Qavurt

{{Short description|Seljuk Şehzade and Shah of Kerman (died 1073)}} {{Infobox royalty | name = Qavurt | title = {{ubl|Shah|Bey|Melik|Şehzade}} | image = File:Coin of Ahmad Qavurt, minted in Jiroft.jpg | image_size = 300px | caption = Gold dinar under Qavurt, citing Chaghri Beg as his overlord. Minted in Jiroft, dated 1056/7 | succession = Shah of Kerman | reign = 1041 – 1073 | predecessor = {{ubl|''Position Established''|Abu Kalijar (as Buyid Emir of Kerman)}} | successor = Kerman Shah | issue = {{unbulleted list|Turan Shah I|Kerman Shah|Sultan-Shah|Amirān-Shah|Husayn-Shah|Mardan-Shah|Mustazhiriyya}} |issue-type = Children | dynasty = Seljuk Dynasty | father = Dawud Chaghri Beg | mother = | birth_date = 11th Century{{efn|Exact dates are unknown.}} | birth_place = | death_date = 1073 | death_place = Hamadan, Great Seljuk Empire | death_cause = Execution |full name= {{ubl|Kara Arslan Ahmad Qavurt bin Dawud Chaghri|Imad-al-Din Qavurt Bey}} | religion = Sunni Islam | module = {{Infobox military person | embed = yes | service_years = {{c.}} 1040s – 1073 | battles = {{ubl|Conquest of Kerman|Conflict with Fadluya|Qavurt's First Rebellion|Qavurt's Second Rebellion|Conquest of Oman|Battle of Damghan (1063)|Battle of Rey (1059)|Qavurt's Third Rebellion}} | awards = }} }}

'''Kara Arslan Ahmad Qavurt''' (died 1073), better simply known as '''Qavurt''' (also spelled '''Kavurt''') was a Seljuq Prince and the first shah of the Kerman Seljuk Sultanate. Upon his brother's death, he led an unsuccessful rebellion against his nephew in an attempt to gain the Seljuk throne.

== Background ==

The Seljuq dynasty was a Turkic Sunni Muslim dynasty that established both the Seljuq Empire and Sultanate of Rum, which at their total height stretched from Anatolia through Persia. Qavurt was the son of Çağrı Bey, who was the grandson of Seljuk, the founder of the dynasty.<ref>[http://sitemaker.umich.edu/mladjov/files/seljuk_succession.pdf Family tree of Seljuks]{{Dead link|date=May 2019 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Qavurt's brother Alp Arslan succeeded his uncle Tuğrul as the new sultan and Qavurt then the governor of Kirman (south Persia) waited for his turn.

==Establishment of the Sultanate== After the death of 'Adud al-Dawla on 26 March 983, the Buyid dynasty rapidly weakened due to succession conflicts and external threats. The Buyid dynasty, which had weakned by the reign of Abu Kalijar, was losing territories and was unable to maintain its suzerainty in occupied regions. Following the conquest of Khorasan and the establishment of the Great Seljuk state, Toghrul Bey, the Sultan of the Great Seljuk state, assigned the division of conquered territories among his brothers and nephews and delegated to them the task of conquering new regions. His primary goals were, first, to consolidate his authority over the territories he had already brought under his control, and second, to rapidly expand Seljuk power by subjugating additional regions. Thus, the empire was divided into provinces, and each trusted relative was not only assigned a province to govern but also tasked with the conquest of neighboring lands. Chaghri Beg, as the eldest brother, made Merv and Khorasan his base;{{sfn|Bāstānī Rād|1390|p=}} and Musa Yabugu was appointed over Bust, Herat, and Sistan.

[[File:Seljuk Sultan Tugrul Bey sitting on his throne. Topkapı Sarayı Müzesi 1653-3 (304 B).jpg|thumb|Seljuk Sultan Tugrul Bey enthroned. Topkapı Sarayı Müzesi 1653-3 (304 B)]]

===Conquest of Kerman=== ====As per Islam Ansiklopedisi==== Qavurt, the son of Chaghri Beg, chose Nahavand and Kerman. Qavurt, on the orders of Sultan Tuğrul Bey, moved to this region with the Oghuz Turks under his command.<ref name="Gawurd">{{cite web|title=KAVURD BEY|url=https://islamansiklopedisi.org.tr/kavurd-bey|access-date=2025-05-18 |website=TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi |language=tr}}</ref> Though, he defeated the Buyid ruler’s army in Kerman and Makran in around 1041 CE{{sfn|Bāstānī Rād|1390|p=}}{{sfn|Peacock|2011|p=67}} and brought Kerman under his control, some of his attacks were repelled by Kalijar around 1042.<ref name="Gawurd"/> A few years later, Qavurt, personally leading an army of 5,000-6,000 men, moved towards Northern Kerman. Realizing he could not resist the Seljuk forces, the Buyid governor, Bahram b. Lashkaristan, retreated to Bardasir.<ref name="Gawurd"/> He gradually surrendered the city to Qavurt, seeking protection in 1048. There, he laid the foundations of his own new sultanate in around 1048 CE and became its de facto ruler as a subject of Tughril I. When Abu Kalijar set out to drive the Seljuks out of the region, he died at the Hannab Fortress on the way, and the Buyid forces retreated.<ref name="Gawurd"/>

The southern part of Kerman, called Germsir, was under the control of a bandit tribe called the Kufs. Qavurt Bey suppressed the Kufs in the mountains east of Kerman, destroying most of them, subsequently capturing Southern Kerman. Following this success, Badr Isa, the emir of Hormuz, submitted to the Seljuk Sultanate of Kerman.<ref name="QavurtKerman"/>

==Early Campaigns== === Battle of Rey (1059) === As a result of a rebellion by Ibrahim Yinal, the Seljuk Sultan Tughril I, who was in a difficult situation, asked for help from his brother Chaghri. Chaghri responded to this request for help by sending an army under the command of his sons Alp Arslan, Qavurt, and Yakuti.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Turan |first=Osman |title=Selçuklular târihi ve Türk-İslâm medeniyeti |date=2019 |publisher=Ötüken |isbn=978-975-437-470-4 |edition=22. basim |series=Yayın Kültür serisi |location=İstanbul |pages=136, 137, 138}}</ref> The army under the command of Ibrahim Yinal and his nephews Mehmed and Ahmed, and the army under the command of Alp Arslan, Qavurt, and Yakuti encountered each other near Rey.<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Sevim |first1=Ali |title=Selçuklu devletleri tarihi: siyaset, teşkilât ve kültür |last2=Merçil |first2=Erdoğan |date=1995 |publisher=Türk Tarih Kurumu Basımevi |others=Atatürk Kültür, Dil ve Tarih Yüksek Kurumu |isbn=978-975-16-0690-7 |series=Türk Tarih Kurumu yayınları XXIV. dizi |location=Ankara |pages=43–44}}</ref> Ibrahim Yinal and his nephews, who lost the battle, were taken prisoner.<ref>{{Cite web |title=ALP ARSLĀN |url=https://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/alp-arslan-saljuq-sultan/#:~:text=referring%20his%20three%20sons%20to%20answer%20%E1%B9%ACo%E1%B8%A1rel%E2%80%99s%20call%20for%20aid%20against%20his%20rebellious%20brother%2C%20Ebr%C4%81h%C4%ABm%20Yin%C4%81l%2C%20whom%20they%20met%20and%20defeated%20near%20Ray%20(Ebn%20al%2DA%E1%B9%AF%C4%ABr%2C%20IX%2C%20p.%20645%2C%20where%20the%20dating%20is%20confused)%20in%20Jom%C4%81d%C4%81%20II%2C%20451/July%2DAugust%2C%201059 |access-date=2025-05-03 |website=Encyclopaedia Iranica |language=en-US}}</ref>

===Battle of Damaghan (1063)=== With the death of Tughril I on 4 September 1063, chaos enrolled within the Great Seljuk State. Suleiman, Qutalmish and Alp Arslan subsequently engaged in a war of succession. Qavurt allegedly participated with Qutalmish in the Battle of Damghan (1063) in an attempt to seize the throne during Alp Arslan's struggle against Suleiman, the son of Chaghri Bey. The latter was defeated and executed while the former made an agreement with the Sultan, securing his rule in Kerman as his ''de jure'' vassal.<ref>{{cite journal |last= Rizvī|first=S. Rizwan Ali|date=1980|title=Political and Administrative measures of Niẓām al-Mulk Ṭūsī |url= https://www.jstor.org/stable/i20847129|journal= Islamic Studies|publisher=Islamic Research Institute, International Islamic University, Islamabad|pages=111–119 (9 pages)|volume=19| issue = 2, (Summer 1980)|location= |url-status= |archive-url= |archive-date= |access-date=}}</ref>[[File:Sultanalparslan.jpg|thumb|Sultan Alp Arslan at Rey after the battle.]]

===Conflict with Fadluya=== Qavurt, then the governor of Kerman, had invaded Fars in 1053<ref name="Iranica"/>/1062<ref name="QavurtKerman"/> and brought it under his control. Hence, he fell into an argument with Fadluya, the governor of Shiraz who then controlled Fars. Seeking support, Fadluya turned to Qavurt's brother Alp Arslan,<ref name="Iranica">{{cite web |last1=Mardukh |first1='Abd-Allah |title=FAŻLŪYA, Amir ABU'L-ʿABBĀS FAŻL |url=https://iranicaonline.org/articles/fazluya-amir-abul-abbas-fazl-known-also-as-nezam-al-din-fazl-allah |website=Encyclopaedia Iranica |access-date=7 March 2022}}</ref> offering an annual tribute of 27 million dirhams in return for the Seljuks letting him remain ruler of Fars.<ref name="Iranica"/> Alp Arslan, following his campaign in the nortwest, launched an expedition against Qavurt. During an attack by Alp Arslan's army, Qavurt's soldiers were defeated and pleaded for mercy. Qavurt fled and his loyalists were imprisoned. Thereafter, Alp Arslan appointed Fadluya as governor of Fars and went to Isfahan. Hence, Qavurt lost all his territories that he controlled in Fars.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Yazar |first=Nurullah |title=Attempts by Prince Qavurt of Kerman to seize the Seljuk throne |url=https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/85752 |website=Dergi Park |pages=222–224}}</ref> [[File:Map of Fars and it's surrounding regions.png|thumb|right|300px|Map of Fars]]

The conflict continued/reignited in 1062, when Shiraz and its surroundings were handed over to Qavurt Bey by Turkish soldiers and the Deylemis.<ref name="QavurtKerman"/> After defeating Fadluya, the emir of Shabankara, Qavurt Bey returned to Shiraz, had the Friday sermon read in the name of his uncle Tugrul Bey, and sent him gifts. The following year, Qavurt, along with 4,000 Turkish soldiers, confronted Fadluya, who was marching on Shiraz at the head of 20,000 Deylemis, and defeated him again, taking many prisoners.<ref name="QavurtKerman"/>

Later, in the reign of sultan Alp Arslan, Fadluya rebelled against him.<ref name="Iranica"/> He stopped sending the annual tribute, proclaimed himself an independent ruler, and took up a defensive position at the fortress of Khvorsha near Jahrom.<ref name="Iranica"/> However, this rebellion was unsuccessful as Alp Arslan's vizier Nizam al-Mulk came and ended up capturing the fortress after 16 days.<ref name="Iranica"/> Fadluya surrendered and offered to pay reparations.<ref name="Iranica"/> He was forgiven and allowed to resume his position as ruler of Fars.<ref name="Iranica"/>

===Qavurt's Attempt for Independence (1064)=== Around 1064, Qavurt, the ruler of Kerman, pushed for a acquiring a rebellious stance in an attempt to gain independence from the Great Seljuks. Therefore, Alp Arslan interrupted his campaign in Eastern Anatolia and returned to Rey, from where he proceeded to Hamadan (December 1064). After this event, which resulted in Qavurt begging for forgiveness, Alp Arslan went to Merv, where he had resided during his rule as governor of Khorasan, and spent the winter there, occupying himself with administrative arrangements and the appointment of members of his dynasty as rulers and emirs in various regions.<ref>{{cite web|access-date=22 April 2025 |archive-date=2 June 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190602084302/https://islamansiklopedisi.org.tr/alparslan#:~:text=Alparslan%2C%20Kirman%20Meliki,edilmeleriyle%20me%C5%9Fgul%20oldu |language=tr |title=ALPARSLAN |url=https://islamansiklopedisi.org.tr/alparslan#:~:text=Alparslan%2C%20Kirman%20Meliki,edilmeleriyle%20me%C5%9Fgul%20oldu |url-status=live |work=TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi}}<!-- auto-translated from Turkish by Module:CS1 translator --></ref>

===Qavurt's First Rebellion===

When Alp Arslan succeeded Tugrul Bey in Rey (1063) as the Great Seljuk Sultan, Qavurt Bey had the ''khutbah'' (sermon) read in Alp Arslan's name in Kerman and demanded a share of the treasury and possessions inherited from his uncle.<ref name="QavurtKerman">{{cite web|title=SELÇUKLULAR|url=https://islamansiklopedisi.org.tr/selcuklular#4|access-date=2026-05-01 |website=TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi |language=tr}}</ref> Evoked by these provocations, Qavurt Bey incited a brief rebellion against Alp Arslan in 1067 by removing his brother's name from the khutba and minting coins in his own name. Thereafter, the Great Seljuk Sultan went on an expedition against him.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Turan |first=Osman |title=Selçuklular târihi ve Türk-İslâm medeniyeti |date=2019 |publisher=Ötüken |isbn=978-975-437-470-4 |edition=22. basim |series=Yayın Kültür serisi |location=İstanbul |pages=160}}</ref> Qavurt, seized with fear, fled to the city of Jiroft<ref name="QavurtKerman"/> and begged for forgiveness after the army he sent was defeated by Alp Arslan's vanguard. Alp Arslan then proceeded to besiege Jiroft,<ref>{{cite book | title = The Cambridge History of Iran, Volume 5: The Saljuq and Mongol periods | year = 1968 | publisher = Cambridge University Press | location = Cambridge | editor-last = Frye | editor-first = R. N. | last = Bosworth | first = C. E. | author-link = C. E. Bosworth | chapter = The Political and Dynastic History of the Iranian World (A.D. 1000–1217) | page =59 | isbn = 0-521-06936-X | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=16yHq5v3QZAC&pg=PA1}}</ref> but thereafter pardoned him and left him as the governer of Kerman.<ref>{{Cite web |title=ALPARSLAN |url=https://islamansiklopedisi.org.tr/alparslan#:~:text=Alparslan%E2%80%99%C4%B1n%20Horasan%E2%80%99a%20d%C3%B6nd%C3%BCkten,ba%C4%9Flamaya%20%C3%A7al%C4%B1%C5%9Ft%C4%B1%C4%9F%C4%B1n%C4%B1%20g%C3%B6stermektedir. |access-date=2025-05-18 |website=TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi |language=tr}}</ref>

===Qavurt's Second Rebellion=== Qavurt later rebelled again allying himself with Fadluya, the Shabankara chief, claiming the throne in around 1068-69. Alp Arslan again marched on Kerman and besieged Qavurt, who was in Bardasir. Although Qavurt managed to win over some of Alp Arslan's forces, he was unsuccessful and gave up the uprising.<ref name="Gawurd"/><ref name="QavurtKerman"/> Fadluya, who rebelled again in 1069<ref>{{cite book | title = The Cambridge History of Iran, Volume 5: The Saljuq and Mongol periods | year = 1968 | publisher = Cambridge University Press | location = Cambridge | editor-last = Frye | editor-first = R. N. | last = Bosworth | first = C. E. | author-link = C. E. Bosworth | chapter = The Political and Dynastic History of the Iranian World (A.D. 1000–1217) | page =60 | isbn = 0-521-06936-X | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=16yHq5v3QZAC&pg=PA1}}</ref>/1072,<ref name="Iranica"/> and once again Nizam al-Mulk was sent to subjugate him.<ref name="Iranica"/> Nizam al-Mulk's attempt to resolve things peacefully failed; again Fadluya ended up ensconcing himself in a fortress.<ref name="Iranica"/> Nizam al-Mulk laid siege to the fortress which surrendered after a relatively short time before the defenders surrendered due to lack of water.<ref name="Iranica"/> Fadluya attempted to flee but was captured and brought before Alp Arslan. Nizam al-Mulk captured several fortresses, including Estakhr, from Fadluya, where he was imprisoned. He possibly died in an attempt to flee or in another campaign by Nizam, while being held captive with his, Hasan or Hasanuya.

===Expansion of the sultanate=== Qavurt's success in taking over Kerman early in Tughril's reign had attracted thither larger numbers of Türk-men, which greatly disturbed the stability of the sultanate. Qavurt's policy had therefore been to divert them into those outlying parts that were infested with Balūchi brigands, and he also sent a force under his son Amirān-Shah against Sistān. As a further outlet for expansion and settlement, he mounted an expedition against Oman, and after crossing the Persian Gulf in ships chartered from the local ruler of Hurmuz, he deposed the Büyid governor and brought Oman under Seljuk suzerainty.<ref name="BosworthK">{{cite book | title = The Cambridge History of Iran, Volume 5: The Saljuq and Mongol periods | year = 1968 | publisher = Cambridge University Press | location = Cambridge | editor-last = Frye | editor-first = R. N. | last = Bosworth | first = C. E. | author-link = C. E. Bosworth | chapter = The Political and Dynastic History of the Iranian World (A.D. 1000–1217) | pages=88 | isbn = 0-521-06936-X | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=16yHq5v3QZAC&pg=PA1}}</ref> [[File:Kerman Seljuk.png|thumb|The Kerman Seljuk Sultanate at its zenith after Qavurt's expansion]] However, upon hearing the news of Malik-Shah's accession, Qavurt hurried back to Kerman from Oman, losing several ships and many men in the crossing. He then proceeded to incite a rebellion against Malik Shah, which proved to be his last campaign.<ref name="BosworthK"/>

==Qavurt's rebellion== === Alp Arslan's will ===

Alp Arslan died in 1072. But before death he willed his throne to Malik Shah I, his second son. He also expressed his concern about possible throne struggles. The major contestants for the throne were his eldest son Ayaz and his brother Qavurt. As a compromise, he willed generous grants to Ayaz and Qavurt. On his deathbed, Sultan Alp Arslan, with Nizam al-Mulk as his testifier, bequeathed Fars to Qavurt, a share of the treasury to him, and the marriage of his chief consort, Seferiye Hatun, to him.<ref name="QavurtKerman"/>

===Qavurt's Third Rebellion=== {{Main|Battle of Kerj Abu Dulaf}} [[File:Malik-Shah I.jpg|thumb|Malik Shah enthroned after the battle]] Malik Shah was only 17 or 18 years of age when he ascended to throne. Although Ayaz presented no problem, he faced with the serious problem of Qavurt's rebellion.<ref>Encyclopædia Britannica, Expo 70 ed. Vol 14, p. 699</ref> His vizier Nizam al-Mulk was even more worried for he had become the de facto ruler of the empire during young Malik Shah's reign. Although Qavurt had only a small army, Turkmen officiers in Malik Shah's army tended to support Qavurt. So Malik Shah and Nizam al-Mulk added non Turkic regiments to Seljuk army. Artukids also supported Malik Shah. The clash was at a location known as ''Kerç kapı'' (or ''Kerec''<ref>Sina Akşin-Ümit Hassan: Türkiye Tarihi 1 Vatan Kitap, 2009, {{ISBN|975-406-563-2}}, p.180</ref> ) close to Hamedan on 16 May 1073. Malik Shah was able to defeat Qavurt's forces. Although Qavurt escaped, he was soon arrested. Initially Malik Shah was tolerant to his uncle. But Nizam al-Mulk convinced the young sultan to execute Qavurt. Nizam al-Mulk also executed two of Qavurt's four sons.<ref>Bosworth, Clifford E., ''The New Islamic Dynasties:&nbsp; A Chronological and Genealogical Manual,'' Columbia University Press, New York, 1996, pgs. 186-187</ref> Later he eliminated most of the Turkic commanders of the army whom he suspected to be Qavurt's partisans.

==Aftermath==

Qavurt's defeat was a blow to Turkic character of the empire. But Qavurt's other sons managed to rule in Kirman as vassals of Malik Shah and their small state lived even longer than that of the Great Seljuk Empire.

==Family== [[File:Map of the Kirman Seljuk Sultanate in 1180 CE.png|thumb|Map of the Kerman Seljuk Sultanate in 1180 CE]] Qavurt was the son of Dawud Chaghri Bey,<ref name="Bosworth">{{cite book |last=Bosworth |first=C. E. |title=The New Islamic Dynasties: A Chronological and Genealogical Manual |publisher=Edinburgh University Press |year=1996 |isbn=978-0-7486-2137-8 |pages=213–214}}</ref> the Seljuk governor of Khorasan and the brother of Toghrul Bey, then the Sultan of the Great Seljuk Empire. His principle brothers include the later Seljuk Sultan Alp Arslan, Suleiman ibn Chaghri and Alp Sungur Yaquti. Qavurt also fathered many sons, among which include Kerman-Shah, Sultan-Shah, Amirān-Shah, Turan Shah I, Husayn, and Mardan Shah.<ref name="Merçil">{{cite book |last=Merçil |first=Erdoğan |title=Kirman Selçukluları |publisher=Türk Tarih Kurumu Basımevi |year=1989 |isbn=975-16-0154-1 |pages=24–28}}</ref> According to the chronicler ''Afdal al-Din Abu Hamid Kirmani'', Qavurt’s descendants maintained control over the Kerman Seljuk Sultanate for over a century following his death, despite the conflict with the Great Seljuk central authority.<ref name="Afdal">{{cite book |last=Kirmani |first=Afdal al-Din |editor-last=Hashimi |editor-first=S. M. |title=Badayi' al-Azman fi Vaqa'i' Kerman |location=Tehran |year=1947 |language=Persian}}</ref><ref name="EI2">{{cite encyclopedia |last=Lambton |first=A.K.S. |title=Ḳawurd |encyclopedia=Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition |publisher=Brill |year=1978 |volume=4 |page=807}}</ref>

Qavurt's sister Khadija Arslan Khatun was married to the Abbasid Caliph Al-Qaim<ref name=":3">{{cite book |last=Bosworth |first=C. E. |title=The Cambridge History of Iran |publisher=Cambridge University Press |year=1968 |editor-last=Boyle |editor-first=J. A. |volume=5 |page=48 |chapter=The Political and Dynastic History of the Iranian World}}</ref> in 1056 AD,<ref>{{cite journal |last=Bosworth |first=C. E. |year=1970 |title=Dailamīs in Central Iran: The Kākūyids of Jibāl and Yazd |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/05786967.1970.11834791 |journal=Iran |volume=8 |issue=1 |pages=73–95 [p. 86] |doi=10.2307/4299634 |jstor=4299634 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> which strengthened the ties between the Seljuks and the Abbasids.

Qavurt also had a daughter named Mustazhiriyya who was married to Sultan Ghiyath ad-Din Mas'ud in May–June 1138.{{sfn|Richards|2010|p=369 n. 9}}{{sfn|Lambton|1988|p=260}}{{sfn|Richards|2010|p=346}}<ref name="Hillenbrand al-Azraq">{{cite book | last1=Hillenbrand | first1=C. | last2=al-Azraq | first2=A.Y.I. | title=A Muslim Principality in Crusader Times: The Early Artuqid State | publisher=Nederlands Historisch-Archaeologisch Instituut te Istanbul | series=Nederlands Historisch-Archeologisch Instituut in het Nabije Oosten İstanbul: Uitgaven van het Nederlands Historisch-Archaeologisch Instituut te Istanbul | year=1990 | isbn=978-90-6258-066-8 | page=98 and n. 58}}</ref> {{Chart top|width=100%|Qavurt Bey's Family (Sons & Daughters) and descent with Seljuk Bey}} {{Tree chart/start|align=center}}

{{Tree chart| | | | | | | | |TUQ| | | | | | | | | | |TUQ='''Duqaq Temur Beg'''|boxstyle_TUQ=background-color: #BBF; border: 2px solid blue;}} {{Tree chart| | | | | | | | | |!| | | | | | | | | | | }} {{Tree chart| | | | | | | | |SEL| | | | | | | | | | |SEL='''Seljuk Bey'''|boxstyle_SEL=background-color: #BBF; border: 2px solid blue;}} {{Tree chart| | | | |,|-|-|v|-|^|-|-|v|-|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|.| }} {{Tree chart| | | |MIK| |ARS| |MUSA| |YUN| |YUS| |MIK='''Mikail Yabughu'''|ARS='''Arslan Yabughu'''|MUSA='''Musa Yabghu'''|YUN=Yunus|YUS=Yusuf|boxstyle_MIK=background-color: #BBF; border: 2px solid blue;}} {{Tree chart| | |,|-|^|-|.| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | }} {{Tree chart| |CHA| |TUG| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |CHA='''Dawud Chaghri Bey'''|TUG='''Tughril Bey'''<br>''Sultan''|boxstyle_CHA=background-color: #BBF; border: 2px solid blue;}} {{Tree chart| | |!| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | }} {{Tree chart|,|-|^|-|v|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|.|| | | | | | | | | | }} {{Tree chart|ALP| |QAV| |SUL| |YAQ| | | | | | | | |ALP='''Alp Arslan'''<br>''Sultan''|QAV=Qavurt<br>''Shah of Kerman''|SUL=Sulayman ibn Chaghri|YAQ=Yaquti ibn Chaghri|boxstyle_QAV=background-color: #fb9; border: 2px solid red;}} {{Tree chart| | | | | |!| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | }} {{Tree chart| |,|-|-|-|+|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|.|||}} {{Tree chart|KIR| |SUL| |TUR| |AMI||MUS| |HUS| |MAR| |KIR='''Kerman Shah'''<br>''Shah of Kerman''|TUR='''Turan Shah I'''<br>''Shah of Kerman''|SUL='''Sultan Shah'''<br>''Shah of Kerman''|AMI='''Amirān-Shah'''|MUS='''Mustazhiriyya'''<br>''Daughter of Qavurt''|HUS=Husayn Shah|MAR=Mardan Shah}} {{Tree chart| |!| | | | | | | |!| | | | | | | |!| | | }} {{Tree chart|,|^|-|-|.| | | | |!| | | | | | | |!| | }} {{Tree chart|HUA| |ARS| |IRA| | | | | |SON| |HUA='''Hussein Omar Shah'''<br>''Shah of Kerman''|ARS='''Arslan Shah I'''<br>''Shah of Kerman''|IRA='''Iran Shah'''<br>''Shah of Kerman''|SON='''Son of Ghiyath ad-Din Mas'ud'''}}{{Tree chart|,|-|-|-|-|+|-|-|v|-|-|-|-|.| | | | }} {{Tree chart|TOG| |MUH| |KJR| |SML| |MUH='''Muhammad I ibn Arslan'''<br>''Shah of Kerman''|TOG='''Toghrul Shah'''|KJR='''Kerman Shah'''|SML='''Saljuk Shah'''}} {{Tree chart| | | | | |!| | | |!| | | | | | | | | | | }} {{Tree chart| | | | |TUG| |MAH| |TUG='''Toğrul Shah'''<br>''Shah of Kerman''|MAH='''Mahd Rafi Khatun'''{{efn|Spouse of Muhammad II ibn Mahmud}}}} {{Tree chart| | | | | |!| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | }} {{Tree chart| |,|-|-|-|+|-|-|-|.| | | | | | | | | | | }} {{Tree chart|BAH| |ARI| |TUI| |BAH='''Bahram Shah'''<br>''Shah of Kerman''|ARI='''Arslan Shah II'''<br>''Shah of Kerman''|TUI='''Turan Shah II'''<br>''Shah of Kerman''}} {{Tree chart| |!| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | }} {{Tree chart|MUJ| |MUJ='''Muhammad-Shah II'''<br>''Shah of Kerman''}} {{Tree chart/end}} {{Chart bottom}}

==In popular fiction== * In the series, ''Alparslan: Büyük Selçuklu'', Qavurt Bey has been portrayed as a turbulent element during Alp Arslan's reign by Kaan Yalçin.

== References == {{Reflist}}

==Footnotes== {{Notelist}}

{{Seljuk dynasty}} {{Authority control}}

Category:1073 deaths Category:Seljuk dynasty Category:Year of birth unknown Category:Executed Turkish people Category:11th-century nobility