ISIS (operating system)

{{refimprove|date=November 2016}} {{Use dmy dates|date=January 2020|cs1-dates=y}} {{Use list-defined references|date=November 2023}} {{Infobox OS | name = ISIS | developer = Intel | source_model = Closed source | released = 1975 | supported_platforms = Intel 8080, Intel 8085 | working_state = Historic | latest_release_version = | marketing_target = exclusively for Intel Microprocessor Development System | prog_language = Assembler, PL/M | ui = Command line interface | license = Proprietary | succeeded by = ISIS II | website = {{usurped|1=[https://web.archive.org/web/20161124024659/http://www.isis-mds.com/ isis-mds.com (Archive)]}} | support status = Obsolete }} '''ISIS''', short for '''Intel System Implementation Supervisor''', was an operating system for early Intel microprocessors like the 8080. It was originally developed by Ken Burgett and Jim Stein under the management of Steve Hanna and Terry Opdendyk for the Intel Microprocessor Development System with two 8" floppy drives, starting in 1975,<ref name="Shustek_2016"/><ref name="Kildall_1993"/><ref name="retrotech"/><ref name="Arrick-Burgett_2017"/><ref name="Burgett_2017"/> and later adopted as ISIS-II as the operating system for the PL/M compiler, assembler, link editor, and In-Circuit Emulator (developed by Steve Morse). The ISIS operating system was developed on an early prototype of the MDS 800 computer, the same type of hardware that Gary Kildall used to develop CP/M.<ref name="Burgett_2017"/>

==Overview== thumb|An Intel MDS system in the UK in April 1987 Communication with the user is terminal-like. Its user interface is somewhat CP/M-like, even from the program interface point of view. For file opening, the program sends the name of file and gets back a handle. Each device has a name, which is entered between a pair of colons (<code>:F0:</code> and <code>:F1:</code> are floppies, <code>:LP:</code> is printer, etc.). Each diskette has one directory and no subdirectories. ISIS-II has been distributed as part of the Intel Microprocessor Development System and includes standard operating system commands (COPY, DELETE, DIR, RENAME, FORMAT)<ref name="retrotech"/> and debugging software (assembler, linker and debugger for external debugging in the developed device). There are two editors, one of which, AEDIT, contains editing macros support. File editing is provided directly on diskette (a .BAK file is always created). The other editor is CREDIT.

'''ISIS-II''' needed at least 32 kilobytes of RAM, the 8080/8085 CPU maximum address space was 64 kilobytes. In the MDS-800 and Series-II, the Monitor occupied F800h to FFFFh. Floppy disk format was 8-inch single-sided, 250 KB single-sided, single-density FM, or 500 KB single-sided, double-density MMFM. ISIS-PDS was also software and media incompatible and unique, it came on 720 KB double-sided double-density (DSDD) 5¼-inch floppies with the Intel personal development system (iPDS-100).

The '''ISIS-IV''' operating system was another incompatible (even with other Intel development systems) that ran on the iMDX-430 Series-IV Network Development System-II.

Intel ASM80, PLM-80, BASIC-80, COBOL-80, FORTRAN-80 were all available for ISIS-II. ASM86, ASM48, ASM51 were available as well.

===Commands=== The following list of commands are supported by the ISIS-II console.<ref name="Intel_1981_ISIS-II"/>

{{div col|colwidth=9em}} * IDISK * FORMAT * OBJHEX * EDIT * LIB * LINK * LOCATE {{div col end}}

==See also== * CONV86 * CP/M * Intel HEX * Intel Object Module Format (OMF) * RMX (operating system) or iRMX

==References== {{Reflist|refs= <ref name="Shustek_2016">{{cite web |url=https://www.computerhistory.org/atchm/in-his-own-words-gary-kildall/ |title=In His Own Words: Gary Kildall |author-first=Len |author-last=Shustek |date=2016-08-02 |work=Remarkable People |publisher=Computer History Museum}}</ref> <ref name="Kildall_1993">{{cite book |orig-date=1993 |date=2016-08-02 |title=Computer Connections: People, Places, and Events in the Evolution of the Personal Computer Industry |author-first=Gary Arlen |author-last=Kildall |author-link=Gary Kildall |editor-first1=Scott |editor-last1=Kildall |editor-link=Scott Kildall |editor-first2=Kristin |editor-last2=Kildall |publisher=Kildall Family |type=Manuscript, part 1 |url=https://www.computerhistory.org/atchm/computer-history-museum-license-agreement-for-the-kildall-manuscript/ |access-date=2025-02-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161117232745/http://s3data.computerhistory.org/kildall-p.1-78-publishable-lowres.pdf |url-status=live |archive-date=2016-11-17 }}</ref> <ref name="retrotech">{{cite web |url=https://www.retrotechnology.com/dri/isis.html |title=ISIS, Intellec, PL/M and Intel}}</ref> <ref name="Intel_1981_ISIS-II">{{cite book |title=ISIS II User's Guide |date=May 1981 |orig-date=1976 |id=Order Number 9800306-06 |publisher=Intel Corporation |publication-place=Santa Clara, California, USA |url=https://bitsavers.org/pdf/intel/ISIS_II/9800306-06_ISIS-II_Users_Guide_May81.pdf |access-date=2023-11-25 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231125123533/https://bitsavers.org/pdf/intel/ISIS_II/9800306-06_ISIS-II_Users_Guide_May81.pdf |archive-date=2023-11-25}}</ref> <ref name="Arrick-Burgett_2017">{{cite web |title=Chat |editor-first=Roger |editor-last=Arrick |author-first=Kenneth "Ken" |author-last=Burgett |date=2017 |url=https://www.rogerarrick.com/osiris/kenburgett1.txt |access-date=2023-11-25 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231124165937/https://www.rogerarrick.com/osiris/kenburgett1.txt |archive-date=2023-11-24}}</ref> <ref name="Burgett_2017">{{anchor|PIFS}}{{cite web |title=Development of Intel ISIS Operating System - An interview with Ken Burgett |author-first=Kenneth "Ken" |author-last=Burgett |date=2017-11-10 |url=https://www.rogerarrick.com/osiris/burgett.txt |access-date=2023-11-25 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231124165914/https://www.rogerarrick.com/osiris/burgett.txt |archive-date=2023-11-24}} {{usurped|1=[https://web.archive.org/web/20231125032320/https://00362628054895325210.googlegroups.com/attach/1cc719e8305ed/burgett.txt?part=0.1&view=1&vt=ANaJVrFYjqMX6NCUFa_l-LUDCL-Mu3EqJS1xO4wZczmxImZg2kP3F8E1qEWYTXI5rHv6URyeMi3pcc1oH5LeyEkzHUSeSnUncsii1D7SyIa5EcFQPzu1fzM]}}{{usurped|1=[https://web.archive.org/web/20231125121523/https://www.rogerarrick.com/kenburgett/]}}</ref> }}

==Further reading== * {{usurped|1=[https://web.archive.org/web/20161124024659/http://www.isis-mds.com/ ISIS-MDS Obsolete ISIS SW, MDS HW]}} Retrieved 2016-11-24 * [https://www.computinghistory.org.uk/det/731/Intel-MDS-80-Microcomputer-Development-System/ Intel MDS 80 - Microcomputer Development System] * {{cite web |title=Joe's Intel MDS web page |author-first=Joe |author-last=Rigdon |date=2000-10-20 |url=http://joe.classiccmp.org/mds/mds.htm |access-date=2023-11-25 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231125121145/https://www.rogerarrick.com/osiris/ |archive-date=2023-11-25}} * {{anchor|OSIRIS}}{{cite web |title=OSIRIS Operating System Archive |date=2017-10-30 |author-first=Roger |author-last=Attrick |url=https://www.rogerarrick.com/osiris/ |access-date=2023-11-25 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231125121145/https://www.rogerarrick.com/osiris/ |archive-date=2023-11-25}}

==External links== * {{usurped|1=[https://web.archive.org/web/20130927192609/http://www.intel-vintage.info/apps/videos/videos/show/18182246-intel-ipds-100-isis-commands Intel ISIS Command-Video]}} * [http://www.nj7p.info/Computers/Intel/ISIS-II.html Reverse engineered source] * [https://github.com/ogdenpm/intel80tools Additional reverse engineered source] * [https://p112.sourceforge.net/index.php?isx ISX - An ISIS-II emulator]

{{DEFAULTSORT:ISIS(operating system)}} Category:Intel software Category:Microcomputer software Category:Disk operating systems Category:Floppy disk-based operating systems