{{Short description|Mammalian protein found in Homo sapiens}} {{cs1 config|name-list-style=vanc|display-authors=6}} {{Infobox_gene}} '''Integrin alpha-V''' is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''ITGAV'' gene.<ref name="pmid2454952">{{cite journal | vauthors = Sosnoski DM, Emanuel BS, Hawkins AL, van Tuinen P, Ledbetter DH, Nussbaum RL, Kaos FT, Schwartz E, Phillips D, Bennett JS | title = Chromosomal localization of the genes for the vitronectin and fibronectin receptors alpha subunits and for platelet glycoproteins IIb and IIIa | journal = The Journal of Clinical Investigation | volume = 81 | issue = 6 | pages = 1993–1998 | date = June 1988 | pmid = 2454952 | pmc = 442653 | doi = 10.1172/JCI113548 }}</ref>
== Function ==
ITGAV encodes integrin alpha chain V. Integrins are heterodimeric integral membrane proteins composed of an alpha chain and a beta chain. Alpha V undergoes post-translational cleavage to yield disulfide-linked heavy and light chains, that combine with multiple integrin beta chains to form different integrins. Among the known associating beta chains (beta chains 1,3,5,6, and 8; ITGB1, ITGB3, ITGB5, ITGB6, and ITGB8), each can interact with extracellular matrix ligands; the alpha V beta 3 integrin, perhaps the most studied of these, is referred to as the Vitronectin receptor (VNR). In addition to adhesion, many integrins are known to facilitate signal transduction.<ref>{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: ITGAV integrin, alpha V (vitronectin receptor, alpha polypeptide, antigen CD51)| url = https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=3685}}</ref>
==Alpha V class integrins== In mammals the integrins that include alpha-V are : <!-- excerpt from Integrin#vertebrate integrins --> {| class="wikitable" ! Name !! Synonyms !! Distribution !! Ligands |- | '''α<sub>V</sub>β<sub>1</sub>''' || || neurological tumors || vitronectin; fibrinogen |- | '''α<sub>V</sub>β<sub>3</sub>''' || vitronectin receptor<ref name="pmid10037797">{{cite journal | vauthors = Hermann P, Armant M, Brown E, Rubio M, Ishihara H, Ulrich D, Caspary RG, Lindberg FP, Armitage R, Maliszewski C, Delespesse G, Sarfati M | title = The vitronectin receptor and its associated CD47 molecule mediates proinflammatory cytokine synthesis in human monocytes by interaction with soluble CD23 | journal = The Journal of Cell Biology | volume = 144 | issue = 4 | pages = 767–775 | date = February 1999 | pmid = 10037797 | pmc = 2132927 | doi = 10.1083/jcb.144.4.767 }}</ref> || activated endothelial cells, melanoma, glioblastoma|| vitronectin,<ref name="pmid10037797"/> fibronectin, fibrinogen, osteopontin, Cyr61, thyroxine<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Bergh JJ, Lin HY, Lansing L, Mohamed SN, Davis FB, Mousa S, Davis PJ | title = Integrin alphaVbeta3 contains a cell surface receptor site for thyroid hormone that is linked to activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase and induction of angiogenesis | journal = Endocrinology | volume = 146 | issue = 7 | pages = 2864–2871 | date = July 2005 | pmid = 15802494 | doi = 10.1210/en.2005-0102 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Schmohl KA, Han Y, Tutter M, Schwenk N, Sarker RS, Steiger K, Ziegler SI, Bartenstein P, Nelson PJ, Spitzweg C | title = Integrin αvβ3-dependent thyroid hormone effects on tumour proliferation and vascularisation | journal = Endocrine-Related Cancer | volume = 27 | issue = 12 | pages = 685–697 | date = December 2020 | pmid = 33112795 | doi = 10.1530/ERC-20-0353 }}</ref> |- | '''α<sub>V</sub>β<sub>5</sub>''' || || widespread, esp. fibroblasts, epithelial cells || vitronectin and adenovirus |- | '''α<sub>V</sub>β<sub>6</sub>''' || || proliferating epithelia, esp. lung and mammary gland || fibronectin; TGFβ1+3 |- | '''α<sub>V</sub>β<sub>8</sub>''' || || neural tissue; peripheral nerve || fibronectin; TGFβ1+3 |}
==Clinical significance== Overexpression of the ITGAV gene is associated with progression and spread of colorectal cancer,<ref name=Waisberg2014>{{cite journal | vauthors = Waisberg J, De Souza Viana L, Affonso Junior RJ, Silva SR, Denadai MV, Margeotto FB, De Souza CS, Matos D | title = Overexpression of the ITGAV gene is associated with progression and spread of colorectal cancer | journal = Anticancer Research | volume = 34 | issue = 10 | pages = 5599–5607 | date = October 2014 | pmid = 25275062 }}</ref> and prostate cancer.<ref name=Cooper2002>{{cite journal | vauthors = Cooper CR, Chay CH, Pienta KJ | title = The role of alpha(v)beta(3) in prostate cancer progression | journal = Neoplasia | volume = 4 | issue = 3 | pages = 191–194 | year = 2002 | pmid = 11988838 | pmc = 1531692 | doi = 10.1038/sj.neo.7900224 }}</ref>
==As a drug target== The mAbs intetumumab, and abituzumab target this protein which is found on some tumour cells.<ref name="ÉlezKocáková2015">{{cite journal | vauthors = Élez E, Kocáková I, Höhler T, Martens UM, Bokemeyer C, Van Cutsem E, Melichar B, Smakal M, Csőszi T, Topuzov E, Orlova R, Tjulandin S, Rivera F, Straub J, Bruns R, Quaratino S, Tabernero J | title = Abituzumab combined with cetuximab plus irinotecan versus cetuximab plus irinotecan alone for patients with KRAS wild-type metastatic colorectal cancer: the randomised phase I/II POSEIDON trial | journal = Annals of Oncology | volume = 26 | issue = 1 | pages = 132–140 | date = January 2015 | pmid = 25319061 | doi = 10.1093/annonc/mdu474 | doi-access = free }}</ref>
== See also == * Cluster of differentiation
== References == {{reflist}}
== Further reading == {{refbegin | 2}} * {{cite journal | vauthors = Horton MA | title = The alpha v beta 3 integrin "vitronectin receptor" | journal = The International Journal of Biochemistry & Cell Biology | volume = 29 | issue = 5 | pages = 721–725 | date = May 1997 | pmid = 9251239 | doi = 10.1016/S1357-2725(96)00155-0 }} * {{cite journal | vauthors = Porter JC, Hogg N | title = Integrins take partners: cross-talk between integrins and other membrane receptors | journal = Trends in Cell Biology | volume = 8 | issue = 10 | pages = 390–396 | date = October 1998 | pmid = 9789327 | doi = 10.1016/S0962-8924(98)01344-0 }} * {{cite journal | vauthors = Sajid M, Stouffer GA | title = The role of alpha(v)beta3 integrins in vascular healing | journal = Thrombosis and Haemostasis | volume = 87 | issue = 2 | pages = 187–193 | date = February 2002 | pmid = 11858476 | doi = 10.1055/s-0037-1612971 | s2cid = 76995133 }} * {{cite journal | vauthors = Cooper CR, Chay CH, Pienta KJ | title = The role of alpha(v)beta(3) in prostate cancer progression | journal = Neoplasia | volume = 4 | issue = 3 | pages = 191–194 | year = 2002 | pmid = 11988838 | pmc = 1531692 | doi = 10.1038/sj.neo.7900224 }} * {{cite journal | vauthors = Cacciari B, Spalluto G | title = Non peptidic alphavbeta3 antagonists: recent developments | journal = Current Medicinal Chemistry | volume = 12 | issue = 1 | pages = 51–70 | year = 2005 | pmid = 15638730 | doi = 10.2174/0929867053363522 }} * {{cite journal |author=University of Edinburgh |title=Hope for transplant patients as study finds key to organ scarring |journal=ScienceDaily |year=2013 |access-date=December 2, 2014 |url=https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/11/131110184408.htm }} {{refend}} {{PDB Gallery|geneid=3685}}
== External links == * {{MeshName|CD51+Antigen}} *[https://archive.today/20130414132246/http://cmkb.cellmigration.org/report.cgi?report=orth_overview&gene_id=3685 ITGAV] Info with links in the [http://www.cellmigration.org/index.shtml Cell Migration Gateway] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141211173306/http://www.cellmigration.org/index.shtml |date=2014-12-11 }}
{{Clusters of differentiation}} {{Integrins}}
Category:Clusters of differentiation Category:Integrins
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