Kohima district

{{About|the district|its eponymous headquarter|Kohima}} {{Use dmy dates|date=July 2021}} {{Use Indian English|date=July 2021}} {{Infobox settlement  | name = Kohima district | settlement_type = District of Nagaland | image_skyline = {{photomontage | photo1a = Kohima 24 July 2021.jpeg | photo2a = Way o Kohima,Nagaland India.jpg | photo2b = Aerial view of Viswema.jpeg | photo3a = Dzuko Valley.jpg | spacing = 1 | color_border = white | color = white | size = 280 | foot_montage = <div style="background:#FADA5E;"> '''From Top (left to right)''':<br />Kohima City (the headquarters of Kohima District);<br />Road to Kohima; Viswema;<br />Dzüko Valley</div> }} | image_flag = | flag_alt = | image_seal = | seal_alt = | image_shield = | shield_alt = | nickname = First District | motto = | mottoeng = | image_map = Kohima in Nagaland (India).svg | map_alt = | map_caption = Kohima District in Nagaland | pushpin_map = | pushpin_label_position = | pushpin_map_alt = | pushpin_map_caption = | coordinates = | coor_pinpoint = | coordinates_footnotes = | subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = {{flag|India}} | subdivision_type1 = State | subdivision_name1 = {{flagicon image|}} Nagaland | subdivision_type2 = | subdivision_name2 = | subdivision_type3 = | subdivision_name3 = | established_title = | established_date = | founder = | seat_type = Headquarters | seat = Kohima | government_footnotes = | unit_pref = Metric | area_footnotes = | area_total_km2 = 1207 | area_land_km2 = | area_water_km2 = | area_water_percent = | area_note = | elevation_footnotes = | elevation_m = 1444 | population_footnotes = | population_total = 267,988 | population_as_of = 2011<ref name="Kohima district 2011"/> | population_density_km2 = auto | population_demonym = | population_note = | demographics_type1 = Demographics | demographics1_title1 = Literacy<ref name="Kohima district 2011"/> | demographics1_info1 = 85.23% | demographics1_title2 = Sex ratio<ref name="Kohima district 2011"/> | demographics1_info2 = 928 ♀/ 1000 ♂  | demographics1_footnotes = | demographics_type2 = Languages | demographics2_title1 = Official | demographics2_info1 = English | demographics2_footnotes = | demographics2_title2 = Indigenous dialect<ref name="Nagaland Languages Census 2011">{{cite web|url=https://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/C-16/DDW-C16-STMT-MDDS-1300.XLSX|title=Nagaland Languages Census 2011|work=Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India|accessdate=22 July 2021}}</ref> | demographics2_info2 = Angami | leader_title = Assembly constituencies | leader_name = 6 constituencies | leader_title1 = Deputy Commissioner<ref name="Kohima DC">{{cite web|url=https://kohima.nic.in/about-district/whos-who/|title=Who's who|website=www.kohima.nic.in|access-date=19 September 2022}}</ref> | leader_name1 = Henok Büchem (NCS) | timezone1 = IST | utc_offset1 = +05:30 | postal_code_type = | postal_code = | registration_plate = NL-01 | area_code_type = | area_code = | blank_name_sec1 = Major highways | blank_info_sec1 = {{flagicon image|Tabliczka AH1.svg}} AH1<br>{{flagicon image|Tabliczka AH2.svg}} AH2<br>{{flagicon image|NH2-IN.svg}} NH 2<br>{{flagicon image|NH29-IN.svg}} NH 29 | iso_code = IN-NL-KO | website = {{URL|kohima.nic.in}} | footnotes = }} '''Kohima district''' ({{IPAc-en|audio=Kohima.ogg|k|oʊ|ˈ|h|iː|m|ə}}) is a district of the Indian state of Nagaland. It is the home of the Angami Nagas. As of 2011, it is the most populous district of Nagaland (out of then-12, now 17), with a population of 267,988, 45% of which resides in urban area. The district is home to 13.55% of Nagaland's entire population.<ref name="Kohima district 2011"/> The administrative headquarters of the district is located at Kohima, the capital city of Nagaland. Kohima District is also the seventh-largest district in Nagaland, with an area of {{convert|1207|sqkm}}.<ref name="Kohima district 2011"/>

== History == Prior to India's independence, the area was part of Naga Hills District, with Kohima as the district headquarters.<ref>{{cite web|title=Brief industrial profile of Kohima district, Nagaland state|url=http://dcmsme.gov.in/dips/dipr-kohima-final.pdf|publisher=Government of India Ministry of MSME|date=18 February 2015|access-date=3 November 2017|archive-date=16 April 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150416150748/http://dcmsme.gov.in/dips/DIPR-KOHIMA-Final.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref>

Kohima District was created as one of the three districts of the newly inaugurated Nagaland state on 1 December 1961.<ref name="Kohima district 2011"/> In 1973, the new districts of Phek and Wokha were created out of Kohima District, as in 1997 Dimapur District was similarly carved out.<ref>{{cite web|title=Know Your Districts: Phek|url=http://morungexpress.com/know-districts-phek/|website=The Morung Express|date=8 June 2016|access-date=3 November 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190606205430/http://morungexpress.com/know-districts-phek/|archive-date=6 June 2019|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=About Wokha|url=http://wokha.nic.in/about%20wokha.htm|publisher=Wokha Dist Administration|date=2010}}</ref> Peren District was carved out in 2003.<ref>{{cite web|title=Nagaland: Know Your Districts - An overview -III|url=http://morungexpress.com/nagaland-know-districts-overview-iii/|website=The Morung Express|date=17 October 2017|access-date=3 November 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190520153243/http://morungexpress.com/nagaland-know-districts-overview-iii/|archive-date=20 May 2019|url-status=dead}}</ref> The 2021 creation of Tseminyü District left Kohima District in its current form.<ref>{{cite news|title=Nagaland creates 3 more districts|url=https://assamtribune.com/north-east/nagaland-creates-3-more-districts-1344462|newspaper=The Assam Tribune|date=18 December 2021|access-date=18 December 2021}}</ref>

== Geography == Kohima District has a hilly landscape - Kohima Urban Area, typical of the area, is stretched along the top of a mountain.<ref name="Kohima district 2011"/> The district is bounded by Tseminyü District to the north, Zünheboto District to the northeast, Phek District to the east, Senapati District of Manipur to the south, Peren to southwest and Chümoukedima District to the west. It is headquartered at Kohima, which is at an altitude of {{convert|1444|m}} above sea level. Mount Japfü at elevation of {{convert|3014|m}}, the highest peak in the district is located in the Southern Angami Region of the district.<ref name="Kohima Census (A)">{{cite web|url=https://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/13/1310_PART_A_DCHB_KOHIMA.pdf|title=Kohima district 2011 Part A|work=Govt of India Census Handbook|accessdate=22 July 2021}}</ref>

=== Flora and fauna === In 1980, Kohima District became home to the Pulie Badze Wildlife Sanctuary, which has an area of {{convert|9.2|km2|mi2|abbr=on|1}}.<ref name=parks>{{cite web|author=Indian Ministry of Forests and Environment |title=Protected areas: Nagaland |url=http://oldwww.wii.gov.in/envis/envis_pa_network/index.htm |access-date=25 September 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110823163836/http://oldwww.wii.gov.in/envis/envis_pa_network/index.htm |archive-date=23 August 2011 }}</ref> It is a natural habitat for Blyth's Tragopan.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://nagaforest.nic.in/wildlife.htm |title=Wildlife |access-date=22 October 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181014103300/http://www.nagaforest.nic.in/wildlife.htm |archive-date=14 October 2018 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

=== Climate === {{Weather box |collapsed = |location = Kohima |metric first = Y |single line = Y |Jan high C = 16.6 |Feb high C = 17.9 |Mar high C = 22.1 |Apr high C = 24.1 |May high C = 24.4 |Jun high C = 24.9 |Jul high C = 25.0 |Aug high C = 25.4 |Sep high C = 25.0 |Oct high C = 23.4 |Nov high C = 20.6 |Dec high C = 17.7 |year high C = 22.2 |Jan low C = 8.1 |Feb low C = 9.3 |Mar low C = 12.7 |Apr low C = 15.6 |May low C = 16.9 |Jun low C = 18.1 |Jul low C = 18.8 |Aug low C = 18.9 |Sep low C = 18.1 |Oct low C = 16.6 |Nov low C = 13.1 |Dec low C = 9.4 |year low C = 14.6 |rain colour = green |Jan rain mm = 11.7 |Feb rain mm = 35.4 |Mar rain mm = 47.6 |Apr rain mm = 88.7 |May rain mm = 159.2 |Jun rain mm = 333.8 |Jul rain mm = 371.8 |Aug rain mm = 364.0 |Sep rain mm = 250.1 |Oct rain mm = 126.0 |Nov rain mm = 35.2 |Dec rain mm = 7.8 |Jan rain days = 2 |Feb rain days = 3.9 |Mar rain days = 5.8 |Apr rain days = 12.2 |May rain days = 16.9 |Jun rain days = 23.1 |Jul rain days = 24.6 |Aug rain days = 22.9 |Sep rain days = 19.1 |Oct rain days = 10.7 |Nov rain days = 3.6 |Dec rain days = 1.4 |source = WMO <ref name= WMO >{{cite web | url = http://www.worldweather.org/066/c01601.htm | title = Kohima | access-date = 2011-12-01 | publisher = World Meteorological Organisation}}</ref> |date = November 2011}}

== Administration == Kohima District is administered by a Deputy Commissioner, assisted by a number of Additional Deputy Commissioners (ADCs) and Sub-Division officers (SDOs) with responsibilities for each of the administrative circles.<ref>{{cite web|title=Hierarchy of administrative officers at deputy commissioner's office, Kohima|url=http://www.kohima.nic.in/DC%20KOHIMA.htm|publisher=National Informatics Centre, Kohima District Centre|date=July 2017|accessdate=3 November 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180809163252/http://kohima.nic.in/DC%20KOHIMA.htm|archive-date=9 August 2018|url-status=dead}}</ref> There exists also a District Urban Development Agency for Kohima.<ref name="cdp-2006">{{cite web|title=Kohima CDP Revised|url=http://jnnurmmis.nic.in/toolkit/Kohima_CDP_Revised.pdf|publisher=Government of Nagaland|page=67|date=July 2006|access-date=3 November 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120107005341/https://jnnurmmis.nic.in/toolkit/Kohima_CDP_Revised.pdf|archive-date=7 January 2012|url-status=dead}}</ref> The current Deputy Commissioner of Kohima District is Shanavas C.<ref name="Kohima DC"/>

Kohima District is subdivided into the five administrative circles of Chiephobozou, Botsa, Kezocha, Jakhama, Kohima Sadar and Sechü–Zubza. These administrative circles are grouped into three Rural Development Blocks, which are Kohima (for Kohima Sadar and Sechü–Zubza), Chiephobozou (for Chiephobozou, Botsa and some of Kezocha) and Jakhama (for Jakhama and the rest of Kezocha).<ref name="Kohima district 2011">{{cite web|title=District Census Handbook|url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/1310_PART_B_DCHB_KOHIMA.pdf|publisher=Census of India 2011|date=22 July 2021}}</ref>

== Demographics ==

{{Historical populations |align=right |source = <ref name="Nagaland Population Decadal Variation">{{cite web|url=https://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/PCA/A-2_Data_Tables/13%20A-2%20Nagaland.pdf|title=Decadal Variation In Population Since 1901|work=Govt of India|accessdate=19 July 2021}}</ref> | cols = 1 | 1901 | 21,968 | 1911 | 32,750 | 1921 | 33,797 | 1931 | 37,785 | 1941 | 37,601 | 1951 | 37,339 | 1961 | 41,501 | 1971 | 63,077 | 1981 | 97,169 | 1991 | 154,145 | 2001 | 220,168 | 2011 | 267,988 }}

According to the 2011 census of India, Kohima District has a population of 267,988, of which 121,088 or 45% lived in urban areas. This gives it a ranking of 576th in India (out of a total of 640). Kohima district has a sex ratio of 928 females for every 1000 males, and a literacy rate of 85%.<ref name="Kohima district 2011"/>

=== Religion === {{Pie chart |thumb = right |caption = Religion in Kohima District (2011)<ref name="Kohima district religion">{{cite web|url=https://www.censusindia2011.com/nagaland/kohima-population.html|title=Kohima District religion|work=Census India 2011|accessdate=22 July 2021}}</ref>{{efn|Tseminyü District was carved from Kohima District and hence its religious data is subtracted.<ref>{{cite news|title=Nagaland to have 3 more districts|url=http://www.nagalandpost.com/nagaland-to-have-3-more-districts/246940.html|newspaper=Nagaland Post|date=December 18, 2021|access-date=September 24, 2022|archive-date=19 December 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211219032136/http://www.nagalandpost.com/nagaland-to-have-3-more-districts/246940.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>}} |label1 = Christianity |value1 = 85.1 |color1 = Blue |label2 = Hinduism |value2 = 11.8 |color2 = Orange |label3 = Islam |value3 = 1.8 |color3 = Green |label4 = Others |value4 = 1.3 |color4 = Grey }}

Christianity is the largest religion in the district, followed by 85% of the people. Hinduism is the second-largest religion, followed by 11% of the population. Islam and other religions are followed by 1.8% and 0.57% of the population respectively.<ref name="Kohima district religion"/>

=== Languages === The following languages are spoken in Kohima District:<ref name="Nagaland Languages Census 2011"/> *''Angami–Pochuri languages'' **Angami language

==Government and politics== [[File:The voter standing in a queue for casting their votes at a polling booth showing voter slip in Kohima during Nagaland Assembly Election-2008, on March 05, 2008.jpg|thumb|center|Voters standing in a queue during the 2008 Nagaland Assembly Elections]]

The district has seven assembly constituences, namely, Kohima Town, Northern Angami I, Northern Angami II, Southern Angami I, Southern Angami II and Western Angami.

== Economy == === Agriculture === Agriculture forms the major economic activity in the district. Most of the agriculturists in the district practice Shifting cultivation or ''Jhum'' cultivation. The main crop in the district is Paddy. Maize is another cereal produced in the district. Other major crops grown in the district are Potatoes, Ginger, Soybean and Ricebean.<ref name="Kohima Census (A)"/>

=== Animal husbandry === Animal husbandry acts as a supplementary income for the people in Kohima district. The sector also provides employment to small and marginal farmers. As per the Livestock Census in 2007, the most prevalent type of livestock in the district are Fowls, Cattles and Pigs.<ref name="Kohima Census (A)"/>

=== Industry === There are no large industries in the district. However, there are numerous Small and medium-sized enterprises. The number of MSMEs registered in the district till 2009-10 numbered to 52 which employed around 571 persons. The Angami Nagas in the district are skilled artisans and craftsmen.<ref name="Kohima Census (A)"/>

== Education == As per the 2011 Census of India, Kohima District as a literacy rate of 85.23%.<ref name="Kohima district 2011"/> Literacy among the Scheduled Tribes stands at 83.86% with male literacy at 79.6% and female literacy at 88.45%.<ref name="Kohima district 2011"/> There are numerous colleges in the district.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://kohima.nic.in/public-utility-category/colleges/|title=Colleges/Universities in Kohima district|work=Kohima district website|accessdate=22 July 2021}}</ref>

=== Colleges === {{div col|colwidth=30em}} * Alder College, Kohima * Baptist College, Kohima * Capital College of Higher Education, Kohima * College of Arts and Technology, Nerhe–Phezha * Faith Theological Seminary, Kohima * Japfü Christian College, Kigwema * Kohima Bible College, Kohima * Kohima College, Kohima * Kohima Law College, Kohima * Kohima Science College, Jotsoma * Kros College, Kohima * Model Christian College, Kohima * Modern College * Modern Institute of Teacher Education, Kohima * Mount Olive College, Kohima * Mountain View Christian College, Kohima * National Institute of Electronics & Information Technology (NIELIT), Kohima * Oriental College, Kohima * Sazolie College, Jotsoma * Shalom Bible Seminary, Sechü Zubza * St. Joseph's College, Jakhama * State College of Teacher Education, Kohima {{div col end}}

=== Universities === {{div col|colwidth=30em}} * Indira Gandhi National Open University (IGNOU) Regional Centre, Kohima * Nagaland University, Meriema Campus * The Global Open University, Kohima {{div col end}}

== Sports == === Wrestling === Kene or Naga Wrestling is the most popular traditional sport in the region. The Naga Wrestling Championship held biennially at the Khuochiezie Local Ground in Kohima.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://morungexpress.com/naga-wrestling-highest-grossing-sport-nagaland|title=Naga Wrestling: The highest grossing sport in Nagaland|date=February 13, 2020|website=The Morung Express|access-date=December 29, 2021}}</ref>

Kohima District has various tourist places to visit. Below are few of the tourist attractions in the district:<ref name="Kohima Census (A)"/><ref>{{cite web|url=https://kohima.nic.in/tourist-places/|title=Tourist places in Kohima district|work=Kohima district website|accessdate=22 July 2021}}</ref>

=== Dzüko Valley === {{Main|Dzüko Valley}} The Dzüko Valley is situated 25 kilometres south of Kohima at an altitude of {{convert|2462|m}}. Between November and March, the valley is dotted with red and white rhododendrons and wildflowers.<ref name="Kohima Census (A)"/>

=== Khonoma Village === {{Main|Khonoma}} Khonoma is an ancient Angami village known for its greenery and terraced fields. The village lies 20 kilometres west of Kohima.<ref name="Kohima Places of Interest">{{cite web|url=https://kohima.nic.in/places-of-interest/|title=Places of Interest in Kohima district|work=Kohima district website|accessdate=22 July 2021}}</ref><ref name="Kohima Census (A)"/>

=== Kisama Heritage Village === {{Main|Kisama Heritage Village}} Kisama Heritage Village is a heritage village located 13 kilometres south of Kohima city. The Heritage Village is the venue of the annual Hornbill Festival.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://kohima.nic.in/tourist-place/kisama-heritage-village/|title=Kisama Heritage Village|work=Kohima district website|accessdate=22 July 2021}}</ref>

=== Kohima War Cemetery === {{Main|Kohima War Cemetery}} Kohima War Cemetery is a World War 2 cemetery. It is maintained by the Commonwealth War Graves Commission.<ref name="Kohima Places of Interest"/><ref name="Kohima Census (A)"/>

=== Mount Japfü === {{Main|Mount Japfü}} Mount Japfü is the highest peak in the district. The world's tallest Rhododendron trees are found in the Japfü ranges. The range is also known for its trails and treks. Located 15 kilometres from Kohima, the Japfü peak offers views of Kohima city and the Himalayas.<ref name="Kohima Census (A)"/>

=== Nagaland State Museum === {{Main|Nagaland State Museum}} Nagaland State Museum or Kohima State Museum was established in 1970 as a multi-purpose stadium. The museum today presents ancient traditional Naga weaponry, traditional Naga clothes, etc.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.incredibleindia.org/content/incredible-india-v2/en/destinations/kohima/the-state-museum.html|title=Kohima Museum|work=IncredibleIndia.org|accessdate=22 July 2021}}</ref>

=== Tuophema Tourist Village === Tuophema is a heritage village located 36 kilometres north of Kohima.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://kohima.nic.in/tourist-place/touphema-tourist-village/|title=Tuophema Tourist Village|work=Kohima district website|accessdate=22 July 2021}}</ref>

== Transportation == === Air === The nearest airport is Dimapur Airport, located 65 kilometres from the district headquarters Kohima. There are several helipads in Kohima District. Kohima Chiethu Airport is a planned airport to be built in Kohima. The Ministry of Defence gave the No-Objection Certificate (NOC) to construct the civil airport.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.northeasttoday.in/2021/07/15/nagaland-defence-ministry-issues-no-objection-certificate-for-chiethu-airport/|title=Nagaland: Defence Ministry Issues 'No Objection' Certificate For Chiethu Airport|work=Northeast Today|date=15 July 2021 |accessdate=15 July 2021}}</ref>

=== Rail === The nearest railway stations are the Chümoukedima Shokhüvi Railway Station and Dimapur Railway Station. The Dhansiri–Zubza line is an under-construction railway line which will connect Kohima with Dimapur via railways. The Kohima Zubza railway station in Zubza, 17 kilometres from Kohima City is currently under-construction. The Government of India has set 2023 as the deadline to connect all Northeastern state capitals with railways.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://nenow.in/north-east-news/railways-sets-target-to-complete-projects-in-northeast-by-2023.html|title=Railways sets target to complete projects in Northeast by 2023|work=NENow|date=15 February 2020 |accessdate=15 February 2020}}</ref>

=== Road === The district is well-connected with roads and highways. The NH 2 and NH 29 pass through the district alongside other intra-district roads. Nagaland State Transport buses are available from Dimapur for Kohima. Private taxis can be availed as well.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://kohima.nic.in/how-to-reach/|title=Kohima Transport|work=Kohima district website|accessdate=22 July 2021}}</ref>

== Notable people == {{see also|List of people from Kohima|List of people of Angami descent}}

==Notes== {{notelist}}

== References == {{reflist}}

== External links == *{{Commons category-inline|Kohima district}} *{{Wikivoyage inline|Nagaland/Kohima District}}

===Official sites=== * [http://kohima.nic.in/ Official site] * [https://tourism.nagaland.gov.in/ Nagaland Tourism] * [https://kohima.nic.in/places-of-interest/ Tourist Places in Kohima district]

{{Geographic location |Centre = Kohima District |North = Tseminyü district |Northeast = Zunheboto district |East = Phek district |Southeast = |South = Senapati district, Manipur |Southwest = Peren district |West = Chümoukedima district |Northwest = Golaghat district, Assam }} {{Districts of Nagaland}} {{Authority control}}

Category:Kohima district Category:Districts of Nagaland Category:1963 establishments in Assam