic Forum.<ref name="McGill newsroom">{{cite web |title=McGill newsroom |url=https://www.mcgill.ca/channels/news/mcgill-university-joins-global-university-leaders-forum-260727 |access-date=May 12, 2016 |archive-date=May 11, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160511170109/http://www.mcgill.ca/channels/news/mcgill-university-joins-global-university-leaders-forum-260727 |url-status=live}}</ref> The university offers degrees and diplomas in over 300 fields of study. Most students are enrolled in the six largest faculties: Arts, Science, Medicine, Education, Engineering, and Management.<ref name="Enrolment">{{cite web |title=Enrolment Reports |url=https://www.mcgill.ca/es/registration-statistics/ |publisher=McGill University |access-date=April 26, 2010 |archive-date=September 23, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170923191726/http://mcgill.ca/es/registration-statistics |url-status=live}}</ref>
McGill alumni, faculty, and affiliates include 15 Nobel laureates and 149 Rhodes Scholars,<ref>https://reporter.mcgill.ca/next-stop-oxford/</ref>1 Turing Award winner,<ref>[https://www.mcgill.ca/newsroom/channels/news/bengio-co-recipient-am-turing-award-295735 "Bengio co-recipient of A.M. Turing Award"], ''McGill Newsroom'', March 27, 2019. Retrieved on January 10, 2026.</ref> 3 former prime ministers of Canada, 2 governors general of Canada, and 14 justices of the Supreme Court of Canada. McGill alumni also include 9 Academy Award winners, 13 Grammy Award winners, 15 Emmy Award winners, 4 Pulitzer Prize winners, and 121 Olympians with over 35 Olympic medals.<sup>[''ambiguous'']</sup>
==History== ===Royal Institution for the Advancement of Learning=== [[File:James McGill.jpg|thumb|upright|James McGill, the original benefactor of McGill University]] The Royal Institution for the Advancement of Learning (RIAL) was created in 1801 under an Act of the Legislative Assembly of Lower Canada (41 George III Chapter 17), ''An Act for the establishment of Free Schools and the Advancement of Learning in this Province''.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.mcgill.ca/secretariat/files/secretariat/free-schools-advancement-learning.pdf |title=An Act for the Establishment of Free Schools and the Advancement of Learning in this Province |access-date=April 6, 2016 |archive-date=April 20, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160420003222/https://www.mcgill.ca/secretariat/files/secretariat/free-schools-advancement-learning.pdf |url-status=live}}</ref> The RIAL was initially authorized to operate two new Royal Grammar Schools, in Quebec City and in Montreal. This was a turning point for public education in Lower Canada as the schools were created by legislation, which showed the government's willingness to support the costs of education and even the salary of a schoolmaster. This was an important first step in the creation of non-denominational schools. When James McGill died in 1813, his bequest was administered by the RIAL.
In 1846, the Royal Grammar School in Quebec City closed, and the one in Montreal merged with the High School of Montreal. By the mid-19th century, the RIAL had lost control of the other eighty-two grammar schools it had administered.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.archives.mcgill.ca/resources/guide/vol2_3/gen03.htm |title=Education |work=McGill University Archives |access-date=June 4, 2012 |archive-date=February 25, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210225091815/http://www.archives.mcgill.ca/resources/guide/vol2_3/gen03.htm |url-status=live}}</ref> However, in 1853 it took over the High School of Montreal from the school's board of directors and continued to operate it until 1870.<ref>[http://www.archives.mcgill.ca/resources/guide/vol2_3/gen03.htm Guide to the Archives, vol. 2] {{Webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210225091815/http://www.archives.mcgill.ca/resources/guide/vol2_3/gen03.htm |date=February 25, 2021 }} at archives.mcgill.ca, accessed December 28, 2017</ref><ref>James Collins Miller, ''National Government and Education in Federated Democracies, Dominion of Canada'' (1940), p. 44</ref> Thereafter, its sole remaining purpose was to administer the McGill bequest on behalf of the private college. The RIAL continues to exist today; it is the corporate identity that runs the university and its various constituent bodies, including the former Macdonald College (now Macdonald Campus), the Montreal Neurological Institute, and the Royal Victoria College (the former women's college turned residence). Since the revised Royal Charter of 1852, the trustees of the RIAL are the board of governors of McGill University.<ref name="Frost, Stanley Brice 1895"/>
===McGill College=== [[File:George Jehoshaphat Mountain.jpg|thumb|right|150px|The first Principal of McGill College, The Rt. Rev. George Mountain|alt=George Jehoshaphat Mountain.jpg]] James McGill was born in Glasgow, Scotland, on October 6, 1744. He was a successful merchant in Quebec, having matriculated into the University of Glasgow in 1756.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://faculty.marianopolis.edu/c.belanger/quebechistory/encyclopedia/JamesMcGill-QuebecHistory.htm |title=James McGill – Quebec History |publisher=Faculty.marianopolis.edu |access-date=June 4, 2012 |archive-date=February 24, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210224080616/http://faculty.marianopolis.edu/c.belanger/quebechistory/encyclopedia/JamesMcGill-QuebecHistory.htm |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Everett-Green |first=Robert |date=May 12, 2018 |title=200 Years a Slave: The Dark History of Captivity in Canada |url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com/opinion/200-years-a-slave-the-dark-history-of-captivity-in-canada/article17178374/ |work=The Globe and Mail |access-date=September 25, 2019 |archive-date=June 15, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190615044938/https://www.theglobeandmail.com/opinion/200-years-a-slave-the-dark-history-of-captivity-in-canada/article17178374/ |url-status=live}}</ref> Soon afterwards, McGill left for North America to explore the business opportunities there, especially in the fur trade. McGill was also a slave owner, and the McGill household enslaved at least five Black and Indigenous people.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Who was James McGill? |url=https://www.mcgill.ca/about/history/who-was-james-mcgill |access-date=May 1, 2024 |website=About McGill |language=en |archive-date=April 30, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240430233222/https://www.mcgill.ca/about/history/who-was-james-mcgill |url-status=live }}</ref> Between 1811 and 1813,<ref>{{cite web |last=Millman |first=Thomas R. |title=Mountain, Jacob |volume=6 |url=http://www.biographi.ca/en/bio/mountain_jacob_6E.html |access-date=June 8, 2008 |archive-date=March 13, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160313154825/http://www.biographi.ca/en/bio/mountain_jacob_6E.html |url-status=live}}</ref> he drew up a will leaving his "Burnside estate", a {{convert|19|ha|acre|adj=on|abbr=off}} tract of rural land and £10,000 to the Royal Institution for the Advancement of Learning.<ref>{{cite web |title=History |publisher=McGill University General Information |date=March 8, 2007 |url=https://www.mcgill.ca/about/history/ |access-date=September 4, 2017 |archive-date=September 4, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170904201221/https://www.mcgill.ca/about/history |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=The Gallery: James McGill's Will |work=McGill University Archives |year=2003 |url=http://archives.mcgill.ca/public/exhibits/installation/main/gallery-will.htm |access-date=May 2, 2008 |archive-date=June 30, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170630040935/http://archives.mcgill.ca/public/exhibits/installation/main/gallery-will.htm |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Kip">{{cite web |title=Colleges A–M |publisher=Kipnotes.com |year=2001 |url=http://www.kipnotes.com/Colleges.htm |access-date=June 8, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120224041914/http://www.kipnotes.com/Colleges.htm |archive-date=February 24, 2012}}</ref>
As a condition of the bequest, the land and funds had to be used for the establishment of a "University or College, for the purposes of Education and the Advancement of Learning in the said Province."<ref name=Charter/> The will specified a private, constituent college<ref name="Frost, Stanley Brice 1895"/> bearing his name would have to be established within ten years of his death; otherwise, the bequest would revert to the heirs of his wife.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.mcgill.ca/about/history/ |title=Foundation History |publisher=McGill University |access-date=June 4, 2012 |archive-date=September 4, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170904201221/https://www.mcgill.ca/about/history |url-status=live}}</ref>
On March 31, 1821, after protracted legal battles with the Desrivières family (the heirs of his wife), McGill College received a royal charter from King George IV. The charter provided the college should be deemed and taken as a University, with the power of conferring degrees.<ref name=Charter>{{cite web |url=http://archives.mcgill.ca/public/exhibits/installation/main/gallery-1821.htm |title=The Gallery: 1821 Charter |work=McGill University Archives |date=May 17, 1940 |access-date=June 4, 2012 |archive-date=July 30, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120730122748/http://archives.mcgill.ca/public/exhibits/installation/main/gallery-1821.htm |url-status=live}}</ref> The third Lord Bishop of Quebec, The Right Reverend George Mountain, (DCL, Oxford) was appointed the first principal of McGill College and a professor of divinity. He is also responsible for the creation of Bishop's University in 1843 and Bishop's College School in 1836 in the Eastern Townships.<ref>{{cite web |publisher=McGill University Archives |date=2003 |title=Principal George Jehoshaphat Mountain, 1824-1835 |access-date=July 18, 2020 |url=http://www.archives.mcgill.ca/public/exhibits/installation/main/mountain.htm |archive-date=January 27, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200127051643/http://www.archives.mcgill.ca/public/exhibits/installation/main/mountain.htm |url-status=live}}</ref>
===University development=== ====Campus expansions==== [[File:Sir William Dawson 1884.jpg|thumb|right|upright|Sir John William Dawson, Principal of McGill University, 1855–1893]] [[File:Arts Building, McGill University, Aug 31 2022.jpg|thumb|The Arts Building, completed in 1843 and designed by John Ostell, is the oldest existing building on campus.]] Although McGill College received its Royal Charter in 1821, it was inactive until 1829 when the Montreal Medical Institution, which had been founded in 1823, became the college's first academic unit and Canada's first medical school. The Faculty of Medicine granted its first degree, a Doctorate of Medicine and Surgery, in 1833; this was also the first medical degree to be awarded in Canada.<ref>Crawford, DS. ''Montreal, medicine and William Leslie Logie: McGill's first graduate and Canada's first medical graduate. 175th. anniversary''. Osler Library Newsletter # 109, 2008 [https://www.mcgill.ca/library/files/library/No1092008.pdf] {{Webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181113035024/https://www.mcgill.ca/library/files/library/No1092008.pdf|date=November 13, 2018}}</ref>
The Faculty of Medicine remained the school's only functioning faculty until 1843 when the Faculty of Arts commenced teaching in the newly constructed Arts Building and East Wing (Dawson Hall).<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.med.mcgill.ca/obgyn/departmenthistory.htm |title=Department History |publisher=McGill University Health Centre, Montreal |date=August 13, 2005 |access-date=January 13, 2009 |url-status=unfit |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090113060229/http://www.med.mcgill.ca/obgyn/departmenthistory.htm |archive-date=January 13, 2009}}</ref>
The Faculty of Law was founded in 1848 and is also the oldest of its kind in the nation. In 1896, the McGill School of Architecture was the second architecture school to be established in Canada, six years after the University of Toronto in 1890.<ref>{{cite web |author=Marco Polo |url=https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/architectural-education |title=Architectural Education |publisher=The Canadian Encyclopedia |access-date=August 18, 2019 |archive-date=July 21, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190721190153/https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/architectural-education |url-status=live}}</ref> Sir John William Dawson, McGill's principal from 1855 to 1893, is often credited with transforming the school into a modern University.<ref name="transformation">{{cite web |url=http://www.medicine.mcgill.ca/history/ |title=McGill University Faculty of Medicine: History |access-date=July 23, 2011 |url-status=unfit |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110723141730/http://www.medicine.mcgill.ca/history/ |archive-date=July 23, 2011}}</ref>
William Spier designed the addition of the West Wing of the Arts Building for William Molson, 1861.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://dictionaryofarchitectsincanada.org/architects/view/1403 |title=Spier, William |publisher=Dictionaryofarchitectsincanada.org |access-date=June 4, 2012 |archive-date=October 21, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141021025100/http://www.dictionaryofarchitectsincanada.org/architects/view/1403 |url-status=dead}}</ref> Alexander Francis Dunlop designed major alterations to the East Wing of McGill College (now called the Arts Building, McGill University) for Prof. Bovey and the Science Dept., 1888.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://dictionaryofarchitectsincanada.org/architects/view/1651 |title=Alexander Francis Dunlop |publisher=Dictionaryofarchitectsincanada.org |access-date=June 4, 2012 |archive-date=June 1, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200601131902/http://dictionaryofarchitectsincanada.org/architects/view/1651/ |url-status=dead}}</ref> George Allan Ross designed the Pathology Building, 1922–23; the Neurological Institute, 1933; Neurological Institute addition 1938 at McGill University.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.dictionaryofarchitectsincanada.org/architects/view/1416 |title=Biographic Dictionary of Architects in Canada 1800–1950 Andrew Taylor (Architect) |publisher=Dictionaryofarchitectsincanada.org |access-date=June 4, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120425152701/http://www.dictionaryofarchitectsincanada.org/architects/view/1416 |archive-date=April 25, 2012 |url-status=dead}}</ref> Jean Julien Perrault (architect) designed the McTavish Street residence for Charles E. Gravel, which is now called David Thompson House (1934).<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.dictionaryofarchitectsincanada.org/architects/view/1387 |title=Jean Julien Perrault (architect) |publisher=Dictionaryofarchitectsincanada.org |access-date=June 4, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120303095848/http://www.dictionaryofarchitectsincanada.org/architects/view/1387 |archive-date=March 3, 2012 |url-status=dead}}</ref>
====Women's education==== Women's education at McGill began in 1884 when Donald Smith (later the Lord Strathcona and Mount Royal), began funding separate lectures for women, given by University staff members. The first degrees granted to women at McGill were conferred in 1888.<ref>{{cite web |author=Michael Clarke |url=http://www.ccheritage.ca/biographies/williamdawson.php |title=William Dawson |publisher=Ccheritage.ca |access-date=June 4, 2012 |archive-date=May 17, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080517085459/http://www.ccheritage.ca/biographies/williamdawson.php |url-status=live}}</ref> In 1899, the Royal Victoria College (RVC) opened as a residential college for women at McGill with Hilda D. Oakeley as the head. Until the 1970s, all female undergraduate students, known as "Donaldas," were considered to be members of RVC.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.archives.mcgill.ca/public/hist_mcgill/rvc/rvc.htm |title=Royal Victoria College |work=McGill University Archives |date=March 24, 2004 |access-date=June 4, 2012 |archive-date=February 24, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210224125915/http://www.archives.mcgill.ca/public/hist_mcgill/rvc/rvc.htm |url-status=live}}</ref> Beginning in the autumn of 2010, the newer Tower section of Royal Victoria College became a mixed gender dormitory, whereas the older West Wing remains strictly for women. Both the Tower and the West Wing of Royal Victoria College form part of the university's residence system.<ref name="Royal Victoria College">{{Cite web |date=April 1, 2022 |title=Royal Victoria College |url=https://www.mcgill.ca/students/housing/residence-options/downtown-undergrad/rvc |access-date=April 1, 2022 |website=McGill Student Housing |archive-date=April 1, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220401070902/https://www.mcgill.ca/students/housing/residence-options/downtown-undergrad/rvc |url-status=live}}</ref>
===McGill and World War I=== thumb|The Second University Company prior to their departure for France thumb|right|Stained Glass Great War Memorial entrance to the Blackader-Lauterman Library of Architecture and Art Many students and alumni enlisted in the first wave of patriotic fervour that swept the nation in 1914 at the outbreak of World War I, but in the spring of 1915—after the first wave of heavy Canadian casualties at Ypres—Hamilton Gault, the founder of the Canadian regiment and a wealthy Montreal businessman, was faced with a desperate shortage of troops. When he reached out to his friends at home for support, over two hundred were commissioned from the ranks, and many more would serve as soldiers throughout the war. On their return to Canada after the war, Major George McDonald and Major George Currie formed the accounting firm McDonald Currie, which later became one of the founders of Price Waterhouse Coopers.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.pwc.com/ca/en/about-us/our-history/currie-mcdonald.jhtml |title=Our History: George S. Currie and George C. McDonald |publisher=PricewaterhouseCoopers Canada |access-date=September 20, 2014 |archive-date=April 2, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402110130/http://www.pwc.com/ca/en/about-us/our-history/currie-mcdonald.jhtml |url-status=live}}</ref> Captain Percival Molson was killed in action in July 1917. Percival Molson Memorial Stadium at McGill is named in his honour.
The War Memorial Hall (more generally known as Memorial Hall) is a landmark building on the campus of McGill University. At the dedication ceremony, the Governor General of Canada (Harold Alexander, 1st Earl Alexander of Tunis) laid the cornerstone. Dedicated on October 6, 1946, the Memorial Hall and adjoining Memorial Pool honour students who had enlisted and died in the First World War, and in the Second World War. In Memorial Hall, there are two Stained Glass Regimental badges, World War I and World War II Memorial Windows by Charles William Kelsey c. 1950/1.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://spectrum.library.concordia.ca/110/1/MM05144.pdf |title=The Stained Glass War Memorials of Charles William Kelsey |access-date=June 4, 2012 |archive-date=February 25, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210225122240/https://spectrum.library.concordia.ca/110/1/MM05144.pdf |url-status=live}}</ref>
A war memorial window (1950) by Charles William Kelsey in the McGill War Memorial Hall depicts the figure of St. Michael and the badges of the Navy, Army and the Air Force. A Great War memorial window featuring Saint George and a slain dragon at the entrance to the Blackader-Lauterman Library of Architecture and Art is dedicated to the memory of 23 members of the McGill chapter of Delta Upsilon who gave their lives in the Great War.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.cmp-cpm.forces.gc.ca/dhh-dhp/nic-inm/sm-rm/mdsr-rdr-eng.asp?PID=8286 |title=McGill Chapter of Delta Upsilon Great War Memorial Window |publisher=Chief Military Personnel |access-date=September 20, 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006101437/http://www.cmp-cpm.forces.gc.ca/dhh-dhp/nic-inm/sm-rm/mdsr-rdr-eng.asp?PID=8286 |archive-date=October 6, 2014}}</ref>
There is a memorial archway at Macdonald Campus, two additional floors added to the existing Sir Arthur Currie gymnasium, a hockey rink and funding for an annual Memorial Assembly. A Book of Remembrance on a marble table contains the names of those lost in both World Wars. On November 11, 2012, the McGill Remembers website launched; the University War Records Office collected documents between 1940 and 1946 related to McGill students, staff and faculty in the Second World War.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.archives.mcgill.ca/public/exhibits/mcgillremembers/index.htm |title=McGill University remembers the Second World War |publisher=McGill University |year=2013 |access-date=September 20, 2014 |archive-date=February 24, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210224211825/http://www.archives.mcgill.ca/public/exhibits/mcgillremembers/index.htm |url-status=live}}</ref>
===Founder of universities and colleges=== McGill was instrumental in founding several major universities and colleges. It established the first post-secondary institutions in British Columbia to provide degree programs to the growing cities of Vancouver and Victoria. It chartered Victoria College in 1903 as an affiliated junior college of McGill, offering first and second-year courses in arts and science, until it became today's University of Victoria. British Columbia's first University was incorporated in Vancouver in 1908 as the McGill University College of British Columbia. The private institution granted McGill degrees until it became the independent University of British Columbia in 1915.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.library.ubc.ca/archives/mucbc.html |title=Higher Education in British Columbia Before the Establishment of UBC – UBC Archives |publisher=Library.ubc.ca |access-date=June 4, 2012 |archive-date=May 23, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120523154045/http://www.library.ubc.ca/archives/mucbc.html |url-status=live}}</ref>
Dawson College began in 1945 as a satellite campus of McGill to absorb the anticipated influx of students after World War II. Many students in their first three years in the Faculty of Engineering took courses at Dawson College to relieve the McGill campus for the later two years for their degree course. Dawson eventually became independent of McGill and evolved into the first English CEGEP in Quebec. Another CEGEP, John Abbott College, was established in 1971 at the campus of McGill's Macdonald College.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://mje.mcgill.ca/article/viewFile/7916/5845 |title=Historical Background of the English-Language CEGEPs of Quebec |last=Edwards |first=Reginald |website=mje.mcgill.ca |access-date=April 22, 2019 |archive-date=June 28, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190628112320/http://mje.mcgill.ca/article/viewFile/7916/5845 |url-status=live}}</ref>
Both founders of the University of Alberta, Premier Alexander Cameron Rutherford of Alberta and Henry Marshall Tory, were also McGill alumni. In addition, McGill alumni and professors, Sir William Osler and Howard Atwood Kelly, were among the four founders and early faculty members of the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/about/history/history5.html |title=The Four Founding Physicians |publisher=Johns Hopkins Medicine |access-date=August 27, 2014 |archive-date=March 10, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150310220741/http://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/about/history/history5.html |url-status=dead}}</ref> Osler eventually became the first Physician-in-Chief of the new Johns Hopkins Hospital in Baltimore, Maryland, US in 1889. He led the creation of the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine in 1893.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://profiles.nlm.nih.gov/ps/retrieve/Narrative/GF/p-nid/363 |title=The William Osler Papers: "Father of Modern Medicine": The Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, 1889-1905 |website=profiles.nlm.nih.gov |date=March 13, 2019 |access-date=April 22, 2019 |archive-date=September 24, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190924020306/https://profiles.nlm.nih.gov/ps/retrieve/Narrative/GF/p-nid/363 |url-status=dead}}</ref> Other McGill alumni founded the Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry in the 1880s.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.schulich.uwo.ca/about/who_we_are/our_history/index.html |title=Our History - Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry - Western University |website=www.schulich.uwo.ca |access-date=April 22, 2019 |archive-date=September 10, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190910164149/https://www.schulich.uwo.ca/about/who_we_are/our_history/index.html |url-status=live}}</ref> By 1961, McGill had an enrolment of 8,507 students and 925 graduate students.<ref>{{Cite web |last=B. Macdonald |first=John |date=1962 |title=Higher education in British Columbia and a plan for the future |url=https://www.bccat.ca/Media/NEWBCCAT/pubs/HighEdBCPlan.pdf |access-date=February 16, 2023 |archive-date=February 16, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230216093548/https://www.bccat.ca/Media/NEWBCCAT/pubs/HighEdBCPlan.pdf |url-status=live}}</ref> Since the 1960s McGill has experienced government funding curtailment.<ref name="McGill budget cuts">{{cite web |last1=Fried |first1=Jonah |title=Making sense of McGill's underfunding crisis |url=https://www.mcgilltribune.com/making-sense-of-mcgills-underfunding-crisis/ |website=The McGill Tribune |access-date=February 16, 2023 |archive-date=February 16, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230216082852/https://www.mcgilltribune.com/making-sense-of-mcgills-underfunding-crisis/ |url-status=live}}</ref> According to a 2016 report, McGill had a $1.3 billion deferred maintenance bill.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Agarwal |first1=Astha |title=McGill faces $1.3 billion in deferred maintenance costs |url=https://www.mcgilltribune.com/news/mcgill-faces-1-3-billion-in-deferred-maintenance-costs-123049/ |website=The McGill Tribune |access-date=February 16, 2023 |archive-date=February 16, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230216085111/https://www.mcgilltribune.com/news/mcgill-faces-1-3-billion-in-deferred-maintenance-costs-123049/ |url-status=live}}</ref> The report also identified that 73 per cent of the university's buildings were in poor or very poor shape.<ref>{{cite news |title=40% of Quebec university buildings in poor condition, government report says |work=CBC News |publisher=Canadian Broadcasting Corporation |url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/montreal/mcgill-concordia-quebec-buildings-university-1.3793180 |access-date=February 16, 2023 |archive-date=February 16, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230216085111/https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/montreal/mcgill-concordia-quebec-buildings-university-1.3793180 |url-status=live}}</ref>
=== Controversies of the 20th and 21st century ===
==== Quotas on Jewish students ==== McGill University, alongside other universities like Sir George Williams University (now part of Concordia University) and the University of Toronto Faculty of Medicine, had longstanding quotas in place from 1920 to the late 1960s on the number of Jews admitted to the respective universities.<ref>Gerald Tulchinsky, ''Canada's Jews: A People's Journey'', (Toronto: University of Toronto Press), 2008, p. 132-133, 319-321.</ref><ref>Tulchinsky, ''Canada's Jews'', p. 133.</ref><ref>Tulchinsky, ''Canada's Jews'', p. 410.</ref> The quota limited the Jewish student population in medicine and law to at most 10 per cent.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://imjm.ca/location/1565 |title=Museum of Jewish Montreal |website=imjm.ca |access-date=July 24, 2021 |archive-date=August 31, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210831023613/http://imjm.ca/location/1565 |url-status=live}}</ref> The only Montreal-based universities that did not impose such quotas was the Université de Montréal.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Brief History of Antisemitism in Canada |url=https://museeholocauste.ca/app/uploads/2017/01/brief-history-antisemitism-canada.pdf |website=Holocaust Museum of Montreal |access-date=January 3, 2025 |archive-date=January 8, 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250108213136/https://museeholocauste.ca/app/uploads/2017/01/brief-history-antisemitism-canada.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Bélanger |first=Claude |title=Quebec History |url=http://faculty.marianopolis.edu/c.belanger/quebechistory/events/natpart3.htm |access-date=January 3, 2025 |website=faculty.marianopolis.edu |archive-date=January 14, 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250114184721/http://faculty.marianopolis.edu/c.belanger/QuebecHistory/events/natpart3.htm |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Fineberg |first=Sheri |date=2009 |title=Jewish Students in Canadian Universities: The Rise and Fall of a Quota System |url=https://quescren.concordia.ca/en/resource/QRXAID33 |journal=Canadian Content: The McGill Undergraduate Journal of Canadian Studies |language=en |volume=1 |pages=147–171 |archive-date=March 21, 2025 |access-date=January 3, 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250321001025/https://quescren.concordia.ca/en/resource/QRXAID33 |url-status=live }}</ref>
==== Involvement in ''MKUltra'' and Human Experimentation ==== {{further|Montreal experiments}} On June 1, 1951, representatives of the Central Intelligence Agency of the United States (CIA) held a meeting at the Ritz-Carlton Montreal hotel with British and Canadian officials with the aim of discussing intelligence regarding rumours of brainwashing techniques developed by the Soviet Union. One guest at the meeting was Donald O. Hebb, director of McGill University's psychology program: during the meeting, he suggested that the Soviets were able to manipulate prisoners through sensory deprivation techniques and the use of isolation. Three months later, Hebb received a grant from the Canadian Department of National Defence to conduct classified sensory deprivation experiments: these initial experiments, conducted on students at the university, were voluntary and paid their subjects 20 dollars per day. The experiments proved fruitful, as Hebb was able to make students who previously trusted in science now believing that it was dishonest, as well as being convinced of the existence of ghosts.<ref name="NaomiKlein">{{cite book |last=Klein |first=Naomi |date=September 18, 2007 |chapter=Chapter 1: The Torture Lab: Ewen Cameron, the CIA and the Maniacal Quest to Erase and Remake the Human Mind |title=The Shock Doctrine: The Rise of Disaster Capitalism |location=New York |publisher=Metropolitan Books |isbn=978-1-4299-1948-7}}</ref>
Prior to conducting the experiments, Hebb had initially been under the impression that his work was meant to eventually train soldiers to resist these techniques when captured, but realized early on that it also had implications for interrogation, as it made potential interrogatees more prone to suggestion. Four of the subjects had also remarked during the experiments that they were experiencing torture; none of the subjects experienced more than two to three days of isolation, as Hebb was concerned about the scientific ethics of continuing the experiments for a longer period of time. In spite of this, beginning in 1957 and with significant financial support from the CIA, fellow McGill researcher Donald Ewen Cameron sought to explore the effects of one to two months of continuous isolation and sensory deprivation. Privately, Cameron indicated that his ultimate goal was to seemingly rewrite the human mind.<ref>{{cite book |last=Weinstein |first=Harvey M. |date=1990 |title=Psychiatry and the CIA: Victims of Mind Control |location=Washington, D.C. |publisher=American Psychiatric Press |page=122 |isbn=978-0-8804-8363-6}}</ref>
Rather than conducting voluntary experiments, Cameron instead tested on patients at the university's Allan Memorial Institute without their consent, even when they had only complained of minor issues such as anxiety. Cameron also combined the techniques with enhanced electroconvulsive therapy to cause amnesia, shocking the patients twelve times per day for a month (compared to the recommended dosage of six times per day for four days). To further induce suggestibility, he dosed them with a large amount of drugs without their knowledge, including LSD and PCP. With the university's consent, he partially renovated the institute building to expand his experiments, including adding a soundproofed pitch-black room to the basement and remodeling the horse stables into specialized "isolation boxes" with a similar structure. The latter had patients kept within them for weeks at a time, with one patient being kept there for 35 consecutive days.<ref>{{cite book |last=Marks |first=John D. |date=1978 |title=The Search for the Manchurian Candidate: The CIA and Mind Control |location=New York |publisher=Times Books |page=138 |isbn=978-0-8129-0773-5}}</ref> Cameron also maintained "sleep rooms:" there, patients would be induced to sleep for 20 to 22 hours per day, being turned over by the institute's nurses every two hours to prevent bed sores and only wakened for meals or to use the washroom. The nurses were not allowed to tell or indicate to the patients in any way how long they had been in the room, nor were the patients permitted to speak to the nurses. In most cases, patients in the sleep rooms would spend between 15 and 30 days there, though the stays could span as much as 65 days. Lastly, to prevent one group of patients from leaving their room, Cameron dosed them with curare, paralyzing them until the experiment was over. The experiments were funded until 1961; they were then directly cited by the CIA in a 1963 interrogation techniques manual, which explicitly clarified that the techniques themselves were illegal and required approval from superior officers.<ref name="NaomiKlein" />
In January 2019, Julie Tanny filed a class-action lawsuit on behalf of her deceased father, Charles Tanny, suing the U.S. federal government, the Government of Canada, and McGill University as defendants. In a statement, the university denied responsibility, claiming that Cameron was an indepdendent employee.<ref>{{cite news |last=Leclair |first=Anne |date=January 30, 2019 |title=Daughter of patient subjected to 'Montreal Experiments' seeks compensation |url=https://globalnews.ca/news/4907859/montreal-experiments-daughter-patient-lawsuit/ |work=Global News |access-date=January 26, 2026 |archive-date=November 29, 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251129064015/https://globalnews.ca/news/4907859/montreal-experiments-daughter-patient-lawsuit/ |url-status=live }}</ref> On October 2, 2023, following an appeal, the claims against the U.S. government were dismissed with prejudice by the Quebec Court of Appeal due to sovereign immunity.<ref>{{cite news |last=Banerjee |first=Sidhartha |date=October 3, 2023 |title=MK-ULTRA mind control experiments: Quebec high court says U.S. has immunity in Canada |url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/montreal/mk-ultra-class-action-lawsuit-u-s-immunity-in-canada-1.6985475 |work=CBC |publisher=The Canadian Press |access-date=January 26, 2026 |archive-date=December 8, 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251208022302/https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/montreal/mk-ultra-class-action-lawsuit-u-s-immunity-in-canada-1.6985475 |url-status=live }}</ref> The claims against the remaining defendants were certified as a class-action lawsuit on July 31, 2025.<ref>{{cite news |last=Lapierre |first=Matthew |date=July 31, 2025 |title=Victims of CIA-linked Montreal brainwashing experiments cleared to sue in class action |url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/montreal/mk-ultra-depatterning-lawsuit-montreal-experiments-cia-1.7598486 |work=CBC |publisher=CBC News |access-date=January 26, 2026 |archive-date=January 2, 2026 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260102224326/https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/montreal/mk-ultra-depatterning-lawsuit-montreal-experiments-cia-1.7598486 |url-status=live }}</ref>
==== Controversial protests and initiatives ==== McGill University was the subject of controversy when in January 2023, McGill University's Centre for Human Rights and Legal Pluralism (CHRLP) hosted an event, titled "''Sex vs. Gender (Identity) Debate In the United Kingdom and the Divorce of LGB from T".'' It was led by McGill alumnus Robert Wintemute. Transgender activist groups stormed the talk, which was led by a speaker associated with a group they claimed was "notoriously transphobic and trans-exclusionary." The talk was cancelled shortly after it started.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/montreal/mcgill-backlash-anti-trans-talk-1.6708251 |title="CBC News, Erika Morris, CBC News journalist, 9th January, 2023" |access-date=May 14, 2023 |archive-date=May 15, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230515081613/https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/montreal/mcgill-backlash-anti-trans-talk-1.6708251 |url-status=live}}</ref>
On October 10, 2025, the McGill University Association of University Professors (MAUT) made the decision to implement an academic and cultural boycott of Israel. The resolution mandated that McGill to cease its partnerships with Israeli universities.<ref>{{cite web |title=Inside McGill faculty’s vote to boycott Israel’s universities |url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/montreal/mcgill-faculty-academic-boycott-of-israel-9.6950240 |website=cbc |access-date=October 29, 2025 |archive-date=October 29, 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251029070759/https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/montreal/mcgill-faculty-academic-boycott-of-israel-9.6950240 |url-status=live }}</ref>
==Campus== ===Downtown campus=== McGill's main campus is located in downtown Montreal at the foot of Mount Royal.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.mcgill.ca/maps/ |title=Campus Maps |publisher=Mcgill.ca |access-date=June 4, 2012 |archive-date=August 27, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160827174045/http://mcgill.ca/maps/ |url-status=dead}}</ref> Most of its buildings are in a park-like campus (also known as the Lower Campus) north of Sherbrooke Street and south of Pine Avenue between Peel and Aylmer streets. The campus extends west of Peel Street (also known as Upper Campus) for several blocks, starting north of Doctor Penfield; the campus also streches east of University Street, starting north of Pine Avenue, an area that includes McGill's Percival Molson Memorial Stadium and the Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital. The community immediately east of University Street and south of Pine Avenue is known as Milton-Park, where a large number of students reside. The campus is near the Peel and McGill Metro stations. A major downtown boulevard, McGill College Avenue, leads up to the Roddick Gates, the university's formal entrance. Many of the major University buildings were constructed using local grey limestone, which serves as a unifying element.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.studyplaces.com/institute/McGill+University |title=Study Places – McGill University |year=2008 |access-date=October 5, 2014 |publisher=Educomp |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100527044622/http://www.studyplaces.com/institute/McGill+University |archive-date=May 27, 2010}}</ref> A number of these buildings are connected by indoor tunnels.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Keller |first1=Lucy |title=Student Life - Winter prep 101 |url=https://www.mcgilltribune.com/student-life/winter-prep-101-112018/ |website=The McGill Tribune |access-date=February 17, 2022 |date=November 20, 2018 |quote=many McGill buildings are connected so that students can stay inside in between classes and avoid low temperatures during the school day. |archive-date=February 18, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220218005919/https://www.mcgilltribune.com/student-life/winter-prep-101-112018/ |url-status=live}}</ref>
The university's first classes were held in at Burnside Place, James McGill's country home.<ref name="Kip"/><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.physics.mcgill.ca/history.html |title='Brief history of Physics at McGill' – 'McGill Physics', 2008 |publisher=Physics.mcgill.ca |date=December 17, 2010 |access-date=June 4, 2012 |url-status=dead }}</ref>{{New archival link needed|date=April 2026}} Burnside Place remained the sole educational facility until the 1840s, when the school began construction on its first buildings: the central and east wings of the Arts Building.<ref>{{cite web |author=David Johnson |url=http://cac.mcgill.ca/campus/evolution.html |title=The Early Campus – Virtual McGill |publisher=Cac.mcgill.ca |access-date=June 4, 2012 |archive-date=July 7, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120707190620/http://cac.mcgill.ca/campus/evolution.html |url-status=live}}</ref> The rest of the campus was essentially a cow pasture, a situation similar to the few other Canadian universities and early American colleges of the age.<ref>{{cite web |author=David Johnson |url=http://cac.mcgill.ca/campus/front.html |title='Canadian Architecture Collection' – 'Virtual McGill', 2001 |publisher=Cac.mcgill.ca |access-date=June 4, 2012 |archive-date=July 7, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120707193149/http://cac.mcgill.ca/campus/front.html |url-status=live}}</ref>
The university's athletic facilities, including Molson Stadium, are on Mount Royal, near the residence halls and the Montreal Neurological Institute. The Gymnasium is named in honour of General Sir Arthur William Currie.<ref>{{cite web |title=Macdonald Park, Molson [Percival] Stadium, Currie [Sir Arthur] Memorial Gymnasium, and McConnell Winter Stadium |url=https://cac.mcgill.ca/campus/buildings/Gym.html |website=Virtual McGill |publisher=McGill University |access-date=July 3, 2023 |archive-date=July 3, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230703115448/https://cac.mcgill.ca/campus/buildings/Gym.html |url-status=live}}</ref>
<gallery>
File:Redpath Museum and Lower Field, McGill University, July 18, 2024.jpg|The Redpath Museum, built in 1882 File:Montreal - McGill Physics.jpg|The Macdonald-Stewart Library Building, opened in 1893 File:Sala Morrice, Universidad McGill, Montreal, Canadá, 2017-08-12, DD 68.jpg|Morrice Hall, completed in 1882 File:Mcgill Building1.jpg|MacDonald-Harrington Building, built between 1896 and 1897 File:McGill University Music Building, Aug 31 2022.jpg|Strathcona Music Building, built in 1895 File:Birks Building, McGill University, Montréal, Southwest view 20170410 1.jpg|Birks Building, completed in 1931 File:Old Chancellor Day Hall, Faculty of Law, McGill University - 30 May 2019.jpg|Chancellor Day Hall, built in 1892 File:Redpath Hall July 2017 02.jpg|Redpath Hall, opened in 1893 File:James Administration Building, McGill University, Aug 31 2022.jpg| James Administration Building, built in 1922 </gallery>
====Residence system==== McGill's residence system comprises 16 properties providing dormitories, apartments, and hotel-style housing to approximately 3,100 undergraduate students and some graduate students from the downtown and Macdonald campuses.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.mcgill.ca/residences/ |title=McGill Residences |publisher=Mcgill.ca |date=July 28, 2010 |access-date=September 29, 2011 |archive-date=March 8, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110308175610/http://www.mcgill.ca/residences/ |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=March 31, 2022 |title=Student Housing |url=https://www.mcgill.ca/students/housing/residence-options |access-date=March 31, 2022 |website=McGill University |archive-date=March 31, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220331184019/https://www.mcgill.ca/students/housing/residence-options |url-status=live}}</ref> Few McGill students live in residence after their first year of undergraduate study, even if they are not from the Montreal area. Most second-year students transition to off-campus apartment housing. Many students settle in the Milton-Park neighbourhood, sometimes called the "McGill Ghetto,"<ref>{{Cite web |title=The ghetto that isn't {{!}} The McGill Daily |date=February 10, 2014 |url=https://www.mcgilldaily.com/2014/02/the-ghetto-that-isnt/ |access-date=May 7, 2020 |archive-date=August 3, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200803220737/https://www.mcgilldaily.com/2014/02/the-ghetto-that-isnt/ |url-status=live}}</ref> which is the neighbourhood directly to the east of the downtown campus. Students have also moved to areas such as Mile End, The Plateau, and even as far as Verdun because of rising rent prices.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://reporter-archive.mcgill.ca/Rep/r3201/ghetto.html |title='In the Ghetto', September 9, 1999 |work=McGill Reporter |access-date=June 4, 2012 |archive-date=February 28, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210228113340/http://reporter-archive.mcgill.ca/Rep/r3201/ghetto.html |url-status=live}}</ref>
Many first-year students live in the Upper Residence.<ref>"Upper Rez: Douglas, McConnell, Molson and Gardner Halls". [https://www.mcgill.ca/residences/undergraduate/admissions/movein/#UPPER "Moving into Residences"] {{Webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080416113758/http://www.mcgill.ca/residences/undergraduate/admissions/movein/#UPPER|date=April 16, 2008}}, "McGill University", 2008. Retrieved June 5, 2008.</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=March 31, 2022 |title=Upper Residence: McConnell Hall, Gardner Hall, Molson Hall |url=https://www.mcgill.ca/students/housing/residence-options/downtown-undergrad/bmh |access-date=March 31, 2022 |website=McGill Student Housing |archive-date=March 31, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220331193445/https://www.mcgill.ca/students/housing/residence-options/downtown-undergrad/bmh |url-status=live}}</ref> Royal Victoria College opened as a residential college for women in 1899, but its Tower section became mixed gender in September 2010 while its West Wing remains strictly for women.<ref name="Royal Victoria College" /> The college's original building was designed by Bruce Price and its extension was designed by Percy Erskine Nobbs and George Taylor Hyde.<ref>{{cite web |title=Percy Erskine Nobbs Biography |url=http://cac.mcgill.ca/nobbs/bio-pen-english.htm |work=McGill John Bland Canadian Architecture Collection – The Architecture of Percy Erskine Nobbs |access-date=February 26, 2014 |archive-date=November 9, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131109164614/http://cac.mcgill.ca/nobbs/bio-pen-english.htm |url-status=live}}</ref> A statue of Queen Victoria by her daughter Princess Louise, Duchess of Argyll, stands in front of the building.<ref>{{cite book |editor-last=Morgan |editor-first=Henry James |editor-link=Henry James Morgan |title=Types of Canadian Women and of Women who are or have been Connected with Canada |location=Toronto |publisher=Williams Briggs |date=1903 |url=https://archive.org/details/typesofcanadianw01morguoft |page=[https://archive.org/details/typesofcanadianw01morguoft/page/1 1]}}</ref>
===Macdonald campus=== {{Main|Macdonald Campus}}
thumb|Macdonald Campus under construction in 1906
A second campus, the Macdonald Campus, in Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue houses the Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Science, the School of Dietetics and Human Nutrition, the Institute of Parasitology, and the McGill School of Environment. As of fall 2020, despite a decrease in enrolment from the previous year's 1,962 students, the campus has a total of 1,892 actively enrolled students, including those studying part-time and full-time, across all available programs. Of the total, 1,212 students are pursuing an undergraduate degree, 374 are pursuing a Masters-level degree, and 248 are pursuing a Doctoral-level degree, respectively. There is a high international student presence, since over 1 in 5 students are from outside Canada. The campus is considered by many to be quieter than the Downtown Montreal campus. The Morgan Arboretum and the J. S. Marshall Radar Observatory are nearby.
The Morgan Arboretum was created in 1945. It is a {{convert|2.5|km2|sqmi|3|adj=on}} forested reserve. Its mandated goals are to continue research related to maintaining the health of the Arboretum plantations and woodlands, to develop new programs related to selecting species adapted to developing environmental conditions and to enhance biological diversity in both natural stands and plantations.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.morganarboretum.org/english/introduction.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070923035212/http://www.morganarboretum.org/english/introduction.htm |url-status=usurped |title=An Introduction to the Arboretum |archive-date=September 23, 2007}}</ref>
===Outaouais campus=== In 2019, McGill announced the construction of a new campus for its Faculty of Medicine in Gatineau, Quebec, which will allow students from the Outaouais region to complete their undergraduate medical education locally and in French. Medical students began using the new facility in August 2020.<ref name="gat">{{cite web |title=McGill opens satellite medical faculty in the Outaouais |url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/ottawa/mcgill-med-school-satellite-campus-outaouais-1.5698699 |access-date=February 11, 2019 |website=CBC News |archive-date=March 29, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220329124404/https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/ottawa/mcgill-med-school-satellite-campus-outaouais-1.5698699 |url-status=live}}</ref> The new facility is located above the emergency room at Gatineau Hospital, part of the Centre intégré de santé et de services sociaux (CISSS) de l'Outaouais, in addition to new offices for the associated Family Medicine Unit for residency training.<ref name="gat" /> Although the preparatory year for students entering the undergraduate medical education program from CEGEP was initially planned to be offered solely at the McGill downtown campus in Montreal,<ref name="gat" /><ref>{{cite news |title=L'UQO déçue de ne pas accueillir la future faculté de médecine |url=https://ici.radio-canada.ca/nouvelle/801583/uqo-faculte-medecine-harrisson |access-date=April 27, 2020 |agency=Radio-Canada |publisher=Société Radio-Canada |date=September 7, 2016 |archive-date=September 20, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200920152759/https://ici.radio-canada.ca/nouvelle/801583/uqo-faculte-medecine-harrisson |url-status=live}}</ref> collaboration with the Université du Québec en Outaouais made it possible to offer the program entirely in Gatineau.<ref>{{cite news |title=McGill est l'UQO vont offrir l'année préparatoire en médecine à Gatineau |url=http://www.uquebec.ca/reseau/fr/medias/actualites-du-reseau/mcgill-et-luqo-vont-offrir-lannee-preparatoire-en-medecine-gatineau |access-date=April 27, 2020 |agency=Université du Québec en Outaouais |publisher=Université du Québec |date=February 13, 2020 |archive-date=September 27, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230927171954/https://reseau.uquebec.ca/fr/a-propos/salle-de-presse/actualites/mcgill-et-luqo-vont-offrir-lannee-preparatoire-en-medecine-a-gatineau |url-status=live}}</ref>
===McGill University Health Centre redevelopment plan=== In 2006, the Quebec government initiated a $1.6 billion LEED redevelopment project for the McGill University Health Centre (MUHC). The project will expand facilities to two separate campuses<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.muhc.ca/construction/ |title='The MUHC Redevelopment Project', 2008 |publisher=McGill University Health Centre |access-date=June 4, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070819093627/http://www.muhc.ca/construction/ |archive-date=August 19, 2007 |url-status=dead}}</ref> and consolidate the various hospitals of the MUHC on the site of an old CP rail yard adjacent to the Vendôme Metro station. This site, known as Glen Yards, comprises {{convert|170000|m2}} and spans portions of Montreal's Notre-Dame-de-Grâce neighbourhood and the city of Westmount.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.muhc.ca/media/ensemble/2001july/land/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050829172348/http://www.muhc.ca/media/ensemble/2001july/land/ |url-status=dead |title=This Land Was Made for You and Me... McGill University Health Centre Journal, July/August 2001 |archive-date=August 29, 2005}}</ref>
The Glen Yards project has been controversial due to local opposition to the project, environmental issues, and the project's cost.<ref>McCabe, Daniel. [http://www.reporter-archive.mcgill.ca/Rep/r3105/muhc.html MUHC site chosen] {{Webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060825163228/http://www.reporter-archive.mcgill.ca/Rep/r3105/muhc.html |date=August 25, 2006 }}, McGill Reporter, November 5, 1998.</ref>
===Sustainability=== In 2007, McGill premiered its Office of Sustainability and added a second full-time position in this area, the Director of Sustainability in addition to the Sustainability Officer.<ref name="Sustainability">{{cite web |title=Sustainability |publisher=McGill University |url=https://www.mcgill.ca/principals-report-08/sustainability/ |access-date=June 5, 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090707073825/http://www.mcgill.ca/principals-report-08/sustainability/ |archive-date=July 7, 2009}}</ref> Recent efforts in implementing its sustainable development plan include the new Life Sciences Centre which was built with LEED-Silver certification and a green roof, as well as an increase in parking rates in January 2008 to fund other sustainability projects.<ref name="Sustainability" /> Other student projects include The Flat: Bike Collective, which promotes alternative transportation, and the Farmer's Market, which occurs during the fall harvest.<ref name="Office of Sustainability: Campus Committees and Groups">{{cite web |title=Office of Sustainability: Campus Committees and GroupsSustainability |publisher=McGill University |url=https://www.mcgill.ca/sustainability/group/ |access-date=June 5, 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090330031353/http://www.mcgill.ca/sustainability/group/ <!--Added by H3llBot--> |archive-date=March 30, 2009}}</ref>
===McGill Community for Lifelong Learning=== Founded in 1989, the McGill Community for Lifelong Learning (MCLL) is an educational community for senior learners housed in the McGill School of Continuing Studies. The program was founded by Fiona Clark, then-assistant director of continuing studies at McGill, and drew inspiration from horizontal peer-led programs, including the Harvard Institute for Learning in Retirement.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://reporter.mcgill.ca/mcll-celebrates-its-30th-anniversary/ |title=MCLL celebrates its 30th anniversary |date=November 5, 2019 |website=McGill Reporter |access-date=February 24, 2021 |archive-date=January 22, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210122110514/https://reporter.mcgill.ca/mcll-celebrates-its-30th-anniversary/ |url-status=live}}</ref> Its educational model<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.mcgill.ca/continuingstudies/files/continuingstudies/expandinglifelonglearningpaper.pdf |title=Expanding the Concept of Lifelong Learning Beyond the Campus: The Experience of the McGill Community for Lifelong Learning within the Wider Quebec Community |last1=Frisby |first1=Sandra |last2=Huff |first2=Christie |last3=Megelas |first3=Alex |last4=Thorvik |first4=Astri |publisher=McGill University |access-date=December 29, 2021 |archive-date=April 28, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220428130942/https://www.mcgill.ca/continuingstudies/files/continuingstudies/expandinglifelonglearningpaper.pdf |url-status=live}}</ref> is notably different from an instructor-led approach, and tasks seniors exploring educational interest as either study group moderators or participants. The program brings together hundreds of senior members yearly and has acted as a springboard for numerous senior-led initiatives such as social events, educational symposiums, and cultural festivals, including an internationally recognized yearly Bloomsday event on the life and work of author James Joyce.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.theguardian.com/books/2015/jun/15/bloomsday-fans-around-the-world-celebrating-james-joyces-ulysses |title=Bloomsday: how fans around the world will be celebrating James Joyce's Ulysses |date=June 15, 2015 |website=The Guardian |access-date=May 16, 2021 |archive-date=June 28, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210628025958/https://www.theguardian.com/books/2015/jun/15/bloomsday-fans-around-the-world-celebrating-james-joyces-ulysses |url-status=live}}</ref>
===Other facilities=== [[File:MUHC Superhospital (May 2015).jpg|thumb|The newly built McGill University Health Centre at the Glen Site]] McGill's Bellairs Research Institute, in Saint James, Barbados {{Coord|13|10|N|59|35|W}}, is Canada's only teaching and research facility in the tropics.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.mcgill.ca/bellairs/ |title=Bellairs Research Institute, McGill University |publisher=Mcgill.ca |date=April 11, 2011 |access-date=June 4, 2012 |archive-date=June 11, 2002 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20020611093359/http://www.mcgill.ca/bellairs/ |url-status=live}}</ref> The institute has been in use for over 50 years. The university also operates the McGill Arctic Research Station on Axel Heiberg Island, Nunavut, and a Subarctic Research Station in Schefferville, Quebec.
McGill's Gault Nature Reserve ({{Coord|45|32|N|73|10|W}}) spans over {{convert|10|km2|sqmi}} of forest land, the largest remaining remnant of the primeval forests of the St. Lawrence River Valley.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://biology.mcgill.ca/researchctrs/centres.html |title=THE GAULT NATURE RESERVE, McGill University. Accessed May 3, 2008 |publisher=Biology.mcgill.ca |access-date=June 4, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111001000230/http://biology.mcgill.ca/researchctrs/centres.html |archive-date=October 1, 2011 |url-status=dead}}</ref> The first scientific studies at the site occurred in 1859. The site has been the site of extensive research activities: "Today there are over 400 scientific articles, 100 graduate theses, more than 50 government reports and about 30 book chapters based on research at Mont St. Hilaire."<ref>[https://www.mcgill.ca/gault/research/ Research and education] {{Webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170907072421/http://www.mcgill.ca/gault/research |date=September 7, 2017 }}, McGill University. Accessed May 3, 2008.</ref>
In addition to the McGill University Health Centre, McGill has been directly partnered with many teaching hospitals for decades and has a history of collaborating with many hospitals in Montreal. These cooperations allow the university to graduate over 1,000 students in health care each year.<ref>[http://www.learnist.org/mcgill-university/ "Mcgill University"] {{Webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100123043214/http://www.learnist.org/mcgill-university/ |date=January 23, 2010 }}, "Learnist.org Study Abroad", 2008. Accessed May 16, 2008.</ref> McGill's contract-affiliated teaching hospitals include the Montreal Children's Hospital, the Montreal General Hospital, the Montreal Neurological Hospital, the Montreal Chest Institute and the Royal Victoria Hospital which are all now part of the McGill University Health Centre. Other hospitals health care students may use include the Jewish General Hospital, the Douglas Hospital, St. Mary's Hospital Centre, Lachine Hospital, LaSalle Hospital, Lakeshore General Hospital, as well as health care facilities part of the CISSS.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.medicine.mcgill.ca/hospital.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080506012920/http://www.medicine.mcgill.ca/hospital.htm |url-status=dead |title="McGill University Teaching Hospital Network" – "McGill University Faculty of Medicine" |archive-date=May 6, 2008}}</ref>
==Administration and organization== ===Structure=== The university's academic units are organized into 11 main Faculties and 13 Schools.<ref name="FS" /> These include the School of Architecture, the School of Computer Science, the School of Information Studies, the School of Human Nutrition, the Bensadoun School of Retail Management, the Max Bell School of Public Policy, the School of Physical & Occupational Therapy, the Ingram School of Nursing, the School of Social Work, the School of Urban Planning, and the Bieler School of Environment. They also include the Institute of Islamic Studies (established in 1952), which offers graduate courses leading to the M.A. and PhD degrees.
The Graduate and Postdoctoral Studies<ref name="gps">{{cite web |title=Graduate and Postdoctoral Studies |url=https://www.mcgill.ca/gps/ |publisher=McGill University |access-date=March 16, 2008 |archive-date=September 6, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170906184013/http://www.mcgill.ca/gps/ |url-status=live}}</ref> (GPS) oversees the admission and registration of graduate students (both master's and PhD).
{| class="toccolours" ; margin-left:1em; font-size:90%; line-height:1.4em; width:280px;" |- | '''Faculties/Schools'''<ref name="FS">{{cite web |title=Faculties and Schools – McGill University |url=https://www.mcgill.ca/faculties/ |access-date=October 5, 2021 |publisher=McGill University |archive-date=May 13, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200513001437/https://www.mcgill.ca/faculties/ |url-status=live}}</ref> |- |Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences |- |Faculty of Arts |- |School of Continuing Studies |- |Faculty of Dentistry |- |Faculty of Education |- |Faculty of Engineering |- |Faculty of Law |- |Desautels Faculty of Management |- |Faculty of Medicine |- |Schulich School of Music |- |School of Religious Studies |- |Faculty of Science |}
===University identity and culture=== {{See also|Heraldry of McGill University}} [[File:Mcgill university coa.png|thumb|150px|McGill coat of arms]] The McGill coat of arms is derived from an armorial device assumed during his lifetime by the founder of the University, James McGill. It was designed in 1906 by Percy Nobbs, three years into his term as director of the University's School of Architecture.<ref name="History">{{cite web |url=https://www.mcgill.ca/engineering/about-us/our-history/1900-1950 |title=1900-1950 - McGill Faculty of Engineering History |publisher=McGill University |access-date=April 5, 2020 |archive-date=April 12, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200412033550/https://www.mcgill.ca/engineering/about-us/our-history/1900-1950 |url-status=live}}</ref> The University's patent of arms was subsequently granted by the Garter King at Arms in 1922, registered in 1956 with Lord Lyon King of Arms in Edinburgh, and in 1992 with the Public Register of Arms, Flags and Badges of Canada. In heraldic terms, the coat of arms is described as follows: "Argent three Martlets Gules, on a chief dancette of the second, an open book proper garnished or bearing the legend ''In Domino Confido'' in letters Sable between two crowns of the first. Motto: ''Grandescunt Aucta Labore''." The coat of arms consists of two parts, the shield and the scroll. The university publishes a guide to the use of the university's arms and motto.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.mcgill.ca/files/secretariat/WordmarkandInsigniaofMcGillUniversity-Policyontheuseof.pdf |title=Policy on use of the Wordmark and Insignia of McGill University |access-date=August 26, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150226073350/http://www.mcgill.ca/files/secretariat/WordmarkandInsigniaofMcGillUniversity-Policyontheuseof.pdf |archive-date=February 26, 2015 |url-status=dead}}</ref>
The university's symbol is the martlet, stemming from the presence of the mythical bird on the official arms of the university. The university's official colour is scarlet, which figures prominently in the academic dress of McGill University. McGill's motto is ''Grandescunt Aucta Labore'', Latin for "By work, all things increase and grow" (literally, "Things grown great increase by work," that is, things that grow to be great do so by means of work). The official school song is entitled "Hail, Alma Mater."<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.archives.mcgill.ca/public/hist_mcgill/songs/songs.htm |title=McGill Songs > McGill Facts and Institutional History > McGill History > Outreach |publisher=Archives.mcgill.ca |date=March 24, 2004 |access-date=February 20, 2011 |archive-date=April 4, 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070404214101/http://archives.mcgill.ca/public/hist_mcgill/songs/songs.htm |url-status=live}}</ref>
===Exchange and study abroad=== McGill maintains ties with more than 160 partner universities where students can study abroad for either one or two semesters.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.mcgill.ca/mcgillabroad/mcgill-students-going-abroad/global-learning-opportunities |title=McGill students going abroad |publisher=McGill Abroad, McGill University |access-date=March 27, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200327184450/https://www.mcgill.ca/mcgillabroad/mcgill-students-going-abroad/global-learning-opportunities |archive-date=March 27, 2020 |url-status=live}}</ref> Each year, McGill hosts around 500 incoming exchange students from over 32 countries. The university offers a multitude of activities and events to integrate students into the university's community. McGill is the home to more than 10,000 foreign students who make up of more than 27 per cent of the student population.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.mcgill.ca/internationalstudents/issoffice |title=About International Student Services (ISS) |website=McGill University |access-date=March 14, 2019 |archive-date=March 17, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190317003533/https://www.mcgill.ca/internationalstudents/issoffice |url-status=live}}</ref>
===Finances=== The McGill endowment provides approximately 10 per cent of the school's annual operating revenues.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Munroe-Blum |first=Heather |date=February 9, 2009 |title=Economic Statement, Feb. 9, 2009 |url=http://www.mcgill.ca/principal/speeches/economic/econstat_020909/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090409223059/http://www.mcgill.ca/principal/speeches/economic/econstat_020909/ |archive-date=April 9, 2009 |access-date=May 16, 2021}}</ref> McGill's endowment rests within the top 10 per cent of all North American post-secondary institutions' endowments.<ref>Tibbets, Janice. [http://www.canada.com/topics/news/national/story.html?id=9a8b62cf-015b-48ce-8867-8f0ce6d732be&k=47247 "U of T, UBC join billion-dollar club"] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110511135409/http://www.canada.com/topics/news/national/story.html?id=9a8b62cf-015b-48ce-8867-8f0ce6d732be&k=47247 |date=May 11, 2011 }}, "Canwest News Service", February 3, 2008. Accessed May 4, 2008.</ref> As of 2022, the endowment is valued at $2.039 billion,<ref>{{Cite web |title=McGill Endowment Quarterly Report Dec 2020 |url=https://www.mcgill.ca/investments/files/investments/december_31_2020_-_english.pdf |access-date=March 24, 2021 |archive-date=April 24, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210424174836/https://www.mcgill.ca/investments/files/investments/december_31_2020_-_english.pdf |url-status=live}}</ref> the third-largest endowment among Canadian universities, and remains one of the largest endowments on a per-student basis.<ref>{{Cite web |title=McGill University {{!}} Canada |url=https://www.easyuni.com/canada/mcgill-university-10281/ |access-date=May 15, 2021 |website=www.easyuni.com |archive-date=May 16, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210516152349/https://www.easyuni.com/canada/mcgill-university-10281/ |url-status=live}}</ref>
McGill launched the ''Campaign McGill'' campaign in October 2007,<ref>[http://www.canada.com/montrealgazette/news/story.html?id=207855b3-e023-4094-9f05-80ede5a36aff "McGill launches $750-million fundraiser"] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110511135400/http://www.canada.com/montrealgazette/news/story.html?id=207855b3-e023-4094-9f05-80ede5a36aff |date=May 11, 2011 }}, "The Montreal Gazette" October 18, 2007. Accessed May 4, 2008.</ref> with the goal of raising over $750 million for the purpose of further "attracting and retaining top talent in Quebec, to increase access to quality education and to further enhance McGill's ability to address critical global problems."<ref name="History in the Making">[https://www.mcgill.ca/newsroom/news/item/?item_id=27601 "History in the Making"] {{Webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120707210222/http://www.mcgill.ca/newsroom/news/item/?item_id=27601 |date=July 7, 2012 }}, "McGill Public and Media Newsroom", October 18, 2007. Accessed May 4, 2008.</ref> The largest goal of any Canadian University fundraising campaign at the time,<ref name="History in the Making" /><ref>[http://www.academica.ca/top10/issues/2007/10/19 "McGill launches largest Canadian university fundraising campaign"] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101205022348/http://www.academica.ca/top10/issues/2007/10/19 |date=December 5, 2010 }}, "Academia Group Back Issues Database" October 19, 2007. Accessed May 4, 2008.</ref> the campaign was officially closed on June 18, 2013, having raised more than $1 billion.<ref name="The Globe and Mail">{{cite news |title=McGill University joins $1-billion fundraising club |url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/national/education/mcgill-university-joins-1-billion-fundraising-club/article12637032/ |access-date=June 19, 2013 |archive-date=June 20, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130620100005/http://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/national/education/mcgill-university-joins-1-billion-fundraising-club/article12637032/ |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Montreal Gazette">{{cite web |url=https://montrealgazette.com/news/McGill+University+fundraising+tops+billion/8542135/story.html |title=McGill University's fundraising tops $1 billion |access-date=June 19, 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130621011741/http://www.montrealgazette.com/news/McGill%2BUniversity%2Bfundraising%2Btops%2Bbillion/8542135/story.html |archive-date=June 21, 2013}}</ref> ''Campaign McGill'' has since been surpassed by larger fundraising campaigns, such as the University of British Columbia's $3 billion ''FORWARD'' campaign and the University of Toronto's $4 billion ''Defy Gravity'' campaign.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://defygravitycampaign.utoronto.ca/about/ |title=About Defy Gravity: The Campaign for the University of Toronto |newspaper=Defy Gravity |publisher=University of Toronto |access-date=November 5, 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://alumni.ubc.ca/forward/ |title=FORWARD, the campaign for UBC |access-date=November 5, 2023 |publisher=University of British Columbia |archive-date=November 6, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231106033005/https://alumni.ubc.ca/forward/ |url-status=live }}</ref> In 2019, McGill launched ''Made By McGill'', a new $2 billion fundraising campaign.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://reporter.mcgill.ca/introducing-made-by-mcgill/ |title=Introducing "Made by McGill" |date=September 26, 2019 |access-date=November 5, 2023 |publisher=McGill University |archive-date=November 6, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231106033008/https://reporter.mcgill.ca/introducing-made-by-mcgill/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
In 2019, McGill received a $200 million donation to fund the creation of the McCall MacBain Scholarships programme, the then-largest single philanthropic gift to a Canadian University, until it was surpassed in 2020 by a $250 million donation by James and Louise Temerty to the University of Toronto.<ref>{{Cite web |title=University of Toronto receives single largest gift in Canadian history |url=https://www.utoronto.ca/news/university-toronto-receives-single-largest-gift-canadian-history-james-and-louise-temerty |access-date=June 30, 2021 |archive-date=September 29, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200929173637/https://www.utoronto.ca/news/university-toronto-receives-single-largest-gift-canadian-history-james-and-louise-temerty |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="McCall MacBain Foundation makes sin">{{cite web |title=McCall MacBain Foundation makes a single-largest gift in Canadian history to create a flagship graduate scholarship program at McGill University |url=https://mcgill.ca/newsroom/channels/news/mccall-macbain-foundation-makes-single-largest-gift-canadian-history-create-flagship-graduate-294528 |access-date=February 13, 2019 |website=Newsroom |archive-date=February 14, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190214061336/https://mcgill.ca/newsroom/channels/news/mccall-macbain-foundation-makes-single-largest-gift-canadian-history-create-flagship-graduate-294528 |url-status=live}}</ref>
==Academics== === Admissions === McGill University has an acceptance rate of 38.1 per cent and a graduate acceptance rate of 29.2 per cent, with an enrolment rate of 19 per cent of all applicants.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Admissions Profile |url=https://www.mcgill.ca/es/admissions-profile |access-date=May 21, 2023 |website=Enrolment Services |language=en |archive-date=October 15, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151015043829/http://www.mcgill.ca/es/admissions-profile |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=McGill University 2020-2021 Admissions: Entry Requirements, Deadlines, Application Process |url=https://collegedunia.com/canada/college/39-mcgill-university-montreal/admission |access-date=April 27, 2020 |website=Collegedunia |date=April 9, 2020 |archive-date=August 3, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200803194055/https://collegedunia.com/canada/college/39-mcgill-university-montreal/admission |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=McGill University 2022-2023 Admissions: Entry Requirements, Deadlines, Application Process |url=https://leapscholar.com/canada/mcgill-university |access-date=November 25, 2022 |website=LeapScholar |date=November 25, 2022 |archive-date=November 25, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221125130241/https://leapscholar.com/canada/mcgill-university |url-status=live}}</ref> 22 per cent of all students are enrolled in the Faculty of Arts, McGill's largest academic unit. Of the other larger faculties, the Faculty of Science enrols 15 per cent, the Faculty of Medicine enrols 13 per cent, the School of Continuing Studies enrols 12 per cent, the Faculty of Engineering and the Desautels Faculty of Management enrol about 10 per cent each.<ref name="Enrolment" /> The remainder of all students are enrolled in McGill's smaller schools, including the Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, Faculty of Education, Faculty of Law, Schulich School of Music, and the Faculty of Religious Studies. Since the 1880s,<ref>{{cite web |last=Gazette |first=The |date=May 15, 2008 |title=McGill buys Anglican Diocesan Theological College |url=http://www.canada.com/montrealgazette/news/story.html?id=c69f9b41-6f04-4c13-bc6c-89bba0ffe380 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120822004948/http://www.canada.com/montrealgazette/news/story.html?id=c69f9b41-6f04-4c13-bc6c-89bba0ffe380 |archive-date=August 22, 2012 |access-date=June 4, 2012 |publisher=Canada.com}}</ref> McGill has been affiliated with three Theological Colleges; the Montreal Diocesan Theological College (Anglican Church of Canada), The Presbyterian College, Montreal (Presbyterian Church in Canada), and United Theological College (United Church of Canada).<ref>{{cite web |title=Bachelor of Theology Program |url=https://www.mcgill.ca/religiousstudies/theological/bth/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120524070129/http://www.mcgill.ca/religiousstudies/theological/bth |archive-date=May 24, 2012 |access-date=June 4, 2012 |publisher=Mcgill.ca}}</ref> The university's Faculty of Religious Studies maintains additional affiliations with other theological institutions and organizations, such as the Montreal School of Theology.<ref>{{cite web |title=Montreal School of Theology |url=https://www.mcgill.ca/religiousstudies/joint-board/ |url-status=unfit |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091203173827/http://www.mcgill.ca/religiousstudies/joint-board/ |archive-date=December 3, 2009 |access-date=December 3, 2009}}</ref>
====Undergraduate==== Among Canadian universities, McGill undergraduates have the second highest average entering grades among high school and CEGEP students entering from their home province.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Average Entering Grade by University |url=https://macleans.ca/education/university-rankings/average-entering-grade-by-university-for-2025/ |access-date=June 2, 2025 |website=www.macleans.ca |date=October 10, 2024 |archive-date=April 20, 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250420201442/https://macleans.ca/education/university-rankings/average-entering-grade-by-university-for-2025/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Among admitted students, the median Quebec CEGEP R-score was 31.9, while the median grade 12 averages for students entering McGill from outside of Quebec ranged between 93.2 per cent and 94.4 per cent (A). For American students, the median SAT scores in the verbal, mathematics, and writing sections were 730, 730, and 730, respectively. The median ACT score was 32.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.mcgill.ca/es/admissions-profile |title=Admissions Profile |publisher=McGill University |access-date=November 10, 2015 |archive-date=October 15, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151015043829/http://www.mcgill.ca/es/admissions-profile |url-status=live}}</ref>
====Law==== Due to its bilingual nature, McGill's law school does not require applicants to sit the LSAT, which is only offered in English. For students who submitted LSAT scores in the September 2019 entering class, the median LSAT score was 163 (87.8th percentile) out of a possible 180 points. Of those students who entered with a bachelor's degree, the median GPA was 86 per cent (3.8/4.0), and of those students entering from CEGEP, the average R-score was 34.29.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://mcgill.ca/law/bcl-llb/admissions-guide/eligibility |title=Eligibility |website=Faculty of Law |access-date=November 27, 2019 |archive-date=November 27, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191127165049/https://mcgill.ca/law/bcl-llb/admissions-guide/eligibility |url-status=live}}</ref>
====Medicine==== For medical students in the 2024 entering class, of those students who entered with a bachelor's degree, the average GPA was 3.89 out of 4.0, and of those students entering from CEGEP, the average R-score was 35.69.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Admissions - by the numbers |url=https://www.mcgill.ca/medadmissions/prospective/our-statistics |access-date=December 30, 2024 |date=August 27, 2024 |website=Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences |archive-date=December 31, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241231012452/https://www.mcgill.ca/medadmissions/prospective/our-statistics |url-status=live }}</ref> McGill does not require applicants to its medical programme to sit the MCAT if they have an undergraduate degree from a Canadian University.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.mcgill.ca/medadmissions/applying/requirements-edu/mcat |title=Medical College Admissions Test® (MCAT®) |website=Office of Admissions |access-date=June 23, 2018 |archive-date=June 23, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180623165846/https://www.mcgill.ca/medadmissions/applying/requirements-edu/mcat |url-status=live}}</ref>
====MBA==== In the Desautels Faculty of Management's MBA program, applicants had an average GMAT score of 670 and an average GPA of 3.3.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.mcgill.ca/desautels/programs/mba-programs/mba/admissions/faqs |title=FAQs |website=Desautels Faculty of Management |access-date=June 23, 2018 |archive-date=June 23, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180623165848/https://www.mcgill.ca/desautels/programs/mba-programs/mba/admissions/faqs |url-status=live}}</ref> MBA students had an average age of 28, and five years of work experience. 95 per cent of MBA students are bilingual and 60 per cent are trilingual.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.mcgill.ca/desautels/programs/mba-programs/mba/student-life/class |title=Typical class profile |website=Desautels Faculty of Management |access-date=June 23, 2018 |archive-date=June 23, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180623165812/https://www.mcgill.ca/desautels/programs/mba-programs/mba/student-life/class |url-status=live}}</ref>
===Teaching and learning=== In the 2007–2008 school year, McGill offered over 340 academic programs in eleven faculties.<ref name="level2018">{{cite web |url=https://mcgill.ca/es/files/es/fall_2018_-_overview_by_level.pdf |title=Enrolment Report Fall 2018: Overview by Level |publisher=McGill University |access-date=November 24, 2018 |archive-date=November 24, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181124220237/https://mcgill.ca/es/files/es/fall_2018_-_overview_by_level.pdf |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.mcgill.ca/courses/ |title=McGill University Calendars |access-date=April 22, 2009 |url-status=unfit |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20020802061459/http://www.mcgill.ca/courses/ |archive-date=August 2, 2002}}</ref> The university also offers over 250 doctoral and master's graduate degree programs. Despite strong increases in University enrolment across North America,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.statcan.ca/Daily/English/051011/d051011b.htm |title=The Daily, Tuesday, October 11, 2005. University enrolment |access-date=July 20, 2008 |url-status=unfit |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080720095220/http://www.statcan.ca/Daily/English/051011/d051011b.htm |archive-date=July 20, 2008}}</ref> McGill has upheld a student-faculty ratio of 16:1.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.towards2030.utoronto.ca/files/towards-2030-sec2.pdf |title=Endowment Growth |access-date=May 22, 2015 |archive-date=March 3, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303181629/http://www.towards2030.utoronto.ca/files/towards-2030-sec2.pdf |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.princetonreview.com/schools/1023286/college/mcgill-university#!academics |title=McGill University |publisher=Princeton Review |access-date=May 22, 2015 |archive-date=May 22, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150522125338/http://www.princetonreview.com/schools/1023286/college/mcgill-university#!academics |url-status=live}}</ref> There are nearly 1,600 tenured or tenure-track professors teaching at the university.<ref name="facultystaff">{{cite web |url=https://www.mcgill.ca/about/quickfacts/staff/ |title=Faculty and staff |publisher=McGill University |access-date=May 24, 2008 |archive-date=March 3, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180303070321/http://www.mcgill.ca/about/quickfacts/staff |url-status=live}}</ref>
Tuition fees vary significantly depending on the faculties that aspiring (graduate and undergraduate) students choose as well as their citizenship. For the undergraduate faculty of the arts, tuition fees vary for in-province, out-of-province, and international students, with full-time Quebec students paying around $4,333.10<ref name="admissions costs at mcgill.ca">{{cite web |url=https://www.mcgill.ca/student-accounts/tuition-charges/fallwinter-term-tuition-and-fees/undergraduate-fees |title=Student Accounts |publisher=Mcgill.ca |access-date=April 22, 2015 |archive-date=April 23, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150423143028/http://www.mcgill.ca/student-accounts/tuition-charges/fallwinter-term-tuition-and-fees/undergraduate-fees |url-status=live}}</ref> per year, Canadian students from other provinces paying around $9,509.30<ref name="admissions costs at mcgill.ca" /> per year, and international students paying $22,102.57–$41,815.92 per year.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.mcgill.ca/student-accounts/tuition-charges/fallwinter-term-tuition-and-fees/undergraduate-fees |title=Student Accounts – McGill University |access-date=June 3, 2015 |archive-date=September 2, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170902112845/http://www.mcgill.ca/student-accounts/tuition-charges/fallwinter-term-tuition-and-fees/undergraduate-fees |url-status=live}}</ref>
Since 1996, McGill, in accordance with the Quebec Ministry of Education, Recreation and Sports (Ministère de l'Éducation, du Loisir et du Sport or MELS), has had eight categories that qualifies certain international students to be excused from paying international fees. These categories include: students from France and French-speaking Belgium, a quota of students from select countries which have agreements with MELS, which include Algeria, China, and Morocco,<ref>[http://www.mels.gouv.qc.ca/ens-sup/ens-univ/droits_scolarite-A_pays-organisations.pdf Countries and International Organizations Granted Exemptions from the Additional Financial Contribution by the Government of Quebec], Ministère de l'Éducation, du Loisir et du Sport. {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060721101456/http://www.mels.gouv.qc.ca/ens-sup/ens-univ/droits_scolarite-A_pays-organisations.pdf|date=July 21, 2006}}</ref> students holding diplomatic status, including their dependents, and students enrolled in certain language programs leading to a degree in French.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.mcgill.ca/student-records/fees/exemption/ |title=International Fee Exemption |publisher=Mcgill.ca |date=December 7, 2010 |access-date=February 20, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110210134205/http://www.mcgill.ca/student-records/fees/exemption/ |archive-date=February 10, 2011 |url-status=dead}}</ref> In the 2008–2009 school year, McGill's graduate business program became funded by tuition. It was the last business school in Canada to do so.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.macleans.ca/2009/10/01/mcgill-m-b-a-program-goes-private/ |title=McGill M.B.A. program goes private |author=Martin Patriquin |work=Macleans.ca |date=October 2009 |access-date=June 3, 2015 |archive-date=July 27, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130727074830/http://www2.macleans.ca/2009/10/01/mcgill-m-b-a-program-goes-private/ |url-status=live}}</ref>
For out-of-province first year undergraduate students, a high school average of 95 per cent is required to receive a guaranteed one-year entrance scholarship.<ref name="Entrance">[https://www.mcgill.ca/applying/undergrad2008-09/scholarships/ "Entrance awards"], McGill University. Retrieved June 13, 2008. {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080416004825/http://www.mcgill.ca/applying/undergrad2008-09/scholarships/ |date=April 16, 2008}}</ref> For renewal of previously earned scholarships, students generally need to be within the top 10 per cent of their faculty.<ref>[https://www.mcgill.ca/studentaid/scholarships/recipients/ "Renewals"], McGill University. Accessed May 4, 2008. {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070221093300/http://www.mcgill.ca/studentaid/scholarships/recipients/ |date=February 21, 2007}}</ref> For in-course scholarships in particular, students must be within the top 5 per cent of their faculty.<ref name="incoursescholarships">{{cite web |title=In-course awards – For students already at McGill |url=https://www.mcgill.ca/studentaid/scholarships/in-course/ |publisher=McGill University |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080516100208/http://www.mcgill.ca/studentaid/scholarships/in-course/ |archive-date=May 16, 2008}}</ref><ref name="deanshonourlist">{{cite web |title=Dean's Honour List |url=https://www.mcgill.ca/studentaid/scholarships/deanslist/ |publisher=McGill University |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080516100157/http://www.mcgill.ca/studentaid/scholarships/deanslist/ |archive-date=May 16, 2008}}</ref>
The university has joined Project Hero, a scholarship program cofounded by General (Ret'd) Rick Hillier for the families of fallen Canadian Forces members.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.accc.ca/english/services/cdnforces/hero.htm |title=Project Hero |publisher=Accc.ca |access-date=February 20, 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100113181437/http://www.accc.ca/english/services/cdnforces/hero.htm |archive-date=January 13, 2010}}</ref> McGill is also partnered with the STEM initiative Schulich Leader Scholarships, awarding an $80,000 scholarship to an incoming engineering student and a $60,000 scholarship to a student pursuing a degree in science/technology/mathematics each year.<ref name="Schulich">[https://www.mcgill.ca/channels/news/schulich-leader-scholarships-reward-excellence-service-231431 "Schulich Leader Scholarships reward excellence, service"] {{Webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170630040853/http://www.mcgill.ca/channels/news/schulich-leader-scholarships-reward-excellence-service-231431 |date=June 30, 2017 }}, McGill University. Retrieved June 30, 2014.</ref>
===Language policy=== McGill is one of three English-language universities in Quebec;<ref>{{Cite web |title=Immigration Québec - Choosing an educational institution and a program of study |url=https://www.immigration-quebec.gouv.qc.ca/en/immigrate-settle/students/applying-admission/choosing-institution/index.html |access-date=November 7, 2020 |website=www.immigration-quebec.gouv.qc.ca |archive-date=July 26, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200726083914/http://www.immigration-quebec.gouv.qc.ca/en/immigrate-settle/students/applying-admission/choosing-institution/index.html |url-status=live}}</ref> French is not a requirement to attend.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Frequently Asked Questions |url=https://www.mcgill.ca/law/grad-studies/admissions-guide/faq |access-date=May 16, 2021 |website=Faculty of Law |archive-date=May 16, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210516152347/https://www.mcgill.ca/law/grad-studies/admissions-guide/faq |url-status=live}}</ref> The Faculty of Law does, however, require all students to be 'passively bilingual' since English or French may be used at any time.<ref>{{Cite web |title=General eligibility requirements |url=https://www.mcgill.ca/law/bcl-jd/admissions-guide/eligibility |access-date=November 7, 2020 |website=Faculty of Law |archive-date=November 11, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201111232846/https://www.mcgill.ca/law/bcl-jd/admissions-guide/eligibility |url-status=live}}</ref> The majority of students are fluent in at least two languages.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://commitment.mcgill.ca/internationalcampus/ |title=International Campus |website=The McGill Commitment |access-date=September 30, 2018 |archive-date=October 1, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181001031215/https://commitment.mcgill.ca/internationalcampus/ |url-status=dead}}</ref> In 2021, about 72 percent of McGill students responding to a census conducted by the university said their level of proficiency in French was at least "intermediate".<ref>{{Cite web |date=May 12, 2021 |title=Student Demographic Data Survey Preliminary Results |url=https://www.mcgill.ca/senate/files/senate/09_d20-59_student_demographic_survey.pdf |website=McGill University |access-date=January 3, 2025 |archive-date=January 3, 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250103233312/https://www.mcgill.ca/senate/files/senate/09_d20-59_student_demographic_survey.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref> In 2024, the Quebec government introduced a requirement for 80 percent of enrolled students to reach proficiency in French by graduation.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Quebec tables legislation that will allow international student limits |url=https://studytravel.network/magazine/news/0/30952 |access-date=January 3, 2025 |website=studytravel.network |archive-date=January 3, 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250103234026/https://studytravel.network/magazine/news/0/30952 |url-status=live }}</ref>
Francophone students, whether from Quebec or overseas, now make up approximately 20 percent of the student body.<ref name="auto1">{{cite web |title=2017 Factbook |url=https://www.mcgill.ca/about/quickfacts |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210509113755/https://www.mcgill.ca/about/quickfacts |archive-date=May 9, 2021 |access-date=October 26, 2018 |website=About McGill}}</ref> Although the language of instruction is English, since its founding McGill has allowed students to write their thesis in French, and since 1964 students in all faculties have been able to submit any graded work in either English or French, provided the objective of the class is not to learn a particular language.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://archives.cbc.ca/IDC-0-10-1249-6929-10/index_souvenirs/vie_societe/mcgill_francais |title='McGill français!' – Souvenirs – Les Archives de Radio-Canada |publisher=Archives.cbc.ca |access-date=February 20, 2011 |archive-date=October 20, 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071020193222/http://archives.cbc.ca/IDC-0-10-1249-6929-10/index_souvenirs/vie_societe/mcgill_francais |url-status=live}}</ref>
In 1969, the nationalist ''McGill français'' movement demanded McGill become francophone, pro-nationalist, and pro-worker.<ref>[http://reporter-archive.mcgill.ca/Rep/r3114/francais.html "McGill français and Quebec society"] {{Webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220202163306/http://reporter-archive.mcgill.ca/Rep/r3114/francais.html |date=February 2, 2022 }}, "McGill Reporter", April 8, 1999. Accessed May 16, 2008.</ref> The movement was led by Stanley Gray, a political science professor (and possibly unaware of government plans after the 1968 legislation founding the Université du Québec).<ref>[http://reporter-archive.mcgill.ca/Rep/r2902/daily.htm "A reunion of radicals"] {{Webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070814081055/http://reporter-archive.mcgill.ca/Rep/r2902/daily.htm |date=August 14, 2007 }}, "Reporter Volume 29 Number 2", September 26, 1996. Accessed May 16, 2008.</ref><ref>[http://media.www.mcgilltribune.com/media/storage/paper234/news/2004/02/03/Features/Far-From.Franais-595193.shtml "Far from français"]{{dead link|date=June 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}, "The McGill Tribune", February 3, 2004. Accessed May 16, 2008.</ref> A demonstration was held of 10,000 trade unionists, leftist activists, CEGEP students, and even some McGill students, at the university's Roddick Gates on March 28, 1969. Protesters saw English as the privileged language of commerce. McGill, where Francophones were only three per cent of the students, could be seen as the force maintaining economic control by Anglophones of a predominantly French-speaking province.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.reporter-archive.mcgill.ca/Rep/r3114/francais.html |title=Reporter: McGill français |publisher=Reporter-archive.mcgill.ca |access-date=February 20, 2011 |archive-date=February 17, 2006 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060217015904/http://www.reporter-archive.mcgill.ca/Rep/r3114/francais.html |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.reporter-archive.mcgill.ca/Rep/r3111/scope.html |title=Reporter: Kaleidoscope |publisher=Reporter-archive.mcgill.ca |access-date=February 20, 2011 |archive-date=May 14, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080514092225/http://reporter-archive.mcgill.ca/Rep/r3111/scope.html |url-status=live}}</ref> However, the majority of students and faculty opposed such a position.<ref>Chester, Bronwyn. [http://www.reporter-archive.mcgill.ca/Rep/r3114/francais.html "McGill français and Quebec society"] {{Webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060217015904/http://www.reporter-archive.mcgill.ca/Rep/r3114/francais.html |date=February 17, 2006 }}. ''McGill Reporter'', April 8, 1999. Retrieved January 20, 2006.</ref><ref>Provart, John. ''[http://www.news-archive.mcgill.ca/s99/demoen.htm McGill français 30 years later] {{Webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160528150058/http://news-archive.mcgill.ca/s99/demoen.htm |date=May 28, 2016 }}''. McGill News, Summer 1999.</ref>
===Rankings and reputation=== {{Canadian university rankings | UniName = McGill University | ARWU_W = 74 | ARWU_CAN = 3 | QS_W = 27 | QS_N = 1 | THES_W = 41 | THES_N = 2 | THES_GEUR = 29 | USNWR_GU = 56 <small> (tie) </small> | USNWR_N = 3 | MAC_med = 1 }}
McGill ranks first in Canada among medical-doctoral universities in ''Maclean's'' Canadian University Rankings 2026.<ref name="Macdoc"/> The university has held the top position in the ranking for 21 consecutive years.<ref>{{cite web |date=October 10, 2024 |title=Sustained excellence: McGill tops Maclean's rankings again |url=https://reporter.mcgill.ca/sustained-excellence-mcgill-tops-macleans-rankings-again/ |access-date=June 2, 2025 |archive-date=May 17, 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250517210045/https://reporter.mcgill.ca/sustained-excellence-mcgill-tops-macleans-rankings-again/ |url-status=live }}</ref> ''The Globe and Mail''{{'}}s Canadian University Report 2019 categorized McGill as "above average" for its financial aid, student experience and research, and as "average" for its library resources.<ref>{{cite news |date=November 2, 2018 |title=The 2019 Canadian University Report |url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com/canada/education/canadian-university-report/article-the-2019-canadian-university-report-we-profiled-almost-every/ |access-date=October 4, 2019 |archive-date=March 21, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190321172710/https://www.theglobeandmail.com/canada/education/canadian-university-report/article-the-2019-canadian-university-report-we-profiled-almost-every/ |url-status=live}}</ref> Research Infosource ranked McGill second among Canadian universities with medical schools in its 2020 edition of Research Universities of the Year.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Canada's Top 50 Research Universities 2020 Research Universities of the Year |url=https://researchinfosource.com/top-50-research-universities/2020/ruy |access-date=July 6, 2021 |archive-date=July 9, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210709185429/https://researchinfosource.com/top-50-research-universities/2020/ruy |url-status=live}}</ref>
Internationally, McGill ranked 27th in the world and first in Canada in the 2026 QS World University Rankings.<ref name="QS" /> It also ranked 27th in the world and second in Canada in the 2025 CWUR World University Rankings.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Center for World University Rankings |date=May 15, 2025 |title=World University Rankings 2025 |url=https://cwur.org/2025.php |access-date=June 2, 2025 |archive-date=July 15, 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250715071353/https://cwur.org/2025.php |url-status=live }}</ref> It was ranked 41st in the world and second in Canada by the 2026 Times Higher Education World University Rankings.<ref name="USUnivRankings_THES_W" /> In 2024, the Academic Ranking of World Universities ranked the University 74th in the world, and third in Canada.<ref name="USUnivRankings_ARWU_W" /> In the 2024-2025 U.S. News & World Report Best Global University Rankings, McGill was ranked 56th in the world and third in Canada.<ref name="USNWR Best Global Universities" />
In the Global University Employability Ranking 2022, published by Times Higher Education, McGill ranked 29th in the world and second in Canada.<ref name="UnivRankings_THES_GEUR" /> Nature ranked McGill 67th in the world and second in Canada among academic institutions for high-impact research in the 2021 edition of Nature Index.<ref>{{Cite web |title=2021 tables: Institutions - academic {{!}} 2021 tables {{!}} Institutions - academic {{!}} Nature Index |url=https://www.natureindex.com/annual-tables/2021/institution/academic/all |access-date=July 6, 2021 |website=www.natureindex.com |archive-date=June 25, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210625001755/https://www.natureindex.com/annual-tables/2021/institution/academic/all |url-status=dead}}</ref>
McGill's MBA program, offered by the Desautels Faculty of Management, has appeared in several rankings. Quacquarelli Symonds, in its Global MBA Rankings 2021, ranked McGill's MBA 59th in the world and second in Canada.<ref>{{Cite web |date=September 17, 2020 |title=World University Rankings - Full Time MBA: Global 2021 |url=https://www.topmba.com/mba-rankings/global/2021 |access-date=October 5, 2020 |website=TopMBA.com |archive-date=October 3, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201003101004/https://www.topmba.com/mba-rankings/global/2021 |url-status=live}}</ref> The ''Financial Times'', in its 2020 Global MBA ranking, placed the MBA programme 91st in the world and second in Canada.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Business school rankings from the Financial Times - FT.com |url=http://rankings.ft.com/businessschoolrankings/global-mba-ranking-2020 |access-date=July 31, 2020 |website=rankings.ft.com |archive-date=January 11, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210111003945/http://rankings.ft.com/businessschoolrankings/global-mba-ranking-2020 |url-status=dead}}</ref> In Bloomberg BusinessWeek's Best Business Schools ranking 2019–2020, Desautels was ranked seventh in Canada.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Best Business Schools 2019-20 Canadian Rankings |newspaper=Bloomberg.com |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/business-schools/regions/canada |access-date=July 31, 2020 |archive-date=August 8, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200808033812/https://www.bloomberg.com/business-schools/regions/canada |url-status=live}}</ref>
McGill is a member of the Global University Leaders Forum (GULF),<ref>{{cite web |title=Global University Leaders Forum 2020 Members List |url=http://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_GULF_Members_18.pdf |access-date=January 26, 2020 |publisher=World Economic Forum |archive-date=August 3, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200803003452/http://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_GULF_Members_18.pdf |url-status=live}}</ref> composed of the presidents of 29 of the world's top universities.<ref>{{cite web |title=Global University Leaders Forum |url=https://www.weforum.org/communities/global-university-leaders-forum |access-date=January 26, 2020 |publisher=World Economic Forum |archive-date=November 29, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191129071558/https://www.weforum.org/communities/global-university-leaders-forum |url-status=live}}</ref> It is the only Canadian University member of GULF.<ref name="McGill newsroom"/> McGill is also one of only two non-American universities to be a member of the Association of American Universities, an organization of research-intensive universities.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.aau.edu/sites/default/files/AAU-Files/Who-We-Are/AAU-Member-List.pdf |title=AAU Member Universities |publisher=Association of American Universities |access-date=December 29, 2021 |url-status=dead |archive-date=October 26, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141026002609/http://www.aau.edu/about/article.aspx?id=5476%2Four-members}}</ref>
===Research=== thumb|right|The laboratory of Rutherford, early 20th century
McGill is affiliated with 15 Nobel Laureates, and professors have won major teaching prizes. According to the Association of Universities and Colleges of Canada, "researchers at McGill are affiliated with about 75 major research centres and networks, and are engaged in an extensive array of research partnerships with other universities, government and industry in Quebec and Canada, throughout North America and in dozens of other countries."<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.aucc.ca/can_uni/our_universities/mcgill_e.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081112025440/http://www.aucc.ca/can_uni/our_universities/mcgill_e.html |url-status=dead |title="McGill University", "Association of Universities and Colleges of Canada", April 4, 2008 |archive-date=November 12, 2008}}</ref> In 2016, McGill had over $547 million of sponsored research income, the second-highest in Canada,<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.researchinfosource.com/pdf/CIL2017-Top%2050%20Universities%20List.pdf |title=Canada's Top 50 Research Universities 2017 |access-date=June 23, 2018 |archive-date=August 20, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180820085536/https://www.researchinfosource.com/pdf/CIL2017-Top%2050%20Universities%20List.pdf |url-status=live}}</ref> and a research intensity per faculty of $317,600, the third highest among full-service universities in Canada.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.researchinfosource.com/pdf/2017Top50ListbyTierWC.pdf |title=Canada's Top 50 Research Universities 2017 – University Leaders by Tier |access-date=June 23, 2018 |archive-date=August 20, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180820092717/https://www.researchinfosource.com/pdf/2017Top50ListbyTierWC.pdf |url-status=live}}</ref> McGill has one of the largest patent portfolios among Canadian universities.<ref name="research07-08">{{cite web |title=Research |publisher=McGill University |url=https://www.mcgill.ca/about/quickfacts/research/ |access-date=September 4, 2017 |archive-date=July 18, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170718145903/http://www.mcgill.ca/about/quickfacts/research |url-status=dead}}</ref> McGill's researchers are supported by the McGill University Library, which comprises 13 branch libraries and holds over 11.5 million items.<ref>{{Cite web |date=April 2, 2022 |title=Collections |url=https://www.mcgill.ca/library/about/collections |access-date=April 2, 2022 |website=McGill Library |archive-date=March 31, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220331171955/https://www.mcgill.ca/library/about/collections |url-status=live}}</ref>
Since 1926, McGill has been a member of the Association of American Universities (AAU), an organization of leading research universities in North America. McGill is a founding member of Universitas 21, an international network of leading research-intensive universities that work together to expand their global reach and advance their plans for internationalization. McGill is one of 26 members of the Global University Leaders Forum (GULF), which acts as an intellectual community within the World Economic Forum to advise its leadership on matters relating to higher education and research. It is the only Canadian University member of GULF. McGill is also a member of the U15, a group of prominent research universities within Canada.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://u15.ca/our-members |title=Our Members |access-date=March 25, 2020 |publisher=U15 Group of Canadian Research Universities |archive-date=November 30, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191130032301/http://u15.ca/our-members |url-status=live}}</ref>
McGill-Queen's University Press began as McGill in 1963 and amalgamated with Queen's in 1969. McGill-Queen's University Press focuses on Canadian studies and publishes the Canadian Public Administration Series.<ref>{{cite web |author=George L. Parker |url=https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/university-presses |title=University Presses |publisher=The Canadian Encyclopedia |access-date=August 18, 2019 |archive-date=August 18, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190818205824/https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/university-presses |url-status=live}}</ref> [[File:Electron shell 086 Radon.svg|thumb|Radon, discovered at McGill by physicist Ernest Rutherford]] Sir William Osler, Wilder Penfield, Donald Hebb, Donald Ewen Cameron, Brenda Milner, and others made significant discoveries in medicine, neuroscience and psychology while working at McGill, many at the university's Montreal Neurological Institute. The first hormone governing the Immune System (later christened the Cytokine 'Interleukin-2') was discovered at McGill in 1965 by Gordon & McLean.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Gordon |first1=J |last2=Maclean |first2=LD |year=1965 |title=A Lymphocyte-stimulating Factor produced in vitro |url= |journal=Nature |volume=208 |issue=5012 |pages=795–796 |doi=10.1038/208795a0 |pmid=4223737 |bibcode=1965Natur.208..795G |s2cid=4245051}}</ref>
The invention of the world's first artificial cell was made by Thomas Chang while an undergraduate student at the university.<ref>{{cite journal |doi=10.1002/jbm.820020202 |volume=2 |title=Semipermeable aqueous microcapsules (artificial cells). V. Permeability characteristics |year=1968 |journal=Journal of Biomedical Materials Research |pages=187–199 |last1=Chang |first1=Thomas M. S. |last2=Poznansky |first2=Mark J. |issue=2 |pmid=5707843}}</ref> While chair of physics at McGill, nuclear physicist Ernest Rutherford performed the experiment that led to the discovery of the alpha particle and its function in radioactive decay, which won him the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1908.<ref name="Rutherford">{{cite web |title=Sir Ernest Rutherford (1871-1937) |url=https://www.mcgill.ca/about/history/rutherford |access-date=January 25, 2020 |archive-date=January 24, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200124224906/https://www.mcgill.ca/about/history/rutherford |url-status=live}}</ref> Alumnus Jack W. Szostak was awarded the 2009 Nobel Prize in medicine for discovering a key mechanism in the genetic operations of cells, an insight that has inspired new lines of research into cancer.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/2009/szostak/biographical/ |title=Jack W. Szostak - Biographical |publisher=Nobel Media |website=The Nobel Prize - nobelprize.org |access-date=March 25, 2020 |archive-date=August 3, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200803213440/https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/2009/szostak/biographical/ |url-status=live}}</ref>
===Libraries, archives and museums=== The McGill University Library comprises 12 branch libraries containing 11.5 million items in its collection.<ref>{{Cite web |date=March 31, 2022 |title=Collections |url=https://www.mcgill.ca/library/about/collections |access-date=March 31, 2022 |website=McGill Library |archive-date=March 31, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220331171955/https://www.mcgill.ca/library/about/collections |url-status=live}}</ref> Its branches include the Department of Rare Books & Special Collections, which holds about 350,000 items, including books, manuscripts, maps, prints, and a general rare book collection.<ref>{{cite web |title=About Rare Books and Special Collections |url=https://www.mcgill.ca/library/branches/rarebooks/about |work=McGill Library website |access-date=February 13, 2014 |archive-date=February 22, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140222220211/https://www.mcgill.ca/library/branches/rarebooks/about |url-status=live}}</ref> The Islamic Studies Library contains over 125,000 volumes and a growing number of electronic resources covering the whole of Islamic civilization, including approximately 3,000 rare books and manuscripts.<ref>{{Cite web |date=April 2, 2022 |title=Islamic studies collection policy |url=https://www.mcgill.ca/library/about/collections/collection-policies/islamic |access-date=April 2, 2022 |website=McGill Library |archive-date=December 5, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131205142231/http://www.mcgill.ca/library/about/collections/collection-policies/islamic |url-status=live}}</ref> The Osler Library of the History of Medicine is the largest medical history library in Canada and one of the most comprehensive in the world.<ref>{{Cite web |date=March 31, 2022 |title=About the Osler Library of the History of Medicine |url=https://www.mcgill.ca/library/branches/osler/about |access-date=March 31, 2022 |website=McGill Library |archive-date=March 31, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220331171920/https://www.mcgill.ca/library/branches/osler/about |url-status=live}}</ref> [[File:Elizabeth Wirth Music Building - 01.jpg|thumb|Elizabeth Wirth Music Building, also a library, sits adjacent to the old Strathcona Music Building.]] The McGill University Archives – now administered as part of the McGill Library – consist of manuscripts, texts, photographs, audio-visual material, architectural records, cartographic materials, prints, drawings, microforms and artifacts.<ref>{{cite web |title=About the University Archives |url=http://www.archives.mcgill.ca/ |work=McGill University Archives website |access-date=February 13, 2014 |archive-date=October 25, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131025225414/http://www.archives.mcgill.ca/ |url-status=live}}</ref> In 1962 F. Cyril James declared that the newly founded McGill University Archives (MUA), while concentrating on the institutional records of McGill, had the mandate to acquire private papers of former faculty members. In the 1990s drew back their acquisition scope, and in 2004, new terms of reference on private acquisitions were introduced that included a wider McGill Community.<ref>{{cite web |last=Burr |first=Gordon |title=Private Holdings: Assessing the McGill University Archives' Role |url=http://www.archives.mcgill.ca/about/assets/assessment_private_holdings.pdf |publisher=McGill University Archives |access-date=February 13, 2014 |date=January 2006 |archive-date=September 23, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150923173144/http://www.archives.mcgill.ca/about/assets/assessment_private_holdings.pdf |url-status=live}}</ref>
The Redpath Museum houses collections of interest to ethnology, biology, paleontology, mineralogy and geology. Built in 1882, the Redpath is the oldest building in Canada built specifically to be a museum.<ref>[https://www.mcgill.ca/redpath/about/ "About the Museum"] {{Webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170906204245/http://www.mcgill.ca/redpath/about |date=September 6, 2017 }}, "McGill University". Accessed May 11, 2008.</ref>
The McGill Medical Museum catalogues, preserves, conserves and displays collections that document the study and practice of medicine at McGill University and its associated teaching hospitals. The Medical museum features collections, individual specimens, artifacts, equipment logbooks, autopsy journals, paper materials and medical instruments and apparatus, 25 wax models, 200 mostly skeletal dry specimens, and 400 lantern slides of anatomic specimens. There is a special emphasis on pathology; there are 2000 fluid-filled preserved anatomical and pathological specimens. The Osler collection, for example, consists of 60 wet specimens, while The Abbott collection consists of 80 wet specimens, mostly examples of congenital cardiac disease.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.museevirtuel-virtualmuseum.ca/GetMuseumProfile.do?lang=en&chinCode=guaemj |url-status=dead |title=McGill Medical Museum |date=June 16, 2013 }}</ref>{{New archival link needed|date=April 2026}}
==Student life== ===Student body=== [[File:Proud graduates.jpg|thumb|right|PhD candidates march at Commencement in McGill's scarlet regalia.<ref>Academic dress of McGill University</ref>]]
As of Fall 2021, McGill's student population includes 26,765 undergraduate and 10,411 graduate students representing diverse geographic and linguistic backgrounds. Of the entire student population, 46.8 per cent are from Quebec and 22.8 per cent are from the rest of Canada, while 30.4 per cent are from outside of Canada. International students hail from about 150 countries,<ref>{{cite web |title=Introduction to McGill |url=https://www.mcgill.ca/about/intro/ |access-date=July 2, 2011 |publisher=McGill University |archive-date=September 4, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170904193746/https://www.mcgill.ca/about/intro |url-status=live}}</ref> with many students coming from the United States, China, and France.<ref name="EnrolmentReports">{{cite web |title=Enrolment reports |url=https://www.mcgill.ca/es/registration-statistics |access-date=March 25, 2020 |work=Enrolment Services |publisher=McGill University |archive-date=September 24, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190924133447/https://www.mcgill.ca/es/registration-statistics |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=April 2, 2022 |title=International Student Body |url=https://www.mcgill.ca/internationalstudents/issoffice/international-mcgill |access-date=April 2, 2022 |website=McGill {{!}} International Student Services |archive-date=February 16, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220216193752/https://www.mcgill.ca/internationalstudents/issoffice/international-mcgill |url-status=live}}</ref> Over half of McGill students claim a first language other than English, with 19.7 per cent of the students claiming French as their mother tongue and 33.5 per cent claiming a language other than English and French, compared to 46.8 per cent who claim English as their mother tongue.<ref>{{Cite web |date=April 2, 2022 |title=Quick facts |url=https://www.mcgill.ca/about/quickfacts |access-date=April 2, 2022 |website=McGill {{!}} About McGill |archive-date=May 9, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210509113755/https://www.mcgill.ca/about/quickfacts |url-status=live}}</ref> In Fall 2021, 34,379 students were enrolled in full-time studies, while 4,888 students enrolled in part-time studies.<ref name="EnrolmentReports" />
=== Student organizations === The campus has an active students' society represented by the undergraduate Students' Society of McGill University (SSMU) and the Post-Graduate Students' Society of McGill University (PGSS). Due to the large postdoctoral student population, the PGSS also contains a semi-autonomous Association of Postdoctoral Fellows (APF). In addition, each faculty and department has its own student governing body, the largest faculty associations being the Arts Undergraduate Society (AUS) and the Science Undergraduate Society (SUS).<ref>{{cite web |title=About {{!}} Science Undergraduate Society of McGill |url=http://sus.mcgill.ca/your-sus/about/ |website=sus.mcgill.ca |access-date=November 29, 2015 |archive-date=March 20, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170320041638/http://sus.mcgill.ca/your-sus/about/ |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=About the AUS |url=http://ausmcgill.com/about/ |website=Arts Undergraduate Society of McGill University |date=July 2, 2015 |access-date=November 29, 2015 |archive-date=December 8, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151208143953/http://ausmcgill.com/about/ |url-status=live}}</ref> The oldest is the Medical Students Society, founded in 1859.<ref>{{cite web |title=Medical Students' Society of McGill University (MSS) {{!}} Medical & Dental Student Gateway of McGill University |url=http://mcgillmed.com/societies/mss#h3_0 |website=mcgillmed.com |access-date=November 29, 2015 |archive-date=December 8, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151208231757/http://mcgillmed.com/societies/mss#h3_0 |url-status=live}}</ref>
SSMU supports more than 250 student-run membership clubs, which range from athletics, health and wellness, arts, and culture groups to professional development, charitable, volunteer, and political associations. It offers 17 student-run services, which provide services and resources to students regardless of membership, such as the Flat Bike Collective, Black Students' Network, McGill Students' Nightline, and Queer McGill (formerly Gay McGill),<ref name="qrep">Chester, Bronwyn. [https://www.mcgill.ca/reporter/34/13/campus/ "Queerly cause for celebration"] {{Webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170630030224/http://www.mcgill.ca/reporter/34/13/campus/ |date=June 30, 2017 }}, "McGill Reporter" March 21, 2002. Accessed May 5, 2008.</ref> which has supported queer students since 1972.<ref name="Queer McGill">[http://www.queermcgill.ca/about.php "Our Mandate"], Queer McGill. Accessed May 5, 2008. {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070728061133/http://www.queermcgill.ca/about.php|date=July 28, 2007}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Home {{!}} Queer McGill {{!}} Montreal |url=https://www.queermcgill.org/ |access-date=March 31, 2022 |website=Queer McGill |language=en |archive-date=March 5, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220305153112/https://www.queermcgill.org/ |url-status=live}}</ref> SSMU is also affiliated with 11 independent student groups, which operate on campus but are outside of the student society's governance structure. These independent groups include student media outlets, a legal clinic, AIESEC McGill, and the International Relations Students' Association of McGill (IRSAM),<ref>{{Cite web |title=Clubs, Services and ISGs - Students' Society of McGill University |url=https://ssmu.ca/student-life/clubs-services-isg/ |access-date=March 31, 2022 |website=ssmu.ca |archive-date=April 14, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200414025125/https://ssmu.ca/student-life/clubs-services-isg/ |url-status=live}}</ref> which publishes the world's only all-inclusive international relations research journal, the McGill International Review,<ref name="IRSAM">{{cite web |title=Home |url=http://www.irsam.ca/ |website=IRSAM |access-date=August 27, 2015 |archive-date=September 8, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150908042855/http://www.irsam.ca/ |url-status=live}}</ref> and has consultative status with the UN Economic and Social Council and the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization.<ref>[https://archive.today/20120715115344/http://portal.unesco.org/ci/fr/ev.php-URL_ID=6418&URL_DO=DO_TOPIC&URL_SECTION=201.html "Centre de recherches sur les pâtes et papiers de l'Université de McGill"], "Mémoire du monde", UNESCO.ORG. Accessed May 3, 2008.</ref> IRSAM has hosted the McGill Model United Nations for University students since 1990 and the Secondary Schools United Nations Symposium since 1993.<ref>{{cite web |title=About SSUNS |url=https://www.ssuns.org/ssuns |access-date=March 25, 2020 |publisher=SSUNS |archive-date=March 25, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200325230043/https://www.ssuns.org/ssuns |url-status=live}}</ref>
Many student clubs are centred around McGill's student union building, the University Centre. In 1992, students held a referendum calling for the University Centre to be renamed for actor and McGill alumnus William Shatner.<ref>[http://ssmu.mcgill.ca/index.php/university-centre/where-we-are Where we are] {{Webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080410150934/http://ssmu.mcgill.ca/index.php/university-centre/where-we-are |date=April 10, 2008 }}, SSMU ''The William Shatner University Centre is located at 3480 McTavish Street, on the west side of the McGill campus''</ref> The university administration refused to accept the name and did not attend the opening because it traditionally names buildings in honour of deceased community members or major benefactors—Shatner is neither. Nevertheless, the University Centre has been informally referred to as the Shatner Building ever since.<ref>{{Cite web |title=History - Students' Society of McGill University |url=https://ssmu.ca/about-us/history/ |access-date=April 1, 2022 |website=ssmu.ca |archive-date=May 20, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220520111831/https://ssmu.ca/about-us/history/ |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>Stojsic, Leslie. [http://www.reporter-archive.mcgill.ca/Rep/r3112/shatner.html "The trek back home"] {{Webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060512040451/http://www.reporter-archive.mcgill.ca/Rep/r3112/shatner.html |date=May 12, 2006 }}. ''McGill Reporter'', March 11, 1999.</ref>
====Student media==== McGill has a number of student-run publications. ''The McGill Daily'', first published in 1911, was previously published twice weekly,<ref name="mcgdaily">[http://mcgilldaily.theorem.ca/view.php?aid=709&f_iid=159 "About The McGill Daily"] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090115121947/http://mcgilldaily.theorem.ca/view.php?aid=709&f_iid=159 |date=January 15, 2009 }}, ''The McGill Daily'', 2008. Retrieved June 13, 2008.</ref> but shifted to a once-a-week publication schedule in September 2013 due to tightened budgets.<ref>[http://oncampus.macleans.ca/education/2013/08/01/student-newspapers-adapt-to-drop-in-advertising/ Student newspapers adapt to drop in advertising – Maclean's On Campus] {{Webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130921061050/http://oncampus.macleans.ca/education/2013/08/01/student-newspapers-adapt-to-drop-in-advertising/ |date=September 21, 2013 }}. Oncampus.macleans.ca (August 1, 2013). Retrieved on 2013-12-23.</ref> The ''Délit français'' is the ''Daily''{{'}}s French-language counterpart. The combined circulation of both papers is over 28,000.<ref name="mcgdaily" /> ''The Tribune'' currently publishes once a week, circulating approximately 11,000 copies across campus. ''The Bull & Bear'', operating under the Management Undergraduate Society, publishes 1,000 copies each month.<ref name="bullandbear">[http://bullandbear.musonline.com/about-us/] {{Webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130518192553/http://bullandbear.musonline.com/about-us/|date=May 18, 2013}}, "The Bull & Bear", 2013. Retrieved May 18, 2013.</ref> CKUT (90.3 FM) is the campus radio station. TVMcGill is the University TV station, broadcasting on closed-circuit television and over the internet.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.tvmcgill.com |title=TVMcGill |publisher=TVMcGill |access-date=February 20, 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110217094318/http://www.tvmcgill.com/ |archive-date=February 17, 2011}}</ref>
The McGill University Faculty of Law is home to three student-run academic journals, including the ''McGill Law Journal'', founded in 1952.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://lawjournal.mcgill.ca/en/text/9 |title=McGill Law Journal |publisher=Lawjournal.mcgill.ca |access-date=August 12, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170328223441/http://lawjournal.mcgill.ca/en/text/9 |archive-date=March 28, 2017 |url-status=dead}}</ref> thumb|right|Opening of the Student Union building, 1906
====Greek life==== The Greek system at McGill consists of several fraternities and sororities. Canada's only national fraternity, Phi Kappa Pi, was founded at McGill and the University of Toronto in 1913 and continues to be active. McGill was also chosen as the first University to expand to outside of the United States for several Greek letter organizations, for instance, with the Québec Alpha chapter of Phi Delta Theta in 1902.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Phi Delta Theta Becomes an International Fraternity |url=https://museum.phideltatheta.org/historical-moments/phi-delta-theta-becomes-an-international-fraternity/ |access-date=March 25, 2023 |website=Phi Delta Theta Museum |language=en-US |archive-date=March 25, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230325192651/https://museum.phideltatheta.org/historical-moments/phi-delta-theta-becomes-an-international-fraternity/ |url-status=live}}</ref> The Greek letter organizations at McGill are governed by the Inter-Greek Letter Council, the school's second-largest student group.<ref>{{Cite web |title=McGill IGLC Homepage |url=http://www.geocities.ws/mcgill_iglc/constitution.htm |access-date=May 16, 2021 |website=www.geocities.ws |archive-date=July 3, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220703055119/http://www.geocities.ws/mcgill_iglc/constitution.htm |url-status=live}}</ref> Over 500 students or approximately 2 per cent of the student population are in sororities and fraternities at McGill, on a par with most Canadian schools but below the average for American universities.<ref>{{Cite web |date=November 6, 2020 |title=McGill University Acceptance Rate in 2021 |url=https://worldscholarshipforum.com/mcgill-university-acceptance-rate/ |access-date=May 16, 2021 |website=World Scholarship Forum |archive-date=May 16, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210516165308/https://worldscholarshipforum.com/mcgill-university-acceptance-rate/ |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Williams |first=Parker |date=November 7, 2007 |title=Greek Row: Fraternity participation up, sororities down |url=https://dailyutahchronicle.com/2007/11/07/greek-row-fraternity-participation-up-sororities-down/ |access-date=May 16, 2021 |website=The Daily Utah Chronicle |archive-date=May 16, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210516165307/https://dailyutahchronicle.com/2007/11/07/greek-row-fraternity-participation-up-sororities-down/ |url-status=live}}</ref>
===Athletics=== {{Main|McGill Redbirds and Martlets}}
{{multiple image |total_width = 350 |image1 = Mcgill athletics logo.png |caption1 = McGill Athletics logo |image2 = Percival Molson Memorial Stadium, Montreal, Quebec.jpg| |caption2 = Percival Molson Memorial Stadium }} McGill is represented in U Sports by the McGill Redbirds and Martlets with the Redbirds representing men's teams and the Martlets representing women's teams. McGill is currently home to 28 varsity teams.
McGill is known for its strong baseball, hockey and lacrosse programs.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.laxpower.com/update15/binmen/XMCGXX.PHP |title=McGill Redmen, College Men's Lacrosse 2015 – LaxPower |website=www.laxpower.com |access-date=July 14, 2015 |archive-date=July 1, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170701154339/http://www.laxpower.com/update15/binmen/XMCGXX.PHP |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>[https://www.mcgill.ca/athletics/aboutathletics/faqs/ "Quick Facts"] {{Webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110120141049/http://www.mcgill.ca/athletics/aboutathletics/faqs/ |date=January 20, 2011 }}, "McGill Athletics", 2011. Accessed May 24, 2012.</ref> McGill's unique mascot, Marty the Martlet, was introduced during the 2005 Homecoming game.<ref>Sharma, Mira.[http://media.www.mcgilltribune.com/media/storage/paper234/news/2006/09/26/News/Campus.Marty.The.Martlet.Turns.One-2308647.shtml "CAMPUS: Marty the Martlet turns one"]{{dead link|date=June 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}, "The McGill Tribune" September 26, 2006. Accessed May 5, 2008.</ref>
The downtown McGill campus sport and exercise facilities include: the McGill Sports Centre (which includes the Tomlinson Fieldhouse and the Windsor Varsity Clinic),<ref>Thompson, Tom et al.[http://www.mcgilltrack.com/athleticshistory.php "McGill Track and Field History"] {{Webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070609180417/http://www.mcgilltrack.com/athleticshistory.php |date=June 9, 2007 }}, "McGill Athletics History", December 19, 2003. Accessed May 16, 2008.</ref> Molson Stadium, Memorial Pool, Tomlinson Hall, McConnell Arena, Forbes Field, many outdoor tennis courts and other extra-curricular arenas and faculties.<ref>[http://www.athletics.mcgill.ca/facilities_home.ch2 "Facilities"] {{Webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080512014940/http://www.athletics.mcgill.ca/facilities_home.ch2 |date=May 12, 2008 }}, "McGill Athletics", 2003. Accessed May 16, 2008.</ref>
The Macdonald Campus facilities include an arena, a gymnasium, a pool, tennis courts, fitness centres and hundreds of acres of green space for regular use.<ref>[http://www.agrenv.mcgill.ca/SOCIETY/ATHLETIC/ "Welcome to Macdonald Campus Athletics"] {{Webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080512060501/http://www.agrenv.mcgill.ca/SOCIETY/ATHLETIC/ |date=May 12, 2008 }}, "Macdonald Campus Athletics", 2008. Accessed May 16, 2008.</ref> The university's largest sporting venue, Molson Stadium, was constructed in 1914. Following an expansion project completed in 2010, it now seats just over 25,000,<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.cfl.ca/article/als-well-in-montreal-in-pre-season-win |title='Als' well in Montreal in pre-season win |author=The Canadian Press |publisher=Canadian Football League |date=June 20, 2010 |access-date=January 7, 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101202155330/http://www.cfl.ca/article/als-well-in-montreal-in-pre-season-win |archive-date=December 2, 2010 |author-link=The Canadian Press}}</ref> and is the current home field of the Montreal Alouettes.<ref>[http://www.athletics.mcgill.ca/facilities_details.ch2?facility_id=6 "Molson Stadium"] {{Webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080427025452/http://www.athletics.mcgill.ca/facilities_details.ch2?facility_id=6 |date=April 27, 2008 }}, "McGill Athletics", 2008. Accessed May 17, 2008.</ref><!-- Moved to respective article: ====Athletic history==== In 1868, the first recorded game of rugby in North America occurred in Montreal, between British army officers and McGill students,<ref>[http://www.rugbyfootballhistory.com/timeline1860s.htm Historical Rugby Milestones] {{Webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090224211646/http://www.rugbyfootballhistory.com/timeline1860s.htm |date=February 24, 2009 }}, RugbyFootballHistory.com</ref><ref>[http://www.universitysport.ca/e/football/history.cfm A History of Canadian University Football], Robert E. Watkins {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080412202531/http://www.universitysport.ca/e/football/history.cfm |date=April 12, 2008}}</ref> giving McGill the oldest University-affiliated rugby club in North America. Other McGill-originated sports evolved out of rugby rules: football, hockey, and basketball. The first game of North American football was played between McGill and Harvard on May 14, 1874,<ref>Watkins, Robert E.[http://www.cisfootball.org/history/origins.html "A History of Canadian University Football"] {{Webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080420201947/http://www.cisfootball.org/history/origins.html |date=April 20, 2008 }}, "CISfootball.org", May 2006. Accessed May 18, 2008.</ref> leading to the spread of American football throughout the Ivy League.<ref>[http://www.newsdial.com/sports/football/football-history.html "History of American Football"] {{Webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100925234346/http://newsdial.com/sports/football/football-history.html |date=September 25, 2010 }}, "NEWSdial.com", 2008. Accessed May 18, 2008.</ref>
On March 3, 1875, the first organized indoor hockey game was played at Montreal's Victoria Skating Rink between two nine-player teams, including James Creighton and several McGill University students. The McGill University Hockey Club, the first organized hockey club, was founded in 1877<ref>{{cite web |last=Zukerman |first=Earl |title=McGill's contribution to the origins of ice hockey |date=March 17, 2005 |url=http://www.athletics.mcgill.ca/varsity_sports_article.ch2?article_id=81 |access-date=October 11, 2006 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061004083915/http://www.athletics.mcgill.ca/varsity_sports_article.ch2?article_id=81 |archive-date=October 4, 2006 |url-status=dead}}</ref> and played its first game on January 31, 1877.<ref>[http://216.46.30.11/varsity_sports_article.ch2?article_id=2784 "McGill Redmen GAME NOTES for Ottawa & Clarkson – UPCOMING MILESTONE"]{{dead link|date=June 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}, "McGill Athletics" January 5, 2007. Accessed May 4, 2008.</ref> Very soon thereafter, those McGill students wrote the first hockey rule book. A McGill team was one of four that competed in the Amateur Hockey Association of Canada, founded in 1886. AHAC teams competed for the first Stanley Cup in 1893; the AHAC became one of predecessor organizations of the National Hockey League.<ref name="Lennox2009">{{cite book |author=Doug Lennox |title=Now You Know Big Book of Sports |url=https://archive.org/details/nowyouknowbigboo0000lenn_j6r9 |url-access=registration |access-date=June 10, 2011 |date=August 31, 2009 |publisher=Dundurn Press Ltd. |isbn=978-1-55488-454-4 |pages=[https://archive.org/details/nowyouknowbigboo0000lenn_j6r9/page/12 12]–}}</ref> McGill alumnus James Naismith invented basketball in early December 1891.<ref>[https://www.mcgill.ca/prospective/viewbook/athletics/ Athletics], ''Viewbook 2005–2006''. {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060822093948/http://www.mcgill.ca/prospective/viewbook/athletics/ |date=August 22, 2006}}</ref>
There has been a McGill alumnus or alumna competing at every Olympic Games since 1908.<ref>[https://www.mcgill.ca/reporter/33/01/olympics/sidebar/ "McGill's Olympians"] {{Webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170830010457/https://www.mcgill.ca/reporter/33/01/olympics/sidebar/ |date=August 30, 2017 }}, "McGill Reporter", September 7, 2000. Accessed May 16, 2008.</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20051218122022/http://216.46.30.11/varsity_sports_article.ch2?article_id=108 "McGill send 27 to 2004 Athens Summer Olympics"], "McGill Athletics", August 13, 2004. Accessed May 16, 2008.</ref><ref>[http://216.46.30.11/varsity_sports_article.ch2?article_id=482 "2004 inductees to McGill Sports Hall of Fame"]{{dead link|date=June 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}, "McGill Athletics", June 24, 2004. Accessed May 16, 2008.</ref> Swimmer George Hodgson won two gold medals at the 1912 Summer Olympics, ice hockey goaltender Kim St-Pierre won gold medals at the 2002 Winter Olympics and at the 2006 Winter Olympics. Other 2006 gold medalists are Jennifer Heil (women's freestyle mogul) and goaltender Charline Labonté (women's ice hockey). thumb|right|McGill Hockey Team, 1904 A 2005 hazing scandal forced the cancellation of the final two games in the McGill Redmen football season.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.cbc.ca/sports/football/mcgill-scraps-football-season-over-hazing-1.553792 |title=McGill scraps football season over hazing |publisher=CBC Sports |date=October 19, 2005 |access-date=March 25, 2020 |archive-date=December 20, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191220075859/https://www.cbc.ca/sports/football/mcgill-scraps-football-season-over-hazing-1.553792 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/national/mcgill-cuts-its-season-short/article18250428/ |title=McGill cuts its season short |website=The Globe and Mail Inc. |date=October 19, 2005 |author=Ingrid Peritz |access-date=March 25, 2020 |archive-date=August 4, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200804000904/https://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/national/mcgill-cuts-its-season-short/article18250428/ |url-status=live}}</ref>
In 2006, McGill's Senate approved a proposed anti-hazing policy to define forbidden initiation practices.<ref>[https://www.theglobeandmail.com/servlet/story/LAC.20070111.HAZING11/TPStory/?query=mcgill McGill get tough with hazing]{{dead link|date=April 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}. The Globe and Mail, January 11, 2007. Caroline Alphonso. {{dead link|date=June 2016|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref>
In 2018, after a slew of protests—both online and on-campus—an online vote revealed that 78.8 per cent of the McGill student population were in favour of changing the varsity teams' "Redmen" name, with 21 per cent against.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Curtis |first1=Christopher |title=McGill students vote overwhelmingly to change 'Redmen' name in non-binding referendum |url=https://montrealgazette.com/news/local-news/mcgill-redmen-tensions-mount-as-students-vote-on-controversial-name |access-date=March 27, 2019 |newspaper=Montreal Gazette |date=November 13, 2018 |archive-date=March 27, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190327210217/https://montrealgazette.com/news/local-news/mcgill-redmen-tensions-mount-as-students-vote-on-controversial-name |url-status=live}}</ref> The university's nickname emerged in the 1920s. In the 1950s, both men's and women's teams came to be nicknamed the "Indians" and "Squaws", and some teams later adopted a logo of an indigenous man wearing a headdress in the 1980s and '90s. In December 2018, McGill University released a working group report that revealed deep divisions between students and alumni who defend the nearly century-old name and those who feel it is derogatory to indigenous students. In January 2019, it was announced that the principal Suzanne Fortier would decide whether or not to change the name by the end of the 2019 academic term.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Deer |first1=Jessica |title=McGill to make decision on Redmen name by end of academic term |url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/indigenous/mcgill-redmen-name-decision-fortier-1.4999613 |access-date=March 27, 2019 |publisher=CBC News |date=January 30, 2019 |archive-date=March 24, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190324230353/https://www.cbc.ca/news/indigenous/mcgill-redmen-name-decision-fortier-1.4999613 |url-status=live}}</ref>
In 2019, an announcement confirmed that the Redmen name for its men's varsity sports teams had been dropped. No new name was planned; the groups would be known as the McGill teams. However, in 2020 McGill University revealed that the varsity men's sports teams would be known as the "Redbirds". The name carries historical links to several McGill sports clubs, teams, and events.<ref>{{cite news |title=The McGill Redbirds: new name for a new era to wear, and cheer for with pride |url=https://www.mcgill.ca/newsroom/channels/news/mcgill-redbirds-new-name-new-era-wear-and-cheer-pride-326286 |access-date=November 21, 2020 |agency=McGill University |publisher=Newsroom Institutional Communications |date=November 17, 2020 |archive-date=November 17, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201117155303/https://www.mcgill.ca/newsroom/channels/news/mcgill-redbirds-new-name-new-era-wear-and-cheer-pride-326286 |url-status=live}}</ref> The former name would remain in the McGill Sports Hall of Fame and on items such as existing plaques, trophies and championship photos.<ref>{{cite news |title=McGill University drops Redmen name from sports teams, cites pain caused to Indigenous students |url=https://www.thestar.com/sports/2019/04/12/mcgill-university-to-drop-redmen-name-from-sports-teams.html |access-date=April 13, 2019 |newspaper=Toronto Star |date=April 12, 2019 |archive-date=April 13, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190413091647/https://www.thestar.com/sports/2019/04/12/mcgill-university-to-drop-redmen-name-from-sports-teams.html |url-status=live}}</ref>
====Rivalries==== McGill maintains an academic and athletic rivalry with Queen's University in Kingston, Ontario. Competition between rowing athletes at the two schools has inspired an annual boat race between the two universities in the spring of each year since 1997, inspired by the famous Oxford-Cambridge Boat Race.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Weston |first1=Greg |title=Rowers reel in McGill |journal=Queen's Journal |date=May 27, 2008 |url=http://queensjournal.ca/story/2008-05-27/sports/rowers-reel-mcgill/ |access-date=August 5, 2014 |archive-date=August 10, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140810192007/http://queensjournal.ca/story/2008-05-27/sports/rowers-reel-mcgill/ |url-status=live}}</ref> The football rivalry, which started in 1884, ended after Canadian University athletic divisions were re-organized in 2000; the Ontario-Quebec Intercollegiate Football Conference was divided into Ontario University Athletics and Quebec Student Sports Federation.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Busing |first1=Hillary |title=McGill Rivalry Ends |journal=Queen's Journal |date=September 19, 2000 |url=http://queensjournal.ca/story/2000-09-19/news/mcgill-rivalry-ends/ |access-date=August 5, 2014 |archive-date=August 10, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140810192013/http://queensjournal.ca/story/2000-09-19/news/mcgill-rivalry-ends/ |url-status=live}}</ref> The rivalry returned in 2002 when it transferred to the annual home-and-home hockey games between the two institutions. Queen's students refer to these matches as "Kill McGill" games, and usually show up in Montreal in atypically large numbers to cheer on the Queen's Golden Gaels hockey team.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Vertlieb |first1=Dan |title=Gaels fail to 'Kill McGill' |journal=Queen's Journal |date=September 19, 2000 |volume=128 |issue=7 |url=http://queensjournal.ca/story/2000-09-19/sports/gaels-fail-kill-mcgill/ |access-date=August 5, 2014 |archive-date=August 10, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140810192010/http://queensjournal.ca/story/2000-09-19/sports/gaels-fail-kill-mcgill/ |url-status=live}}</ref> In 2007, McGill students arrived in bus-loads to cheer on the McGill Redmen, occupying a third of Queen's Jock Harty Arena.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Bucholtz |first1=Andrew |title=A bitter pill from McGill |journal=Queen's Journal |date=November 23, 2007 |volume=135 |issue=22 |url=http://queensjournal.ca/story/2007-11-23/sports/bitter-pill-mcgill/ |access-date=August 5, 2014 |archive-date=August 10, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140810192111/http://queensjournal.ca/story/2007-11-23/sports/bitter-pill-mcgill/ |url-status=live}}</ref>
The school also competes in the annual "Old Four (IV)" soccer tournament, with Queen's University, the University of Toronto and the University of Western Ontario.<ref>{{cite web |title=U of T Soccer to Host Old Four Tournament |url=http://www.varsityblues.ca/news/?id=10417 |access-date=September 2, 2008}}{{dead link|date=September 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} ''"The University of Toronto Varsity Blues soccer program is proud to host a very time-honoured tradition – the annual Old Four tournament, August 30–31, 2008 at the Varsity Centre. This tournament features the original four football schools in Canadian university sport: McGill University, Queen’s University, the University of Western Ontario and the University of Toronto."''</ref>
McGill and Harvard are also athletic rivals, as demonstrated by the biennial Harvard-McGill rugby games, alternately played in Montreal and Cambridge.<ref>{{cite news |title=Ruggers Set For Rivalry; McGill Comes to Town |url=http://www.thecrimson.com/article/1987/10/30/ruggers-set-for-rivalry-mcgill-comes/ |access-date=August 5, 2014 |date=October 30, 1987 |archive-date=August 8, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140808054815/http://www.thecrimson.com/article/1987/10/30/ruggers-set-for-rivalry-mcgill-comes/ |url-status=live}}</ref>
<gallery> File:Queen's-McGill-ChallengeBlade.jpg|The Queen's-McGill Challenge Blade File:LorneGalesTrophy.jpg|The Lorne Gales Trophy </gallery> -->
==Notable people== {{Main list|List of McGill University people }}
McGill alumni have played pivotal roles in the founding of several institutions of higher education. These include the first President of the University of British Columbia (UBC) Frank Wesbrook,<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.library.ubc.ca/archives/u_arch/wesbrook.pdf |title=Frank F. Wesbrook fonds |publisher=University of British Columbia Archives |access-date=December 29, 2021 |archive-date=February 17, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220217154258/https://www.library.ubc.ca/archives/u_arch/wesbrook.pdf |url-status=live}}</ref> the former President of UBC and current President of the University of Michigan Santa J. Ono, the co-founder of the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine William Osler,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Moments that changed McGill |url=https://mcgillnews.mcgill.ca/s/1762/news/interior.aspx?sid=1762&gid=2&pgid=996 |access-date=October 18, 2020 |website=mcgillnews.mcgill.ca |archive-date=August 26, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160826193001/http://mcgillnews.mcgill.ca/s/1762/news/interior.aspx?sid=1762&gid=2&pgid=996 |url-status=live}}</ref> and the first President of the University of Alberta Henry Marshall Tory.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Henry Marshall Tory |url=https://sites.ualberta.ca/ALUMNI/history/peoplep-z/47OctTory.htm |access-date=October 18, 2020 |website=sites.ualberta.ca |archive-date=October 19, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201019082316/https://sites.ualberta.ca/ALUMNI/history/peoplep-z/47OctTory.htm |url-status=live}}</ref> More recent academic leaders include President of Princeton University Harold Tafler Shapiro,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Harold T. Shapiro |url=https://scholar.princeton.edu/hts/home |access-date=October 18, 2020 |website=scholar.princeton.edu |archive-date=November 30, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221130003120/https://scholar.princeton.edu/hts/home |url-status=live}}</ref> and former President of Stanford University Marc Trevor Tessier-Lavigne.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Lapin |first=Lisa |date=February 4, 2015 |title=Neuroscience pioneer Marc Tessier-Lavigne named Stanford's next president |url=https://news.stanford.edu/features/2016/president-named/ |access-date=October 18, 2020 |website=news.stanford.edu |archive-date=January 12, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220112171345/https://news.stanford.edu/features/2016/president-named/ |url-status=live}}</ref>
In the arts, McGill students include four Pulitzer Prize winners,{{NoteTag|name=Pulitzer|These are Leon Edel (1963), Charles Krauthammer (1987), John F. Burns (1993, 1997<ref name=PP2>{{cite web |url=http://www.pulitzer.org/biography/1997-International-Reporting |title=The 1997 Pulitzer Prize Winners |publisher=Pulitzer.org |date=October 4, 1944 |access-date=February 20, 2011 |archive-date=January 8, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100108080143/http://www.pulitzer.org/biography/1997-International-Reporting |url-status=live}}</ref>) and Matthew Rosenberg (2018).<ref name=PP1>{{cite web |url=http://www.pulitzer.org/prize-winners-by-category/209 |title=National Reporting |publisher=Pulitzer.org |date=April 16, 2018 |access-date=May 23, 2018 |archive-date=April 26, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170426232840/http://www.pulitzer.org/prize-winners-by-category/209 |url-status=live}}</ref>}} Templeton and Berggruen Prize winner Charles Taylor,<ref>{{cite web |last=Murphy |first=Mike |url=https://www.mcgill.ca/reporter/39/13/taylor/ |title=Charles Taylor awarded Templeton |publisher=Mcgill.ca |access-date=February 20, 2011 |archive-date=June 18, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180618203308/https://www.mcgill.ca/reporter/39/13/taylor/ |url-status=live}}</ref> essayist and novelist John Ralston Saul, and Emmy Award-winning actor William Shatner.
In the sciences, McGill graduates and faculty have received a total of 15 Nobel Prizes in disciplines ranging from Physiology, Medicine, Economics, Chemistry and Physics. McGill has also produced five astronauts out of 14 total selected in the CSA's history.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://publications.mcgill.ca/reporter/2017/07/mcgill-grad-jennifer-sidey-becomes-canadas-newest-astronaut/ |title=McGill grad Jennifer Sidey becomes Canada's newest astronaut : McGill Reporter |website=publications.mcgill.ca |access-date=June 23, 2018 |archive-date=June 23, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180623165814/https://publications.mcgill.ca/reporter/2017/07/mcgill-grad-jennifer-sidey-becomes-canadas-newest-astronaut/ |url-status=live}}</ref> Other prominent science alumni include the inventor of the artificial cell Thomas Chang,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Thomas Chang |url=https://www.mcgill.ca/about/article/thomas-chang-professor-physiology |access-date=October 18, 2020 |website=About McGill |archive-date=August 29, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230829132455/https://www.mcgill.ca/about/article/thomas-chang-professor-physiology |url-status=live}}</ref> inventor of the internet search engine Alan Emtage,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Search engine pioneer inducted into Internet Hall of Fame |url=https://mcgillnews.mcgill.ca/s/1762/news/interior.aspx?sid=1762&gid=2&pgid=1768 |access-date=October 18, 2020 |website=mcgillnews.mcgill.ca |archive-date=May 17, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220517000953/https://mcgillnews.mcgill.ca/s/1762/news/interior.aspx?sid=1762&gid=2&pgid=1768 |url-status=live}}</ref> and inventor of the explosives vapour detector (EVD-1) Lorne Elias.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ideas That Made History |url=https://mcgillnews.mcgill.ca/s/1762/news/interior.aspx?sid=1762&gid=2&pgid=1222 |access-date=January 23, 2022 |website=mcgillnews.mcgill.ca |language=en |archive-date=September 27, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230927172017/https://mcgillnews.mcgill.ca/s/1762/news/interior.aspx?sid=1762&gid=2&pgid=1222 |url-status=live}}</ref>
In law and politics, McGill alumni include three Prime Ministers of Canada (John Abbott,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sir John Abbott {{!}} prime minister of Canada |url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/John-Abbott |access-date=October 18, 2020 |website=Encyclopedia Britannica |archive-date=May 29, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190529224752/https://www.britannica.com/biography/John-Abbott |url-status=live}}</ref> Wilfrid Laurier<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sir Wilfrid Laurier {{!}} The Canadian Encyclopedia |url=https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/sir-wilfrid-laurier |access-date=October 18, 2020 |website=www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca |archive-date=October 19, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201019030337/https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/sir-wilfrid-laurier |url-status=live}}</ref> and Justin Trudeau<ref>{{Cite web |title=Justin Trudeau {{!}} Biography, Facts, & Father |url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Justin-Trudeau |access-date=October 18, 2020 |website=Encyclopedia Britannica |quote=Trudeau earned a B.A. in English from McGill University (1994) |archive-date=October 28, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201028065925/https://www.britannica.com/biography/Justin-Trudeau |url-status=live}}</ref>), one Governor General of Canada (Julie Payette<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Governor General of Canada Her Excellency the Right Honourable Julie Payette Biography |url=https://www.gg.ca/en/governor-general/governor-general-julie-payette/biography |access-date=October 18, 2020 |archive-date=October 13, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201013183106/https://www.gg.ca/en/governor-general/governor-general-julie-payette/biography |url-status=dead}}</ref>). A number of foreign leaders have graduated from McGill including President of Costa Rica Daniel Oduber Quirós,<ref>{{Cite web |last=MENAFN |title=Philosopher, Poet, and President of Costa Rica in 1974 Daniel Oduber Quiroz |url=https://menafn.com/1100318107/Philosopher-Poet-and-President-of-Costa-Rica-in-1974-Daniel-Oduber-Quiroz |access-date=October 18, 2020 |website=menafn.com |archive-date=June 27, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200627010104/https://menafn.com/1100318107/Philosopher-Poet-and-President-of-Costa-Rica-in-1974-Daniel-Oduber-Quiroz |url-status=live}}</ref> President of Latvia Vaira Vīķe-Freiberga,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Vaira Vike-Freiberga {{!}} president of Latvia |url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Vaira-Vike-Freiberga |access-date=October 18, 2020 |website=Encyclopedia Britannica |archive-date=October 23, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201023084745/https://www.britannica.com/biography/Vaira-Vike-Freiberga |url-status=live}}</ref> Prime Minister of Egypt Ahmed Nazif.<ref name="egyptiancabinet.gov.eg">[http://www.egyptiancabinet.gov.eg/Cabinet/Prime_Minister.aspx Prime Minister] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101125014145/http://www.egyptiancabinet.gov.eg/Cabinet/Prime_Minister.aspx|date=November 25, 2010}}</ref> John Peters Humphrey wrote with Eleanor Roosevelt the Universal Declaration of Human Rights.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Editorial: John Humphrey, Eleanor Roosevelt and the Universal Declaration of Human Rights {{!}} The Canadian Encyclopedia |url=https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/the-universal-declaration-of-human-rights-feature |access-date=December 11, 2020 |website=www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca |archive-date=June 3, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230603092948/https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/the-universal-declaration-of-human-rights-feature |url-status=live}}</ref>
In sport, McGill students and alumni include 121 Olympians who have won 35 Olympic medals.<ref name="Olympians">{{cite web |date=April 5, 2016 |title=10 Things: McGill in the Olympics |url=https://www.mcgilltribune.com/sports/10-things-mcgill-olympics-441121/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200803220324/https://www.mcgilltribune.com/sports/10-things-mcgill-olympics-441121/ |archive-date=August 3, 2020 |access-date=March 11, 2020 |publisher=The McGill Tribune}}</ref> Other notable sporting alumni include the inventor of basketball James Naismith<ref>{{cite web |title=James Naismith |url=https://www.biography.com/scholar/james-a-naismith |access-date=January 25, 2020 |archive-date=April 2, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190402191209/https://www.biography.com/people/james-a-naismith-9420059 |url-status=live}}</ref> and Triple Gold Club member Mike Babcock.<ref>{{Cite press release |title=Education alumnus Mike Babcock (BEd (Phys Ed) 1986) to receive Order of Hockey in Canada honour |url=https://www.mcgill.ca/education/channels/news/education-alumnus-mike-babcock-bed-phys-ed-1986-receive-order-hockey-canada-honour-284629 |access-date=October 18, 2020 |publisher=McGill Faculty of Education |archive-date=April 4, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230404074818/https://www.mcgill.ca/education/channels/news/education-alumnus-mike-babcock-bed-phys-ed-1986-receive-order-hockey-canada-honour-284629 |url-status=live}}</ref>
As of 2024, alumni have included 149 Rhodes Scholars.<ref>https://reporter.mcgill.ca/next-stop-oxford/</ref>
<gallery class="center" classes="center" mode="nolines" caption="Notable McGill alumni include:"> File:SirJohnAbbott1.jpg|3rd prime minister of Canada Sir John Abbott (BCL, 1847). File:The Honourable Sir Wilfrid Laurier Photo A (HS85-10-16871) cropped.jpg|7th prime minister of Canada Sir Wilfrid Laurier (BCL, 1864). File:James Naismith at Springfield College circa 1920.jpg|Inventor of the game of basketball James Naismith (BA, 1887). File:Claire Kirkland-Casgrain (cropped).png|First woman elected to the Quebec National Assembly Marie-Claire Kirkland (BA 1947, BCL 1950). File:Nobel Prize 2009-Press Conference KVA-23.jpg|Co-inventor of the CCD and Nobel prize laureate in Physics Willard Boyle (BSc, 1947; MSc 1948; PhD 1950). File:Star Trek William Shatner.JPG|Emmy Award winner known for his portrayal of Captain Kirk in the ''Star Trek'' franchise William Shatner (BComm, 1952). File:Brenda Milner.jpg|Balzan Prize winner, referred to as "the founder of neuropsychology" Brenda Milner (PhD, 1952) File:Leonard Cohen, 1988 01.jpg|Grammy Award winner and poet Leonard Cohen (BA, 1955). File:Vaira Vīķe-Freiberga.jpg|6th President of Latvia Vaira Vīķe-Freiberga (PhD, 1965). File:Ahmed Nazif IGF.JPG|48th Prime Minister of Egypt Ahmed Nazif (PhD, 1983). File:Julie Payette 2017.jpg|Former astronaut and 29th governor general of Canada Julie Payette (BEng, 1986). File:Yoshua Bengio 2019 cropped.jpg|Turing Award winner Yoshua Bengio (BEng, 1986; MSc, 1988; PhD, 1991). File:Trudeau visit White House for USMCA (cropped).jpg|The 23rd prime minister of Canada Justin Trudeau (BA, 1994). File:Joanne Liu at Chatham House 2015.jpg|Former international president of Médecins Sans Frontières Joanne Liu (MDCM, 1991; IMHL, 2014). </gallery><!-- Incomplete: ==In popular culture== In the American medical drama, ''House'', the character Dr. James Wilson has an undergraduate degree from McGill,<ref name="housegod">{{cite episode |title=House vs. God |episode-link=House vs. God |series=House, M.D. |series-link=House (TV series) |airdate=April 25, 2006 |season=2 |number=19}}</ref> -->
==See also== {{Portal|Canada}} {{colbegin|colwidth=30em}} * List of McGill University people * McGill University School of Architecture * Schulich School of Music * Academic dress of McGill University * Canadian government scientific research organizations * Canadian industrial research and development organizations * Canadian university scientific research organizations * Cundill History Prize, awarded by McGill * History Trek, developed by McGill researchers * List of Canadian universities by endowment * List of oldest universities in continuous operation * Maude Abbott Medical Museum * McGill University Non-Academic Certified Association * McGill University School of Information Studies * Montreal Laboratory (for nuclear research, World War II) * Osler Library of the History of Medicine * McGill University Department of Social Studies of Medicine * U15 Group of Canadian Research Universities * Montreal experiments {{colend}}
==Notes== {{NoteFoot}}
==References==
{{Reflist}}
==Further reading== {{Refbegin|60em}} * Axelrod, Paul. "McGill University on the Landscape of Canadian Higher Education: Historical Reflections." Higher Education Perspectives 1 (1996–97). * Coleman, Brian. "McGill, British Columbia." McGill Journal of Education 6, no. 2 (Autumn 1976). * Collard, Andrew. ''The McGill You Knew: An Anthology of Memories, 1920–1960''. Toronto: Longman Canada, 1975. * Frost, Stanley B. ''The History of McGill in Relation to the Social, Economic and Cultural Aspects of Montreal and Quebec'' (Montreal: McGill University. 1979). * Frost, Stanley B. ''McGill University: For the Advancement of Learning.'' Vol I. (Montreal: McGill-Queen's University Press 1980) {{ISBN|978-0-7735-0353-3}} * Frost, Stanley B. ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=_QzvEBNIxC8C&pg=PR23 McGill University: For the Advancement of Learning] {{Webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230404052347/https://books.google.com/books?id=_QzvEBNIxC8C&pg=PR23 |date=April 4, 2023 }}.'' Vol II.(Montreal: McGill-Queen's University Press 1984) {{ISBN|978-0-7735-0422-6}} * Gillett, Margaret. ''We Walked Very Warily: A History of Women at McGill''. Montreal: Eden Press, 1981. * {{Cite book |last=Hanaway |first=Joseph |author2=Richard L. Cruess |author3=James Darragh |year=1996 |title=McGill Medicine: Vol. 1 1829–1885 and Vol. 2 1885–1936 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xb39acQW9N4C&pg=PP1 |publisher=McGill-Queen's University Press |isbn=0-7735-2958-6 |access-date=February 27, 2021 |archive-date=September 27, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230927172043/https://books.google.com/books?id=xb39acQW9N4C&pg=PP1#v=onepage&q&f=false |url-status=live}} * Markell, H. Keith ''The Faculty of Religious Studies, McGill University, 1948–1978'' (Montreal: Faculty of Religious Studies, 1979) * [http://www.historyofmcgillproject.mcgill.ca/docs/booklet_en.pdf McGill Milestones 1744–1999] {{Webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210709182604/http://www.historyofmcgillproject.mcgill.ca/docs/booklet_en.pdf |date=July 9, 2021 }}. Compiled by F. Cyril James 1972 and revised by Stanley B. Frost 1999. McGill Development Office. * {{usurped|1=[https://web.archive.org/web/20220302071527/https://www.msurj.com/ McGill Science Undergraduate Research Journal]}} * [https://scholarshipshall.com/mcgill-university-acceptance-rate/ McGill University Acceptance Rate] {{Webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210803072816/https://scholarshipshall.com/mcgill-university-acceptance-rate/ |date=August 3, 2021 }}. Scholarships Hall. Retrieved August 3, 2021. * Young, Brian J. ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=mWIo8sd4njsC&pg=PP1 The Making and Unmaking of a University Museum: The McCord, 1921–1996] {{Webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230404052348/https://books.google.com/books?id=mWIo8sd4njsC&pg=PP1 |date=April 4, 2023 }}'' McGill-Queen's University Press 2000. {{ISBN|978-0-7735-2049-3}} {{Refend}}
==External links== {{Commons category}} {{Scholia|organization}} * {{Official website}} * [http://www.imtl.org/montreal/montreal.php?vsearch=1&expo=MCGILL&m=Buildings%20of%20McGill%20College McGill campus buildings] – Images Montréal * [http://yearbooks.mcgill.ca/ McGill yearbooks (1898–2000)] – McGill Library
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