{{Short description|Local administrative units in Karnataka}} <!-- Note: The following pages were redirects to Local_government_in_Karnataka before draftification: *Local Bodies in Karnataka --> {{Use dmy dates|date=July 2020}} {{Use Indian English|date=July 2020}}
'''Local government in Karnataka''' is the third tier constituting the three-tier administration set-up in the Indian state of Karnataka. It is a system of local government which forms the last level from the Centre.<ref>{{cite web|title=Local Government|url=http://india.gov.in/knowindia/local_govt.php|publisher=National Portal of India|access-date=20 September 2011}}</ref><ref name="sec ref3">{{cite news|date=12 April 2018|title=State election panels: Independent of central EC, with similar powers|language=en|work=The Indian Express|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/state-election-panels-independent-of-central-ec-with-similar-powers-5132220/|access-date=6 December 2021}}</ref>
== History == In ancient India, including Karnataka, despite a centralized administration under a King, there was some opportunity for local governance. This is evident from the epigraph inscriptions found across many places in Karnataka which acknowledge right to elect representatives to the assembly or Council. System similar to Panchayat Raj existed in India during Vedic period and has a History of over thousands of years. Systems similar to Grama Panchayat existed in the History with different names in different Timeline. They were called ''Grama Sabha, Uru, Vokkalu, Gramakaryalaya, Panchayti Kate'' etc.''.'' They were headed by ''Urasamastaru, Oora mukhyastharu, Zameendars, Jahagirdars'' etc. Guidelines i.e., Constitution was compiled by the heads and were called with different names like ''Samaya, Sthiti, Maryade, Vyavaste, Achara vyavaste''. ''Panchamutts'' (Not Matha)'', Agrahara, Brahmapuri, Brahmeswara Keri'' were the names of the areas where Brahmins resided and was headed by ''Mahajanaru, Oorodeya, Aiyyanavaru''. Assemblies in Towns existed with names like ''Barabaluthi, Ayagara, Pura, Hittu, Nadu, Mahanadu, Nadagounda Pergade, Nadasabhe, Mandala, Nadu panchayati, Nyaya Samiti'' etc. ''Gaunda Prabhu, Nadashyanabogha, Nadagounda, Gouda, Heggade'' were the chief persons of such bodies. ''Nagara Mahajana, Pattana shetty, Pattanaswamy, Pattanavergade, Gowda Pattana swamy'' were the patriarchs of larger Urban areas namely, ''Nagara, Nakara, Halaru, Nagara samooha, Nakarasamooh, Mahanagara, Bananjupattana'' etc. Residential Tax was called ''Manevana'' and other Taxes were called ''Jakati''. ''Shanuboga, Senabhovaru'' were the people who collected the Tax.<ref>{{Cite web|title=GP Link Document - Rural Development and Panchayat Raj Department|url=https://rdpr.karnataka.gov.in/page/Act+%7C+Document/GP+Link+Document/en|access-date=2021-12-16|website=rdpr.karnataka.gov.in}}</ref>
== Overview == Urban local bodies in Karnataka are segregated into multiple categories like City Corporations, City Municipalities, Town Municipalities and Town Panchayats based on their population. They are governed according 1964 Act for Municipalities (for City or Town Municipalities and Pattana / Town Panchayats) and 1976 Act for Municipal Corporation (for Corporations). The Government of Karnataka has set the guidelines for municipalities according to the 74th Amendment for the Constitution of India. Accordingly, at present there are 10 City Corporations, 59 City Municipal Councils, 116 Town Municipal Councils and 97 Town / Pattana Panchayats in Karnataka. Government has created Notified Area Committees (Four NACs in number) to provide municipal services for specified areas like industrial areas. The main sources of income for the municipalities are: * Revenue collection from buildings and lands * Water supply billing * Licensing for the Infrastructure building and Trade * Taxing on the advertisement * Duty on certain transfers of property
== Administrative units == They are categorized based on life style of the inhabitants.<ref name="kec ref3">{{cite news|date=16 September 2021|title=A ruse to put off local body elections|language=en|newspaper=Deccan Herald|url=https://www.deccanherald.com/opinion/second-edit/a-ruse-to-put-off-local-body-elections-1030799.html|access-date=14 December 2021}}</ref>
=== Urban local bodies === According to 2011 census of India, Karnataka has about 39.6% of total population living in urbanized areas.<ref>{{cite news|date=2020-12-03|title=50% of Karnataka to be urbanised by next year | Bengaluru News - Times of India|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/bengaluru/50-of-karnataka-urbanised-by-next-yr/articleshow/79538965.cms|newspaper=The Times of India |access-date=2021-09-09}}</ref> Considering the demography, they are further classified into the following categories.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Urban population clocks 31.5 % growth in Karnataka| date=23 May 2013 |url=https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/news/national/urban-population-clocks-315-growth-in-karnataka/article20617117.ece}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Integrated Government Online Directory|url=https://goidirectory.gov.in/|access-date=2021-12-11|website=goidirectory.gov.in|language=en}}</ref><ref name="kec ref2">{{cite news|last1=Moudgal|first1=eep|date=29 November 2021|title=Karnataka: Amid fears of Covid-19 clusters, SEC announces polls to 60 urban local bodies {{!}} Bengaluru News - Times of India|language=en|newspaper=The Times of India|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/bengaluru/karnataka-amid-fears-of-covid-19-clusters-sec-announces-polls-to-60-urban-local-bodies/articleshow/87982944.cms|access-date=14 December 2021}}</ref>
# City Corporation # City Municipal Council # Town Municipal Council # Town Panchayat
=== Rural local bodies === Rural local bodies include the panchayat raj institutions of this state. There are three levels in this system as follows.<ref name="ksec ref6">{{cite news|date=30 December 2020|title=BJP-backed Candidates Lead Karnataka Gram Panchayat Polls, Secure 4,228 Seats So Far|language=en|website=News18|url=https://www.news18.com/news/india/karnataka-gram-panchayat-election-results-2020-live-updates-karsec-5728-vote-counting-local-bodies-bsy-bidar-3227870.html|access-date=14 December 2021}}</ref><ref name=":4" />
# Village Panchayat # Taluk Panchayat # District Panchayat
=== Panchayat details by districts ===
==== Grama Panchayat details==== Source:<ref name="ksec ref5">{{cite news|date=28 May 2020|title=Karnataka state election commission postpones gram panchayat polls|language=en|newspaper=Hindustan Times|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/bengaluru/karnataka-state-election-commission-postpones-gram-panchayat-polls/story-PXLU10zaoOzjbeviY1YBCL.html|access-date=14 December 2021}}</ref> {| class="wikitable sortable" ! District Name ! No of GPs ! No. of Officers ! No. of Previous Members ! No. of Current Members |- |Bagalkote |198 |2126 |2804 |3179 |- |Bengaluru Urban |93 |2343 |1630 |2439 |- |Bengaluru Rural |101 |2055 |1650 |1901 |- |Belagavi |506 |5393 |8309 |8396 |- |Ballari and Vijayanagara (Except Harapanahalli Taluk) |237 |2441 |3310 |3652 |- |Bidar |185 |2621 |2873 |3127 |- |Vijayapura |212 |2741 |3512 |3914 |- |Chamarajanagara |130 |1972 |2009 |2045 |- |Chikkamagaluru |226 |2147 |2334 |2305 |- |Chitradurga |189 |2630 |3136 |3380 |- |Dakshina Kannada |228 |1717 |3186 |3422 |- |Davanagere and Harapanahalli Taluk of Vijayanagara |196 |2628 |3196 |3238 |- |Dharwad |144 |1447 |1734 |2029 |- |Gadag |122 |1443 |1578 |1726 |- |Kalaburagi |263 |3591 |3817 |3897 |- |Hassan |267 |3852 |3603 |3682 |- |Haveri |223 |2244 |2872 |3139 |- |Kodagu |104 |827 |1230 |1356 |- |Kolar |156 |2890 |2508 |2726 |- |Koppal |153 |2157 |2562 |2597 |- |Mandya |233 |3440 |3658 |3632 |- |Mysuru |266 |3693 |4144 |4683 |- |Raichur |179 |2561 |3222 |3265 |- |Shivamogga |271 |2526 |2753 |2707 |- |Tumakuru |330 |5402 |5206 |5312 |- |Udupi |158 |1300 |2255 |2466 |- |Uttara Kannada |231 |1815 |2577 |2690 |- |Chikkaballapura |157 |2589 |2322 |2437 |- |Ramanagara |127 |2409 |2056 |2031 |- |Yadagiri |123 |1756 |1989 |2245 |- |'''TOTAL''' |'''6021''' |'''76756''' |'''88035''' |'''93618''' |}
==== Taluk Panchayat details==== Source:<ref name=":3">{{cite web|date=|title=Statistics Page|url=https://panchatantra.kar.nic.in/stat/tp_off_mem.aspx |website=Panchatantra.kar.nic.in|access-date=2021-09-09}}</ref> {| class="wikitable sortable" !District Name !No of Taluks !No. of Officers !No. of Previous Members !No. of Elected Members !No. of Elected Members Entered |- |Bagalkote |6 |100 |118 |130 |129 |- |Bengaluru Urban |4 |80 |72 |97 |94 |- |Bengaluru Rural |4 |77 |68 |77 |77 |- |Belagavi |10 |191 |338 |345 |344 |- |Ballari and Vijayanagara (Except Harapanahalli Taluk) |7 |147 |133 |176 |149 |- |Bidar |5 |92 |118 |131 |127 |- |Vijayapura |5 |108 |144 |159 |159 |- |Chamarajanagara |4 |53 |85 |89 |89 |- |Chikkamagaluru |7 |94 |109 |107 |107 |- |Chitradurga |6 |88 |128 |136 |136 |- |Dakshina Kannada |5 |93 |123 |136 |136 |- |Davanagere and Harapanahalli Taluk of Vijayanagara |6 |72 |129 |107 |125 |- |Dharwad |5 |92 |76 |82 |82 |- |Gadag |5 |71 |71 |75 |75 |- |Kalaburagi |7 |137 |155 |179 |177 |- |Hassan |8 |100 |144 |153 |151 |- |Haveri |7 |111 |115 |128 |126 |- |Kodagu |3 |49 |49 |50 |50 |- |Kolar |5 |75 |102 |111 |110 |- |Koppal |4 |65 |102 |109 |105 |- |Mandya |7 |186 |156 |155 |153 |- |Mysuru |7 |108 |171 |187 |182 |- |Raichur |5 |81 |113 |142 |117 |- |Shivamogga |7 |96 |72 |116 |116 |- |Tumakuru |10 |181 |203 |215 |215 |- |Udupi |3 |54 |95 |98 |98 |- |Uttara Kannada |11 |159 |129 |130 |129 |- |Chikkaballapura |6 |93 |99 |108 |107 |- |Ramanagara |4 |67 |79 |81 |81 |- |Yadagiri |3 |51 |82 |94 |83 |- |'''TOTAL''' |'''176''' |'''2971''' |'''3578''' |'''3903''' |'''3829''' |}
==== Zilla Panchayat details ==== Source:<ref name=":4">{{cite web|date=|title=Statistics Page|url=https://panchatantra.kar.nic.in/stat/zp_off_mem.aspx |website=Panchatantra.kar.nic.in|access-date=2021-09-09}}</ref> {| class="wikitable sortable" !District Name !No. of Officers !No. of Previous Members !No. of Elected Members !No. of Elected Members Entered |- |Bagalkote |75 |32 |36 |35 |- |Bengaluru Urban |62 |34 |50 |50 |- |Bengaluru Rural |74 |18 |21 |21 |- |Belagavi |86 |86 |90 |90 |- |Ballari and Vijayanagara (Except Harapanahalli Taluk) |50 |36 |40 |40 |- |Bidar |98 |31 |34 |34 |- |Vijayapura |42 |38 |42 |42 |- |Chamarajanagara |59 |21 |23 |23 |- |Chikkamagaluru |92 |34 |33 |33 |- |Chitradurga |56 |33 |37 |37 |- |Dakshina Kannada |36 |34 |36 |36 |- |Davanagere and Harapanahalli Taluk of Vijayanagara |102 |35 |36 |36 |- |Dharwad |54 |22 |22 |22 |- |Gadag |35 |18 |19 |19 |- |Kalaburagi |65 |35 |47 |47 |- |Hassan |62 |40 |40 |40 |- |Haveri |62 |30 |34 |34 |- |Kodagu |62 |29 |29 |29 |- |Kolar |52 |28 |30 |30 |- |Koppal |45 |20 |29 |29 |- |Mandya |80 |40 |41 |41 |- |Mysuru |71 |46 |49 |49 |- |Raichur |29 |35 |38 |38 |- |Shivamogga |64 |31 |31 |31 |- |Tumakuru |57 |57 |57 |57 |- |Udupi |39 |25 |26 |26 |- |Uttara Kannada |40 |36 |39 |39 |- |Chikkaballapura |51 |26 |28 |28 |- |Ramanagara |61 |21 |22 |22 |- |Yadagiri |71 |22 |24 |24 |- |'''TOTAL''' |'''1832''' |'''993''' |'''1083''' |'''1082''' |}
== Elections == Elections are conducted by Karnataka State Election Commission and held once in five years. Karnataka State Election Commissioner is appointed by Governor of Karnataka.<ref name=":02">{{Cite web|title=Karnataka State Election Commission|url=https://karsec.gov.in/|access-date=2021-12-16|website=karsec.gov.in}}</ref> Head of the Panchayats includes:<ref name="sec ref1">{{cite news|title=What Is Election Commission of India (ECI)?|newspaper=Business Standard India|url=https://www.business-standard.com/about/what-is-election-commission-of-india#collapse|access-date=6 December 2021}}</ref><ref name="sec ref7">{{cite news|date=23 November 2021|title=Election Commission directs all state electoral officers to immediately redress all pending voter applications|newspaper=The Statesman|url=https://www.thestatesman.com/india/election-commission-directs-state-electoral-officers-immediately-redress-pending-voter-applications-1503026387.html|access-date=6 December 2021}}</ref><ref name="kec ref1">{{cite news|date=5 September 2021|title=Karnataka to set up commission to redraw ZP, TP constituencies|language=en-IN|newspaper=The Hindu|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/karnataka/karnataka-to-set-up-commission-to-redraw-zp-tp-constituencies/article36300304.ece|access-date=14 December 2021}}</ref><ref name="sec ref5">{{cite news|date=13 March 2021|title=State election commissioners should be independent, says SC|newspaper=The Telegraph|url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/india/state-election-commissioners-should-be-independent-says-sc/cid/1809411}}</ref>
* Urban bodies
# Corporators are the members of a city corporation led by a mayor. # Councillors are the members of a city/town municipal council led by a chairman. # Councillors are the members of a town panchayat led by a president.
* Rural bodies
# Councillors are the members of a Village/Taluk/District Panchayat led by a president<ref name="ksec ref4">{{cite news|last1=Rao|first1=Madhu|date=29 May 2020|title=Karnataka State Election Commission postpones gram panchayat polls|language=en|website=indiatvnews.com|url=https://www.indiatvnews.com/news/india/karnataka-state-election-commission-gram-panchayat-polls-postpones-621442|access-date=14 December 2021}}</ref><ref name="sec ref6">{{cite news|title=State Election Commissioner Conditions of Service Rules, 1994|website=bareactslive.com|url=http://www.bareactslive.com/HRY/HL534.HTM|access-date=6 December 2021}}</ref>
== See also == * 2021 Karnataka local elections
== References == {{Reflist}}
Category:Local government in Karnataka