Jeremiah 40

{{Short description|Book of Jeremiah, chapter 40}} {{For|Jeremiah 40 in the Septuagint|Jeremiah 33}} {{Bible chapter|letname= Jeremiah 40 |previouslink= Jeremiah 39 |previousletter= chapter 39 |nextlink= Jeremiah 41 |nextletter= chapter 41 |book=Book of Jeremiah |biblepart=Old Testament | booknum= 24 |hbiblepart= Nevi'im | hbooknum = 6 |category= Latter Prophets | filename= Aleppo-HighRes2-Neviim6-Jeremiah (page 1 crop).jpg |size=242px |caption=<div style="width: 242px; text-align: center; line-height: 1em">A high resolution scan of the Aleppo Codex showing the Book of Jeremiah (the sixth book in Nevi'im).</div>}} '''Jeremiah 40''' is the fortieth chapter of the Book of Jeremiah in the Hebrew Bible or the Old Testament of the Christian Bible. This book contains prophecies attributed to the prophet Jeremiah, and is one of the Books of the Prophets. This chapter is part of a narrative section consisting of chapters 37 to 44.{{sfn|Coogan|2007|pp= 1137-1138 Hebrew Bible}} Chapter 40 recounts that Jeremiah chose to remain in Judah and that the occupying Babylonians appointed Gedaliah as governor.

==Text== The original text was written in Hebrew. This chapter is divided into 16 verses.

===Verse numbering=== The order of chapters and verses of the Book of Jeremiah in the English Bibles, Masoretic Text (Hebrew), and Vulgate (Latin), in some places differs from that in the Septuagint (LXX, the Greek Bible used in the Eastern Orthodox Church and others) according to Rahlfs or Brenton. The following table is taken with minor adjustments from ''Brenton's Septuagint'', page 971.<ref name="ccel">{{Cite web|url=https://www.ccel.org/bible/brenton/Jeremiah/appendix.html|title=Table of Order of Jeremiah in Hebrew and Septuagint|website=www.ccel.org}}</ref>

The order of Computer Assisted Tools for Septuagint/Scriptural Study (CATSS) based on ''Alfred Rahlfs' Septuaginta'' (1935) differs in some details from Joseph Ziegler's critical edition (1957) in ''Göttingen LXX''. ''Swete's Introduction'' mostly agrees with Rahlfs' edition (=CATSS).<ref name="ccel"/>

{| class=wikitable !Hebrew, Vulgate, English!!Rahlfs' LXX (CATSS) |- |align=center|'''40''':1-16 |align=center|47:1-16 |- |align=center|33:1-13 |align=center|'''40''':1-13 |- |align=center|33:14-26 |align=center|none |}

===Textual witnesses=== Some early manuscripts containing the text of this chapter in Hebrew are of the Masoretic Text tradition, which includes the Codex Cairensis (895), the Petersburg Codex of the Prophets (916), Aleppo Codex (10th century), Codex Leningradensis (1008).{{sfn|Würthwein|1995|pp=35-37}}

There is also a translation into Koine Greek known as the Septuagint (with a different chapter and verse numbering), made in the last few centuries BCE. Extant ancient manuscripts of the Septuagint version include Codex Vaticanus ('''B'''; <math> \mathfrak{G}</math><sup>B</sup>; 4th century), Codex Sinaiticus ('''S'''; BHK: <math> \mathfrak{G}</math><sup>S</sup>; 4th century), Codex Alexandrinus ('''A'''; <math> \mathfrak{G}</math><sup>A</sup>; 5th century) and Codex Marchalianus ('''Q'''; <math> \mathfrak{G}</math><sup>Q</sup>; 6th century).{{sfn|Würthwein|1995|pp=73-74}}

===Parashot=== The ''parashah'' sections listed here are based on the Aleppo Codex.<ref>As reflected in the [http://mechon-mamre.org/e/et/et0.htm Jewish Publication Society's 1917 edition of the Hebrew Bible in English].</ref> Jeremiah 40 is a part of the "''Sixteenth prophecy (Jeremiah 40-45)''" in the section of ''Prophecies interwoven with narratives about the prophet's life (Jeremiah 26-45)''. {P}: open ''parashah''; {S}: closed ''parashah''. : {P} 40:1-6 {P} 40:7-12 {S} 40:13-16 {P}

=={{Anchor|Verses 1-6}}Jeremiah remains in Judah (40:1–6)== Verses 1-6 retell the narrative in {{bibleref2-nb|Jeremiah|39:11-14|NKJV}} about the release of Jeremiah with additional details.{{sfn|O'Connor|2007|p=520}}

===Verse 1=== :''The word that came to Jeremiah from the Lord, after that Nebuzaradan the captain of the guard had let him go from Ramah, when he had taken him being bound in chains among all that were carried away captive of Jerusalem and Judah, which were carried away captive unto Babylon.'' (KJV)<ref>{{bibleverse|Jeremiah|40:1|KJV}} (King James)</ref> When the commander of the guard found Jeremiah, he said to him, "The LORD your God decreed this disaster for this place. And now the LORD has brought it about; he has done just as he said he would. All this happened because you people sinned against the LORD and did not obey him. *Cross reference: Jeremiah 39:14 Jeremiah was released into the protection of Gedaliah.{{sfn|O'Connor|2007|pp=519-520}}

=={{Anchor|Verses 7–16}}Gedaliah governs in Judah (40:7–16)== ===Verse 7=== :''And when all the captains of the armies who were in the fields, they and their men, heard that the king of Babylon had made Gedaliah the son of Ahikam governor in the land, and had committed to him men, women, children, and the poorest of the land who had not been carried away captive to Babylon,''<ref>{{bibleref2|Jeremiah|40:7|NKJV}} NKJV</ref> *Cross reference: Jeremiah 39:10.<ref>Note [b] on Jeremiah 40:7 in NET Bible</ref> *"Made ... governor in": in Hebrew literally, "set him over/made him overseer over” (cf. Genesis 39:4–5).<ref>Note [a] on Jeremiah 40:7 in NET Bible</ref>

==See also== {{div col|colwidth=22em}} *Babylon *Chaldean *Gedaliah the son of Ahikam, the son of Saphan *Ishmael son of Nethaniah *Jerusalem *Judah *Nebuchadnezzar *Nebuzaradan{{div col end}} *Related Bible part: Jeremiah 39, Jeremiah 41, Jeremiah 52

==References== {{Reflist|30em}}

==Sources== *{{cite book |last= Coogan |first = Michael David |title = The New Oxford Annotated Bible with the Apocryphal/Deuterocanonical Books: New Revised Standard Version, Issue 48 |editor-last1=Coogan |editor-first1=Michael David |editor-first2=Marc Zvi |editor-last2= Brettler |editor-first3=Carol Ann |editor-last3= Newsom |editor-first4= Pheme |editor-last4= Perkins |edition=Augmented 3rd |publisher = Oxford University Press |year =2007 |isbn = 9780195288810|url = https://books.google.com/books?id=HmpMPgAACAAJ }} * {{cite book | last = Huey | first = F. B. | title = The New American Commentary - Jeremiah, Lamentations: An Exegetical and Theological Exposition of Holy Scripture, NIV Text | publisher = B&H Publishing Group | year = 1993| url = https://books.google.com/books?id=HBguYZCdAM4C | isbn = 9780805401165}} *{{cite book|last=O'Connor | first= Kathleen M. | chapter = 23. Jeremiah | title=The Oxford Bible Commentary | editor-first1=John| editor-last1=Barton | editor-first2=John| editor-last2= Muddiman | publisher = Oxford University Press |edition= first (paperback) | date = 2007 | pages = 487–533 | isbn = 978-0199277186 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZJdVkgEACAAJ| access-date=February 6, 2019}} * {{cite book |last =Thompson |first= J. A. |title= A Book of Jeremiah |series=The New International Commentary on the Old Testament |author-link = J. A. Thompson |edition=illustrated, revised |date= 1980 |publisher=Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing | url= https://archive.org/details/bookofjeremiah00thom |url-access =registration |isbn=9780802825308}} *{{cite book | last = Würthwein | first = Ernst | author-link = Ernst Würthwein | title = The Text of the Old Testament | publisher = Wm. B. Eerdmans |location = Grand Rapids, MI | year= 1995 | translator-first1 = Erroll F.| translator-last1 = Rhodes |isbn = 0-8028-0788-7 | url= https://books.google.com/books?id=FSNKSBObCYwC | access-date= January 26, 2019}}

==External links==

===Jewish=== *[http://www.mechon-mamre.org/p/pt/pt1140.htm Jeremiah 40 Hebrew with Parallel English]

===Christian=== *[http://www.latinvulgate.com/lv/verse.aspx?t=0&b=28&c=40 Jeremiah 40, English Translation with Parallel Latin Vulgate]

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