Galantheae

{{Short description|Tribe of flowering plants}} {{Automatic taxobox |taxon = Galantheae |image = Galanthus_nivalis.jpg |image_caption = ''Galanthus nivalis'' |authority = Parlatore |synonyms_ref = |synonyms = Galanthinae |subdivision_ranks = Genera |subdivision = *''Acis'' *''Galanthus'' *''Leucojum'' |type_genus = ''Galanthus'' |type_genus_authority = L. }}

'''Galantheae''' is a tribe of European, West Asian and North African flowering plants belonging to the subfamily Amaryllidoideae of the Amaryllis family (Amaryllidaceae). {{As of|2017}}, it contains three genera, although more were included previously. The position of the ovary is inferior.

== Taxonomy == For a history of the circumscription of Galantheae, see Meerow ''et al.'' 2006.{{sfn|Meerow et al|2006a}} A narrower sense of the tribe is now favoured, with only three genera.{{sfn|Larsen et al|2010}}

=== Phylogeny === The placement of Galantheae within subfamily Amaryllidoideae is shown in the following cladogram:

{{cladogram | title= {{anchor|Clad3}}Cladogram: Tribes of subfamily Amaryllidoideae | align=left | cladogram={{clade|style=font-size:92%;line-height:100%;width:700px;

| label1 = Subfamily '''Amaryllidoideae'''

|1= {{Clade | label1= Africa | 1= Tribe Amaryllideae | 2= {{Clade | 1= {{clade | label1=Africa | 1= Tribe Cyrtantheae | 2= {{clade | label1=Africa | 1= Tribe Haemantheae | label2= Australasia | 2= Tribe Calostemmateae }} }} | 2= {{clade | label1= Eurasian clade | label2= American clade | 1= {{clade | label1= Asia | 1= Tribe Lycorideae | label2= Mediterranean | 2= {{clade | 1= Tribe '''Galantheae''' | 2= {{clade | 1= Tribe Pancratieae | 2= Tribe Narcisseae }} }} }} | 2= {{clade | label1= Hippeastroid clade | label2= Andean clade | 1= {{clade | 1= Tribe Griffineae | 2= Tribe Hippeastreae

}} | 2= {{clade | 1= {{clade | 1= Tribe Eustephieae }} | 2= {{clade

| 1= Tribe Eucharideae/Stenomesseae

| 2= {{clade | 1= {{clade | 1= Tribe Clinantheae | 2= Tribe Hymenocallideae }} }} }} }} }} }} }} }} }} }} {{clear}}

=== Subdivision ===

Included genera are:{{sfn|Larsen et al|2010}}<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/family.pl?2570 |title=USDA, ARS, National Genetic Resources Program. Germplasm Resources Information Network - (GRIN). National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. |access-date=2014-09-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140913075952/http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/family.pl?2570 |archive-date=2014-09-13 |url-status=dead }}</ref> *''Acis'' Salisb. *''Galanthus'' L. *''Leucojum'' L.

Previously included were:<ref>{{cite book|last1=Traub|first1=H.P.|author-link=Hamilton Traub|title=Genera of the Amaryllidaceae|url=http://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.39015006929270;view=1up;seq=3|date=1963|publisher=American Plant Life Society|location=La Jolla, California}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|last1=Lledó|first1=Ma D.|last2=Davis|first2=A. P.|last3=Crespo|first3=M. B.|last4=Chase|first4=M. W.|last5=Fay|first5=M. F.|authorlink4=Mark W Chase|authorlink5=Michael F Fay|title=Phylogenetic analysis of ''Leucojum'' and ''Galanthus'' (Amaryllidaceae) based on plastid matK and nuclear ribosomal spacer (ITS) DNA sequences and morphology|url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/226774240|journal=Plant Systematics and Evolution|date=14 June 2004|volume=246|issue=3–4|doi=10.1007/s00606-004-0152-0|bibcode=2004PSyEv.246..223L |s2cid=43826738}}</ref><ref name=Meerow> {{Citation | last1 = Meerow | first1 = Alan W. | author-link1 = Alan Meerow | last2 = Snijman | first2 = Deirdre A. | author-link2 = Dierdré A. Snijman | chapter = ''Amaryllidaceae'' | editor-last = Kubitzki | editor-first = Klaus | editor-link = Klaus Kubitzki | title = The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants | volume = III | pages = 83–110 | publisher = Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg GmbH | date = 1998 | isbn = 978-3-642-08377-8 | doi = 10.1007/978-3-662-03533-7 | s2cid = 30159571 }}</ref> *''Hannonia'' *''Lapiedra'' *''Vagaria''

== Distribution and habitat == Galantheae represent one of the three European tribes of Amaryllidaceae (predominantly Mediterranean).

== Cultivation == Some species of ''Acis'', ''Galanthus'' and ''Leucojum'' are common ornamental garden plants.

==References == {{Reflist}} ==Bibliography== {{refbegin|30em}} * {{cite journal|last1=Larsen|first1=Maja Mellergaard|last2=Adsersen|first2=Anne|last3=Davis|first3=Aaron P.|last4=Lledó|first4=M. Dolores|last5=Jäger|first5=Anna K.|last6=Rønsted|first6=Nina|authorlink6=Nina Ronsted|title=Using a phylogenetic approach to selection of target plants in drug discovery of acetylcholinesterase inhibiting alkaloids in Amaryllidaceae tribe Galantheae|journal=Biochemical Systematics and Ecology|date=October 2010|volume=38|issue=5|pages=1026–1034|doi=10.1016/j.bse.2010.10.005|bibcode=2010BioSE..38.1026L |ref={{harvid|Larsen et al|2010}}}} * {{cite journal|last1=Lledó|first1=Ma D.|last2=Davis|first2=A. P.|last3=Crespo|first3=M. B.|last4=Chase|first4=M. W.|last5=Fay|first5=M. F.|authorlink4=Mark W Chase|authorlink5=Michael F Fay|title=Phylogenetic analysis of ''Leucojum'' and ''Galanthus'' (Amaryllidaceae) based on plastid matK and nuclear ribosomal spacer (ITS) DNA sequences and morphology|url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/226774240|journal=Plant Systematics and Evolution|date=14 June 2004|volume=246|issue=3–4|doi=10.1007/s00606-004-0152-0|bibcode=2004PSyEv.246..223L |s2cid=43826738}} * Meerow A. 1995. Towards a phylogeny of the Amaryllidaceae. In P. J. Rudall, P. J. Cribb, D. F. Cutler, and C. J. Humphries [eds.], Monocotyledons: systematics and evolution, 169-179. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. * Meerow A. and D. A. Snijman. 1998 Amaryllidaceae. In K. Kubitzki [ed.], Families and genera of vascular plants, vol. 3, 83-110. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. * Müller-Doblies, D., and U. Müller-Doblies. 1978. Studies on tribal systematics of Amaryllidaceae. 1 The systematic position of Lapiedra Lag.. Lagascalia 8: 13-23. * Meerow, Alan W. Michael F. Fay, Charles L Guy, Qin-BaoLi, Faridah Q Zaman and Mark W. Chase. 1999 Systematics of Amaryllidaceae based on cladistic analysis of plastid sequence data. American Journal of Botany. 86: 1325. * {{cite journal|last1=Meerow|first1=AW|last2=Francisco-Ortega|first2=J|last3=Schnell|first3=RJ|authorlink1=Alan Meerow|title=Phylogenetic relationships and biogeography within the Eurasian clade of Amaryllidaceae based on plastid ndhF and nrDNA ITS sequences: lineage sorting in a reticulate area?|journal=Systematic Botany|date=2006|volume=31|pages=42–60|doi=10.1600/036364406775971787|jstor=25064128|issue=1|s2cid=85953035|ref={{harvid|Meerow et al|2006a}}|url=https://naldc-legacy.nal.usda.gov/naldc/download.xhtml?id=1438&content=PDF|access-date=2018-12-29|archive-date=2021-02-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210225192049/https://naldc-legacy.nal.usda.gov/naldc/download.xhtml?id=1438&content=PDF|url-status=dead|url-access=subscription}} [https://web.archive.org/web/20160215232834/http://www.bulbsociety.org/meerow/Meerow%20et%20al.%20Eurasian%20clade.pdf Full text ] * {{cite journal|last1=Meerow|first1=Alan W.|last2=Snijman|first2=Deirdre A.|authorlink1=Alan Meerow|title=The never-ending story: multigene approaches to the phylogeny of Amaryllidaceae|journal=Aliso|date=2006|volume=22|pages=355–366|doi=10.5642/aliso.20062201.29|url=http://naldc-legacy.nal.usda.gov/naldc/download.xhtml?id=2425&content=PDF|access-date=25 January 2015|doi-access=free}}{{dead link|date=June 2025|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}} * {{cite journal|last1=Müller-Doblies|first1=U.|last2=Müller-Doblies|first2=D.|authorlink2=Dietrich Müller-Doblies|authorlink1=Ute Müller-Doblies|title=Tribes and subtribes and some species combinations in Amaryllidaceae J St Hil R Dahlgren & al. 1985|journal=Feddes Repertorium|date=1996|volume=107|issue=5–6|pages=S.c.1–S.c.9}} * {{cite web|last1=Vigneron|first1=Pascal|title=Amaryllidaceae|url=http://www.amaryllidaceae.org//index.htm|website=Amaryllidaceae.org|access-date=23 October 2014|language=French|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150104114211/http://www.amaryllidaceae.org/index.htm|archive-date=4 January 2015|url-status=dead}} * {{citation |last=Stevens |first=P.F. |date=2001{{ndash}}2012 |title=Angiosperm Phylogeny Website: Amaryllidoideae |url=http://www.mobot.org/mobot/research/apweb/orders/asparagalesweb.htm#Amaryllidaceae }} * {{cite web|title=Amaryllidaceae: A taxonomic tool for the Amaryllidaceae of the world|url=http://amaryllidaceae.e-monocot.org/|publisher=eMonocot|ref={{harvid|eMonocot|2016}}|access-date=2016-02-25|archive-date=2016-03-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304161517/http://amaryllidaceae.e-monocot.org/|url-status=dead}} {{refend}}

== External links ==

Category:Amaryllidoideae Category:Monocot tribes