Margarites

{{Short description|Genus of gastropods}} {{Automatic taxobox | image = Margarites pupillus 01.JPG | image_caption = ''Margarites pupillus'' | image2 = Margarites ecarinatus 002.jpg | image2_caption = Apertural view of a shell of ''Margarites ecarinatus'' | taxon = Margarites | authority = Gray, 1847{{No-gastropod-genus-ref}} | synonyms_ref = | synonyms = * ''Eumargarita'' P. Fischer, 1885 * ''Eumargarita (Valvatella)'' Gray, 1857 * ''Margarita'' Leach, 1819 (Invalid: junior homonym of ''Margarita'' Leach, 1814 [Bivalvia, Pteriidae]) * ''Trochus (Margarita)'' Leach, 1819 (non Leach, 1814) * ''Valvatella'' Gray, 1857 | type_species = ''Helix margarita'' | type_species_authority = Montagu, 1808 }}

'''''Margarites''''' is a genus of sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Margaritidae.<ref name="WoRMS">{{WRMS species|138592|''Margarites'' Gray, 1847||6 July 2013}}</ref>

This genus belonged previously to the subfamily Margaritinae in the family Turbinidae.

==Description== This genus consists of small species of variable size between 3 mm and 15 mm. The Alaskan specimens of ''Margarites costalis'' reach almost 25 mm in diameter. Their flat shell has a turbiniform shape with convex whorls and a typical iridescent lustre. ==Species== Species within the genus ''Margarites'' include:<ref name="WoRMS" /> {{div col|colwidth=20em}} * ''Margarites albolineatus'' (E. A. Smith, 1899) * ''Margarites angulatus'' Galkin, 1955 * ''Margarites argentatus'' (Gould, 1841)<ref>{{WRMS species|153583|''Margarites argentatus'' (Gould)||20 April 2010}}</ref> * ''Margarites atlantoides'' (Quinn, 1992) * ''Margarites avachensis'' Galkin, 1955 [ex Bartsch MS] * ''Margarites avenosooki'' MacGinitie, 1959 * ''Margarites bairdii'' (Dall, 1889)<ref>{{WRMS species|419453|''Margarites bairdii'' (Dall, 1889)||20 April 2010}}</ref> * ''Margarites biconica'' Numanami, 1996<ref>{{WRMS species|197261|''Margarites biconica'' Numanami, 1996||20 April 2010}}</ref> * ''Margarites bisikovi'' Egorov, 2000<ref>{{WRMS species|457214|''Margarites bisikovi'' Egorov, 2000||20 April 2010}}</ref> * ''Margarites cabernet'' Egorov, 2000<ref>{{WRMS species|457215|''Margarites cabernet'' Egorov, 2000||20 April 2010}}</ref> * ''Margarites calliostomoides'' Egorov, 2000<ref>{{WRMS species|457216|''Margarites calliostomoides'' Egorov, 2000||20 April 2010}}</ref> * ''Margarites costalis'' (Gould, 1841)<ref>{{WRMS species|141819|''Margarites costalis'' (Gould, 1841)||20 April 2010}}</ref> * ''Margarites crebrilirulata'' (Smith, 1907)<ref>{{WRMS species|197262|''Margarites crebrilirulata'' (Smith, 1907)||20 April 2010}}</ref> * ''Margarites dnopherus'' (Watson, 1879) * ''Margarites ecarinatus'' (Dall, 1919) * ''Margarites giganteus'' (Leche, 1878)<ref>{{WRMS species|254467|''Margarites giganteus'' (Leche, 1878)||20 April 2010}}</ref> * ''Margarites glabrus'' Golikov & Gulbin, 1978 * ''Margarites groenlandicus'' (Gmelin, 1791)<ref>{{WRMS species|141820|''Margarites groenlandicus'' (Gmelin, 1791)||20 April 2010}}</ref> * ''Margarites gunnerusensis'' Numanami, 1996<ref>{{WRMS species|197263|''Margarites gunnerusensis'' Numanami, 1996||20 April 2010}}</ref> * ''Margarites helicinus'' (Phipps, 1774)<ref>{{WRMS species|141821|''Margarites helicinus'' (Phipps, 1774)||20 April 2010}}</ref> * ''Margarites hickmanae'' J. H. McLean, 1984 * ''Margarites huloti'' Vilvens & Sellanes, 2006<ref>{{WRMS species|389918|''Margarites huloti'' Vilvens & Sellanes, 2006||20 April 2010}}</ref> * ''Margarites imperialis'' Simone & Birman, 2006<ref>{{WRMS species|389850|''Margarites imperialis'' Simone & Birman, 2006||20 April 2010}}</ref> * ''Margarites keepi'' Smith & Gordon, 1948 * ''Margarites kophameli'' (Strebel, 1905) * ''Margarites koreanicus'' (Dall, 1919) * ''Margarites laminarum'' (Jeffreys, 1883) * ''Margarites miona'' Dall, 1927 * ''Margarites mirabilis'' Simone & Birman, 2006<ref>{{WRMS species|389851|''Margarites mirabilis'' Simone & Birman, 2006||20 April 2010}}</ref> * ''Margarites olivaceus'' (Brown, 1827)<ref>{{WRMS species|141822|''Margarites olivaceus'' (Brown, 1827)||20 April 2010}}</ref> * ''Margarites picturatus'' Golikov, in Golikov & Scarlato, 1967 * ''Margarites pilsbryi'' Kuroda & Habe, 1952 * ''Margarites pribiloffensis'' (Dall, 1919) * ''Margarites pupillus'' (Gould, 1849) * ''Margarites refulgens'' (Smith, 1907)<ref>{{WRMS species|197264|''Margarites refulgens'' (Smith, 1907)||20 April 2010}}</ref> * ''Margarites rossicus'' Dall, 1919 * ''Margarites ryukyuensis'' Okutani, Sasaki & Tsuchida, 2000<ref>{{WRMS species|457997|''Margarites ryukyuensis'' Okutani, Sasaki & Tsuchida, 2000||20 April 2010}}</ref> * ''Margarites salmoneus'' (Carpenter, 1864) * ''Margarites schantaricus'' (Middendorff, 1849) * ''Margarites scintillans'' (Watson, 1879) * ''Margarites shinkai'' Okutani, Tsuchida & Fujikura, 1992 * ''Margarites simbla'' Dall, 1913 * ''Margarites smithi'' Bartsch, 1927 * ''Margarites sordidus'' (Hancock, 1846)<ref>{{WRMS species|160357|''Margarites sordidus'' (Hancock, 1846)||20 April 2010}}</ref> * ''Margarites striatus'' (Leach, 1841)<ref>{{WRMS species|153546|''Margarites striatus'' (Leach, 1841)||20 April 2010}}</ref> * ''Margarites toroides'' Hoffman, van Heugten & Lavaleye, 2011 * ''Margarites vahlii'' (Møller, 1842)<ref>{{WRMS species|141823|''Margarites vahlii'' (Møller, 1842)||20 April 2010}}</ref> * ''Margarites vityazi'' Egorov, 2000<ref>{{WRMS species|457217|''Margarites vityazi'' Egorov, 2000||20 April 2010}}</ref> * ''Margarites vorticiferus'' (Dall, 1873) {{div col end}}

;Species brought into synonymy: * ''Margarites acuticostatus'' Carpenter, 1864: synonym of ''Parviturbo acuticostatus'' (Carpenter, 1864) * ''Margarites alabastrum'' "Beck, H.H. MS" Lovén, S.L., 1846: synonym of ''Calliostoma occidentale'' (Mighels, J.W. & C.B. Adams, 1842) * ''Margarites albula'' Gould, A.A., 1861: synonym of ''Solariella obscura'' (Couthouy, J.P., 1838) * ''Margarites beringensis'' (E. A. Smith, 1899): synonym of ''Margarites helicinus'' (Phipps, 1774) * ''Margarites biangulosus'' (A. Adams, 1854): synonym of ''Minolia biangulosa'' (A. Adams, 1854) * ''Margarites cinereus'' Filatova, Z.A. & B.I. Zatsepin, 1948: synonym of ''Margarites costalis'' (Gould, 1841) * ''Margarites clausus'' Golikov & Gulbin, 1978 : synonym of ''Cantharidoscops clausus'' (Golikov & Gulbin, 1978) * ''Margarites diaphanus'' Gray, 1847: synonym of ''Margarites helicinus'' (Phipps, 1774) * ''Margarites dnopherus'' Rios, 1994 (non Watson, 1879): synonym of ''Margarites mirabilis'' Simone & Birman, 2006 * ''Margarites dulcis'' E. A. Smith, 1907: synonym of ''Antimargarita dulcis'' (E. A. Smith, 1907) * ''Margarites elevatus'' Dall, 1919: synonym of ''Margarites helicinus'' (Phipps, 1774) * ''Margarites erythrocoma'' Dall, 1889: synonym of ''Pseudostomatella erythrocoma'' (Dall, 1889) * ''Margarites euspira'' (Dall, 1881):<ref>{{WRMS species|419454|''Margarites euspira'' (Dall, 1881)||20 April 2010}}</ref> synonym of ''Bathymophila euspira'' (Dall, 1881) * ''Margarites excavatus'' Dall, 1919: synonym of ''Margarites helicinus'' (Phipps, 1774) * ''Margarites expansa'' Sowerby I, 1838: synonym of ''Margarella expansa'' (Sowerby I, 1838) * ''Margarites frigidus'' Dall, 1919: synonym of ''Cantharidoscops frigidus'' (Dall, 1919) * ''Margarites gemma'' E.A. Smith, 1915: synonym of ''Falsimargarita gemma'' (E.A. Smith, 1915) * ''Margarites glauca'' Möller, H.P.C., 1842: synonym of ''Margarites olivaceus'' (Brown, 1827) * ''Margarites grosvenori'' Dall, 1926: synonym of ''Margarites olivaceus'' (Brown, 1827) * ''Margarites hypolispus'' Dall, 1919: synonym of ''Margarites vahlii'' (Møller, 1842) * ''Margarites impervia'' Strebel, 1908: synonym of ''Lissotesta impervia'' (Strebel, 1908) * ''Margarites johnsoni'' Dall, W.H., 1921: synonym of ''Margarites vahlii'' (Møller, 1842) * ''Margarites kamchaticus'' Dall, 1919: synonym of ''Margarites schantaricus'' (Middendorff, 1849) * ''Margarites kurilensis'' Golikov & Gulbin, 1978: synonym of ''Margarites groenlandicus kurilensis'' Golikov & Gulbin, 1978 * ''Margarites margaritiferus'' Okutani, 1964: synonym of ''Solariella margaritifera'' (Okutani, 1964) * ''Margarites marginatus'' Dall, 1919: synonym of ''Margarites olivaceus marginatus'' Dall, 1919 * ''Margarites mighelsi'' Rehder, H.A., 1937: synonym of ''Margarites vahlii'' (Møller, 1842) * ''Margarites minima'' Seguenza, 1876: synonym of ''Lissotesta minima'' (Seguenza, 1876) * ''Margarites ochotensis'' (Philippi, 1846): synonym of ''Margarites schantaricus'' (Middendorff, 1849) * ''Margarites pauperculus'' Dall, 1919: synonym of ''Solariella varicosa'' (Mighels & Adams, 1842) * ''Margarites pruinosa'' Rochebrune & Mabille, 1885: synonym of ''Margarella pruinosa'' (Rochebrune & Mabille, 1885) * ''Margarites regalis'' Verrill & Smith, 1880: synonym of ''Calliotropis regalis'' (Verrill & Smith, 1880) * ''Margarites rudis'' Dall, 1919: synonym of ''Margarites costalis'' (Gould, 1841) * ''Margarites shannonicus'' Dall, 1919: synonym of ''Margarites striatus'' (Leach, 1841) * ''Margarites striata striata'' Galkin, Y.I., 1955: synonym of ''Margarites costalis'' (Gould, 1841) * ''Margarites umbilicalis'' Broderip & Sowerby, 1829: synonym of ''Margarites groenlandicus umbilicalis'' Broderip & Sowerby, 1829 * ''Margarites undulatus'' (G.B. Sowerby, I, 1838): synonym of ''Margarites groenlandicus'' (Gmelin, 1791) * ''Margarites violacea'' King & Broderip, 1832: synonym of ''Margarella violacea'' (King & Broderip, 1832) * ''Margarites vorticifer'' (Dall, 1873): synonym of ''Margarites vorticiferus'' (Dall, 1873) * ''Margarites wacei'' Melvill & Standen, 1918: synonym of ''Margarella wacei'' (Melvill & Standen, 1918) ; Nomina dubia : * ''Margarites multilineatus'' DeKay, 1843 * ''Margarites ornatus'' (De Kay, 1843) * ''Margarites sigaretinus'' (Sowerby I, 1838)

==References== {{Reflist|30em}} * Vaught, K.C. (1989). ''A classification of the living Mollusca.'' American Malacologists: Melbourne, FL (USA). {{ISBN|0-915826-22-4}}. XII, 195 pp. * Gofas, S.; Le Renard, J.; Bouchet, P. (2001). Mollusca, in: Costello, M.J. et al. (Ed.) (2001). ''European register of marine species: a check-list of the marine species in Europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification.'' Collection Patrimoines Naturels, 50: pp. 180–213 * Spencer, H.; Marshall. B. (2009). ''All Mollusca except Opisthobranchia''. In: Gordon, D. (Ed.) (2009). New Zealand Inventory of Biodiversity. Volume One: Kingdom Animalia. 584 pp

Category:Margarites Category:Margaritidae Category:Gastropod genera Category:Taxa named by John Edward Gray

Margarites

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