Gaie Delap

{{Short description|British climate activist (born 1947)}}

{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2025}} {{Use British English|date=January 2025}}

{{Infobox person | name = Gaie Delap | image = | alt = | caption = | birth_name = | birth_date = {{birth date and age|1947|01|10|df=yes}} | birth_place = | death_date = | death_place = | other_names = | occupation = Retired teacher | years_active = | known_for = Climate activism | notable_works = | criminal_charges = Public nuisance | criminal_penalty = 20{{nbsp}}months imprisonment reduced to 18{{nbsp}}months on earlier appeal | criminal_status = Sentence completed but subject to current appeal }}

'''Gaie Delap''' (born {{date|10 January 1947}}) is a retired teacher and climate activist from the United Kingdom. Delap took part in a motorway blockade organised by Just Stop Oil on {{date|9 November 2022}} and was sentenced to 20{{nbsp}}months in prison for the crime of public nuisance.<ref name="mcmenemy-and-pa-media-2024"/>

Delap's case came to public attention when service provider Serco/EMS failed to fit an electronic monitoring tag after she was released on home detention curfew and she was duly recalled to HM Prison Eastwood Park to complete her sentence in custody.<ref name="rusbridger-2025"/> Serco/EMS subsequently fitted the same tag that had previously been deemed unsuitable and Delap was released on home detention for a second time on {{date|31 January 2025}}. Delap's original sentence was also extended a{{nbsp}}further 20{{nbsp}}days{{nbsp}}{{emdash}} the timespan used by Serco to unsuccessfully search for an{{nbsp}}alternative home monitoring solution the first time around.<ref name="taylor-jan-2025"/>

Delap challenged her conviction and sentence and the Court of Appeal subsequently reduced her prison term by two{{nbsp}}months.<ref name="casciani-and-warren-2025"/> In early{{nbhyph}}June 2025, Delap sought leave to appeal these same matters to the UK Supreme Court.<ref name="uksc-11-jun-2025"/>

In early{{nbhyph}}June 2025, Delap and broadcaster Chris Packham began legal proceedings against director of public prosecutions and the justice secretary Shabana Mahmood under the European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR).<ref name="nwjc-letter-2025"/><ref name="leigh-day-2025"/><ref name="anon-solicitors-journal-2025"/>

== Protest activity ==

=== M25 motorway blockade ===

Delap joined the blockade of the London M25 motorway by five Just Stop Oil activists on {{date|9 November 2022}}.<ref name="mcmenemy-and-pa-media-2024"/> At age{{nbsp}}75, she was arrested for climbing an overhead gantry and preventing traffic flow for about an hour.<ref name="williams-2025"/><ref name="channel-4-news-2024"/> Delap sat on the gantry alongside Paul Bell, a{{nbsp}}PhD student studying climate science at Exeter University.<ref name="davies-2025"/>

The action was one of a series of M25 blockages organised by Just Stop Oil starting on {{date|7 November 2022}} and spanning four days. Police report 58{{nbsp}}individuals in total were charged.<ref name="bbc-2022"/> These events are sometimes referred to as the "M25 Gantries" actions.<ref name="foe-uk-2025-mar"/>

==== Charge and original sentence ====

Delap was convicted for the crime of public nuisance and sentenced to 20{{nbsp}}month in prison. The severity of the sentence for a non{{nbhyph}}violent protest in the public interest has attracted considerable criticism.<ref name="rusbridger-2025"/><ref name="lucas-2025"/><ref name="guardian-letters-2025"/><ref name="de-kauwe-2025"/><ref name="cri-press-release-2025"/>

==== Home detention failures ====

Delap was offered home detention under the United Kingdom home detention curfew scheme and was released on licence from HM Prison Peterborough on {{date|18 November 2024}}.<ref name="holmes-2024"/> She returned to her home in Bristol in South West England. Delap later recounted her experiences at Peterborough prison in her first press interview after completing her sentence.<ref name="taylor-interview-2025"/>

Serco/Electronic Monitoring Service (EMS) was, however, unable to fit a suitable monitoring tag to the wrist of Delap, then aged 77, and, because she could not be tagged on her ankle for medical reasons, she was recalled to prison to complete her sentence.<ref name="rusbridger-2025"/><ref name="holmes-2024"/><ref name="dpa-2024"/><ref name="taylor-2024"/> Delap was duly arrested and taken to HM Prison Eastwood Park on {{date|20 December 2024}}.<ref name="holmes-2024"/> The operational policy surrounding the use of electronic monitoring specifically for Delap was the subject of a formal question and answer in the UK{{nbsp}}Parliament during January 2025.<ref name="uk-parliament-question-24958-2025"/>

Later in January{{nbsp}}2025, Delap was told that she would have to serve a further 20{{nbsp}}days in prison, the amount of time Serco/EMS had previously spent unsuccessfully trying to find a suitable wristband{{nbsp}}{{emdash}} this because she was officially classified as "unlawfully at large" during this period, despite remaining in her apartment in Bristol and in otherwise full compliance with the terms of her curfew.<ref name="taylor-jan-2025"/><ref name="nwjc-letter-2025"/><ref name="good-law-project-2025"/> One commentator argued that this constitutes legal double jeopardy{{nbsp}}{{emdash}} in this case a citizen being punished twice for what was clearly a systemic failure.<ref name="taylor-jan-2025"/>

Delap was released to home detention for a second time on {{date|31 January 2025}} after the previously rejected {{val|15|u=cm}} monitoring tag was apparently deemed workable.<ref name="taylor-31-jan-2025"/>

==== Court of Appeal review ====

Delap appealed her case to the full bench of the Court of Appeal on 29{{endash}}30 January 2025.<ref name="gayle-jan-2025"/><ref name="bbc-jan-2025"/> In an unusual move, this judicial process collectively considered four Just Stop Oil actions across 16{{nbsp}} defendants in the one sitting. The Court of Appeal returned its verdict on {{date|7 March 2025}}. Delap's sentence was reduced by two{{nbsp}}months to 18{{nbsp}}months because the trial judge had not taken into account the onerous bail conditions Delap had faced while awaiting trial.<ref name="casciani-and-warren-2025"/><ref name="court-of-appeal-march-2025"/> Civil society organizations criticized the reduced sentence as still disproportionate.<ref name="foe-uk-2025-mar"/><ref name="cri-press-release-2025"/><ref name="de-kauwe-2025"/>

On {{date|11 June 2025}}, Gaie Delap, along with Roger Hallam and nine other climate activists, lodged a Permission to Appeal application with the Supreme Court of the United Kingdom in respect of this Court of Appeal decision.<ref name="uksc-11-jun-2025"/>

==== Legal and political remedies ====

See below for the wider challenge to UK protest laws under European human rights protections.

On {{date|27 January 2025}}, the National Women's Justice Coalition (NWJC) published an open letter signed by 22{{nbsp}}legal rights and women's support organisations and 2{{nbsp}}legal researchers. The letter states we "consider that the recall process has resulted in acute and protracted psychological distress, which amounts to an unlawful violation of Article{{nbsp}}3 of the European Convention on Human Rights (the prohibition on inhuman and degrading treatment), as well as violating Article{{nbsp}}14 (the prohibition on discrimination)". The signatories also call on the UK government to "launch an inquiry into the systemic failures that have led to this situation, ensuring better coordination between EMS, the probation service, and the prison system to prevent similar injustices in the future".<ref name="nwjc-letter-2025"/>

On {{date|31 January 2025}}, Jolyon Maugham of the Good Law Project indicated that the organisation is considering supporting litigation against the Ministry of Justice and Serco under the Equality Act 2010.<ref name="glp-2025"/><ref name="taylor-31-jan-2025"/> Delap said that she was being "discriminated against as a woman" and the Good Law Project has begun to document examples of similar fact breaches.<ref name="cork-2024"/> Crowdfunding for the case commenced in late{{nbhyph}}2024.<ref name="cork-2024"/>

Law firm Hodge Jones & Allen, acting for Delap, has taken the first formal step in legal proceedings against justice secretary Shabana Mahmood. A copy of the precursor letter to judicial review, dated {{date|24 January 2025}}, has been made public and includes timeframes.<ref name="anon-hja-letter-2025"/>

Carla Denyer{{nbsp}}MP for Bristol Central has campaigned on Delap's behalf in relation to both her sentence{{nnbsp}}<ref name="gayle-2024"/> and the failure to provide suitable home detention monitoring.<ref name="jso-dec-2024"/>

Quaker{{nbhyph}}led vigils have been held outside the prison where Delap was being housed.<ref name="jso-press-10-jan-2025"/><ref name="captain-slocum-2025"/>

== Legal challenge to UK protest laws ==

=== European human rights violations ===

In early{{nbhyph}}June 2025, Delap and well{{nbhyph}}known wildlife broadcaster Chris Packham announced a joint legal challenge to current protest laws in the United Kingdom{{nbsp}}{{emdash}} and specifically provisions within the Police, Crime, Sentencing and Courts Act 2022 (PCSCA). The PCSCA provides for peaceful protesters of any persuasion to be prosecuted and convicted for the new, widely-framed criminal offence of "public{{nbsp}}nuisance". The pair, represented by the law firm Leigh Day, have sent a Pre{{nbhyph}}Action Protocol letter to the UK Director of Public Prosecutions and the Secretary of State for Justice {{nbsp}}{{emdash}} being the first step in legal proceedings. Their letter demands urgent clarification and reform of how the PCSCA is being interpreted and enforced by the courts and argues that the current law, which criminalises "public nuisance", is so broad and imprecise that it risks criminalising entirely peaceful environmental protests. The current legislation, therefore, fails to offer sufficient protection for the rights to freedom of speech and assembly under Articles{{nbsp}}10 and{{nbsp}}11 of the European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR), a{{nbsp}}treaty ratified by the United Kingdom in{{nbsp}}1951.<ref name="leigh-day-2025"/><ref name="anon-solicitors-journal-2025"/>

== References in UK Parliament ==

thumb|Recall to prison paperwork. The handwriting is Delap's own.

Gaie Delap was mentioned in a UK Parliamentary debate by Kim Johnson MP concerning the Sentencing Bill.<ref name="uk-parliament-2025"/> Johnson stated "I remind Members of the appalling case of Gaie Delap, a Just Stop Oil activist in her late 70s, who spent extra weeks in prison because Serco could not find a tag to fit her. The companies making millions from these contracts should be sanctioned, so that they deliver services correctly."<ref name="uk-parliament-2025"/>

The House of Lords Justice and Home Affairs Committee cited Gaie Delap's case in a policy letter sent to the Minister of Prisons on {{date|5 November 2025}}.<ref name="house-of-lords-justice-and-home-affairs-committee-2025"/>{{rp|§90}}

{{clear}}

== Personal life ==

Delap is a retired teacher and lives in Montpelier, Bristol, United Kingdom.<ref name="barltrop-and-turnidge-2024"/><ref name="cork-2025"/> Delap is a practicing Quaker.<ref name="ashworth-2024"/><ref name="anon-quakers-2025"/>

== See also ==

* Environmental movement * Just Stop Oil M25 blockade case * Serco prisons and justice operations

== Notes ==

{{notelist}}

== References ==

<!-- in chronological order downwards -->

{{reflist | 2 | refs =

<ref name="house-of-lords-justice-and-home-affairs-committee-2025"> {{cite web | author = House of Lords Justice and Home Affairs Committee | title = Policy letter on electronic monitoring | date = 5 November 2025 | publisher = House of Lords | location = London, United Kingdom | url = https://committees.parliament.uk/publications/50081/documents/269932/default/ | access-date = 2025-11-06 }} 28{{nbsp}}pages. Gaie Delap circumstances covered in §90. </ref>

<ref name="uk-parliament-2025"> {{cite web | author = UK Parliament | title = Sentencing Bill / Volume 773: debated on Tuesday 21 October 2025: remarks by Kim Johnson (Liverpool Riverside) (Lab) | date = 21 October 2025 | work = United Kingdom Parliament | location = London, United Kingdom | url = https://hansard.parliament.uk/commons/2025-10-21/debates/590DBEF3-EA64-4317-A051-939CE275C66C/SentencingBill#contribution-FEDFB55D-4069-4C64-ACB1-E176353C6F3E | access-date = 2025-10-26 }} Hansard Record. </ref>

<ref name="bbc-2022"> {{cite news | author = BBC | title = Just Stop Oil: M25 protests to be halted | date = 11 November 2022 | work = BBC News | location = London, United Kingdom | url = https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-england-essex-63594641 | access-date = 2025-02-26 }} </ref>

<ref name="mcmenemy-and-pa-media-2024"> {{cite news | last1 = McMenemy | first1 = Rachael | author2 = PA Media | title = Just Stop Oil activists jailed after M25 blocked | date = 1 August 2024 | work = BBC News | location = London, United Kingdom | url = https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cgxqwwev50ko | access-date = 2025-01-29 }}</ref>

<ref name="gayle-2024"> {{cite news | last1 = Gayle | first1 = Damien | title = Jail term for climate protester, 77, is disproportionate, says Carla Denyer | date = 22 August 2024 | work = The Guardian | location = London, United Kingdom | issn = 0261-3077 | url = https://www.theguardian.com/environment/article/2024/aug/22/jail-term-for-climate-protester-77-is-disproportionate-says-carla-denyer | access-date = 2025-02-04 }}</ref>

<ref name="barltrop-and-turnidge-2024"> {{cite news | last1 = Barltrop | first1 = Paul | last2 = Turnidge | first2 = Sarah | title = Protester, 77, faces return to prison due to electronic tag problem | date = 10 December 2024 | work = BBC News | location = London, United Kingdom | url = https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/ckgnx43909yo | access-date = 2025-01-29 }}</ref>

<ref name="ashworth-2024"> {{cite news | last1 = Ashworth | first1 = Pat | title = Quakers call for protestor to be freed from prison after electronic-tagging failure | date = 20 December 2024 | work = Church Times | location = London, United Kingdom | url = https://www.churchtimes.co.uk/articles/2024/20-december/news/uk/quakers-call-for-protestor-to-be-freed-from-prison-after-electronic-tagging-failure | access-date = 2025-02-03 }}</ref>

<!-- <ref name="davies-2024"> {{cite web | last1 = Davies | first1 = Andy | title = 77-year-old Just Stop Oil protester recalled to prison for Christmas | date = 20 December 2024 | work = Channel 4 News | location = United Kingdom | url = https://www.channel4.com/news/77-year-old-just-stop-oil-protester-recalled-to-prison-for-christmas | access-date = 2025-02-26 }} Site contains embedded 7{{nbsp}}minute video clip.</ref> -->

<ref name="channel-4-news-2024"> {{cite AV media | people = Channel 4 News | title = 77-year-old Just Stop Oil protester recalled to prison for Christmas | date = 20 December 2024 | publisher = Channel 4 News | location = United Kingdom | url = https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sSYUs1UjD2E | access-date = 2025-02-26 }} YouTube of duration 00:06:53.</ref>

<ref name="holmes-2024"> {{cite news | last1 = Holmes | first1 = Jonathan | title = Just Stop Oil campaigner back in jail after ankle tag problem | date = 21 December 2024 | work = BBC News | location = London, United Kingdom | url = https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c1el32g75p8o | access-date = 2025-01-29 }}</ref>

<ref name="taylor-2024"> {{cite news | last1 = Taylor | first1 = Diane | title = Elderly activist to spend Christmas in prison because tag does not fit | date = 21 December 2024 | work = The Guardian | location = London, United Kingdom | issn = 0261-3077 | url = https://www.theguardian.com/society/2024/dec/21/elderly-activist-to-spend-christmas-in-prison-because-tag-does-not-fit | access-date = 2024-12-22 }}</ref>

<ref name="jso-dec-2024"> {{cite AV media | people = JSO | title = 77-year-old Gaie Delap recalled to prison | date = 21 December 2024 | publisher = Just Stop Oil | location = United Kingdom | url = https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ujQPT_kFdWM | access-date = 2025-02-03 }} YouTube of duration 00:03:42. See 00:01:05 for Carla Denyer speaking.</ref>

<!-- <ref name="barbezat-2024"> {{cite web | last1 = Barbezat | first1 = Eugénie | title = Faute de bracelet électronique à sa taille, la militante écologiste Gaie Delap passera les fêtes en prison | trans-title = Environmental activist Gaie Delap will spend the holidays in prison for lack of an electronic tag | language = French | date = 22 December 2024 | work = L'Humanité | location = Paris, France | url = https://www.humanite.fr/societe/climat/faute-de-bracelet-electronique-a-sa-taille-la-militante-ecologiste-gaie-delap-passera-les-fetes-en-prison | access-date = 2025-02-23 }}</ref> -->

<ref name="dpa-2024"> {{cite news | author = dpa | title = Weil ihre Arme zu dünn sind: 77-Jährige muss aus kuriosem Grund ins Gefängnis | trans-title = Because her arms are too thin: 77-year-old woman goes to prison for a strange reason | language = German | date = 22 December 2024 | work = t-online | location = Berlin, Germany | url = https://www.t-online.de/nachrichten/panorama/buntes-kurioses/id_100558272/klimaaktivistin-gaie-delap-muss-wegen-zu-duenner-arme-ins-gefaengnis-.html | access-date = 2025-01-09 }}</ref>

<ref name="cork-2024"> {{cite news | last1 = Cork | first1 = Tristan | title = Jailed Bristol grandmother says she's being 'discriminated against' | date = 23 December 2024 | work = Bristol Live | location = Bristol, United Kingdom | url = https://www.bristolpost.co.uk/news/bristol-news/jailed-bristol-grandmother-says-shes-9814063 | access-date = 2025-02-13 }}</ref>

<ref name="rusbridger-2025"> {{cite web | last1 = Rusbridger | first1 = Alan | title = Why is a 77-year-old climate protester being locked up? | date = 4 January 2025 | work = Prospect | location = London, United Kingdom | url = https://www.prospectmagazine.co.uk/ideas/law/68975/why-is-a-77-year-old-climate-protester-being-locked-up | access-date = 2025-01-09 }}</ref>

<ref name="cork-2025"> {{cite news | last1 = Cork | first1 = Tristan | title = Vigil for Bristol granny in prison over tagging scandal | date = 7 January 2025 | work = Bristol Live | location = Bristol, United Kingdom | url = https://www.bristolpost.co.uk/news/bristol-news/birthday-vigil-bristol-grandmother-prison-9841026 | access-date = 2025-01-29 }}</ref>

<ref name="williams-2025"> {{cite news | last1 = Williams | first1 = Zoe | title = This 77-year-old climate activist should never have been jailed – and now faces a Kafkaesque struggle to get out | date = 9 January 2025 | work = The Guardian | location = London, United Kingdom | issn = 0261-3077 | url = https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2025/jan/09/failure-justice-gaie-delap-prison-government-climate-activist-tory-law | access-date = 2025-01-09 }}</ref>

<ref name="jso-press-10-jan-2025"> {{cite web | author1 = JSO Press | title = Gaie Delap's birthday — Statement from her family and friends | date = 10 January 2025 | work = Just Stop Oil | location = United Kingdom | url = https://juststopoil.org/2025/01/10/gaie-delaps-birthday-statement-from-her-family-and-friends/ | access-date = 2025-01-29 }}</ref>

<ref name="uk-parliament-question-24958-2025"> {{cite web | author = UK Parliament | title = Written questions and answers: Gaie Delap — Question for Ministry of Justice — UIN 24958 — tabled on 20 January 2025 | date = January 2025 | work = UK Parliament | location = London, United Kingdom | url = https://questions-statements.parliament.uk/written-questions/detail/2025-01-20/24958 | access-date = 2025-02-24 | quote = Question: To ask the Secretary of State for Justice, what assessment she has made of the implications for her policies of the case of Gaie Delap. }} Asked by Ian Byrne on {{date|20 January 2025}}. Answered in writing by Nicholas Dakin on {{date|28 January 2025}}.</ref>

<ref name="anon-quakers-2025"> {{cite web | author = Anon | title = Candle-lit vigil for imprisoned Quaker climate activist | date = 14 January 2025 | work = Quakers | location = London, United Kingdom | url = https://www.quaker.org.uk/news-and-events/news/candle-lit-vigil-for-imprisoned-quaker-climate-activist | access-date = 2025-01-29 }}</ref>

<ref name="guardian-letters-2025"> {{cite news | title = Keeping Gaie Delap in jail is a travesty of justice | date = 14 January 2025 | work = The Guardian | location = London, United Kingdom | issn = 0261-3077 | url = https://www.theguardian.com/society/2025/jan/14/keeping-gaie-delap-in-jail-is-a-travesty-of-justice | access-date = 2025-01-25 }}</ref>

<ref name="anon-hja-letter-2025"> {{cite book | author = Anon | title = Gaie Delap xxxx license revocation pursuant to s.255(1) Criminal Justice Act 2003 Pre-action protocol letter before claim | date = 24 January 2025 | publisher = Hodge Jones & Allen Solicitors | location = London, United Kingdom | url = https://drive.google.com/file/d/1ZIa4nrjhY21ZTgJKeQIq4QlhsPwb-KQU/view | access-date = 2025-01-30 }} Anonymized copy.</ref>

<ref name="good-law-project-2025"> {{cite web | author = Anon | title = Failure of the state adds 20 days to Gaie Delap's sentence — Case update | date = 25 January 2025 | work = Good Law Project | location = Sevenoaks, Kent, United Kingdom | url = https://goodlawproject.org/update/failure-of-the-state-adds-20-days-to-gaie-delaps-sentence/ | access-date = 2025-01-28 }}</ref>

<ref name="taylor-jan-2025"> {{cite news | last1 = Taylor | first1 = Diane | title = Just Stop Oil protester, 78, has jail term extended after no suitable tag found | date = 25 January 2025 | work = The Guardian | location = London, United Kingdom | issn = 0261-3077 | url = https://www.theguardian.com/society/2025/jan/25/gaie-delap-just-stop-oil-climate-protester-prison-term-extended-wrist-tag | access-date = 2025-01-25 }}</ref>

<ref name="nwjc-letter-2025"> {{cite web | author = NWJC | title = NWJC joins calls for Justice Secretary to address recall failures | date = 27 January 2025 | work = National Women's Justice Coalition | location = United Kingdom | url = https://wearenwjc.org.uk/nwjc-joins-calls-for-justice-secretary-to-address-recall-failures/ | access-date = 2025-02-23 }} Open letter offers a comprehensive summary of the facts and was signed by 22{{nbsp}}organizations and 2{{nbsp}}legal researchers.</ref>

<ref name="bbc-jan-2025"> {{cite news | author = BBC | title = Just Stop Oil activists acted 'out of sacrifice', court hears | date = 29 January 2025 | work = BBC News | location = London, United Kingdom | url = https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cr53eqjg531o | access-date = 2025-02-26 }} Heard by The Lady Chief Justice Baroness Carr, Mr Justice Lavender, and Mr Justice Griffiths.</ref>

<ref name="gayle-jan-2025"> {{cite news | last1 = Gayle | first1 = Damien | title = Sixteen jailed UK climate activists to appeal against 'unduly harsh' sentences | date = 29 January 2025 | work = The Guardian | location = London, United Kingdom | issn = 0261-3077 | url = https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2025/jan/29/sixteen-jailed-uk-climate-activists-to-appeal-against-sentences | access-date = 2025-01-29 }}</ref>

<ref name="lucas-2025"> {{cite news | last1 = Lucas | first1 = Caroline | title = Five years in prison for nonviolent protest: it's plain wrong, and Keir Starmer knows it | date = 29 January 2025 | work = The Guardian | location = London, United Kingdom | issn = 0261-3077 | url = https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2025/jan/29/five-years-nonviolent-protest-wrong-keir-starmer | access-date = 2025-01-29 }}</ref>

<ref name="taylor-31-jan-2025"> {{cite news | last1 = Taylor | first1 = Diane | title = Just Stop Oil protester, 78, released to home detention after fitting tag found | date = 31 January 2025 | work = The Guardian | location = London, United Kingdom | issn = 0261-3077 | url = https://www.theguardian.com/society/2025/jan/31/just-stop-oil-protester-78-released-on-home-detention-after-fitting-tag-found | access-date = 2025-02-03 }}</ref>

<ref name="glp-2025"> {{cite web | author = GLP | title = Breaking: Gaie Delap released on curfew, plans to sue Serco | date = 31 January 2025 | work = Good Law Project | location = Sevenoaks, Kent, United Kingdom | url = https://goodlawproject.org/update/breaking-gaie-delap-released-on-curfew-plans-to-sue-serco/ | access-date = 2025-02-03 }}</ref>

<ref name="davies-2025"> {{cite news | last1 = Davies | first1 = Philippa | title = Protest highlights 'corrupt' jailing of climate activists as they appeal against their sentences | date = 6 February 2025 | work = West Country Voices | location = Newton Abbot, United Kingdom | url = https://westcountryvoices.co.uk/protest-highlights-corrupt-jailing-of-climate-activists-as-they-appeal-against-their-sentences/ | access-date = 2025-02-06 }} </ref>

<ref name="court-of-appeal-march-2025"> {{cite court | litigants = Julian Roger Hallam & Ors v R | vol = | reporter = | opinion = | pinpoint = | court = Court of Appeal | date = 7 March 2025 | url = https://caselaw.nationalarchives.gov.uk/ewca/crim/2025/199?query=%5B2025%5D+EWCA+Crim+199 | quote = | postscript = }} [2025] EWCA Crim 199. See paras 129{{endash}}134. </ref>

<ref name="casciani-and-warren-2025"> {{cite news | last1 = Casciani | first1 = Dominic | last2 = Warren | first2 = Jess | title = Just Stop Oil: co-founder's sentence reduced in Court of Appeal | date = 7 March 2025 | work = BBC News | location = London, United Kingdom | url = https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cm2jvmrvydro | access-date = 2025-03-07 }} </ref>

<ref name="foe-uk-2025-mar"> {{cite web | author = FoE-UK | title = Critical legal appeal sees lengthy sentences reduced for Just Stop Oil activists — Press release | date = 7 March 2025 | work = Friends of the Earth | location = London, United Kingdom | url = https://friendsoftheearth.uk/climate/critical-legal-appeal-sees-lengthy-sentences-reduced-just-stop-oil-activists | access-date = 2025-03-07 }} </ref>

<ref name="cri-press-release-2025"> {{cite web | author = CRI | title = United Kingdom: climate protest sentences still disproportionate — Press release | date = 8 March 2025 | work = Climate Rights International | location = California, USA | url = https://cri.org/united-kingdom-climate-protest-sentences-still-disproportionate/ | access-date = 2025-03-08 }} </ref>

<ref name="de-kauwe-2025"> {{cite web | last1 = de Kauwe | first1 = Katie | title = Court of Appeal judgment on Just Stop Oil sentencing | date = 14 March 2025 | work = Friends of the Earth | location = London, United Kingdom | url = https://friendsoftheearth.uk/system-change/court-appeal-judgment-just-stop-oil-sentencing | access-date = 2025-03-14 }} </ref>

<ref name="taylor-interview-2025"> {{cite news | last1 = Taylor | first1 = Diane | title = Just Stop Oil protester, 78, who was returned to jail as no tag fitted her, on her life inside | date = 23 March 2025 | work = The Guardian | location = London, United Kingdom | issn = 0261-3077 | url = https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2025/mar/23/just-stop-oil-protester-gaie-delap-78-returned-to-jail-as-no-tag-fitted-her-on-the-absurdities-of-her-treatment | access-date = 2025-03-23 }} </ref>

<ref name="captain-slocum-2025"> {{cite AV media | author = Captain Slocum | title = Gaie Delap vigil | date = 31 March 2025 | url = https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-wZBC_b6eeU | access-date = 2025-03-31 }} YouTube video of duration 00:02:02. </ref>

<ref name="leigh-day-2025"> {{cite web | author = Anon | title = Chris Packham joins Gaie Delap in legal challenge to government over crackdown on peaceful protests | date = 8 June 2025 | work = Leigh Day | location = United Kingdom | url = https://www.leighday.co.uk/news/news/2025-news/chris-packham-joins-gaie-delap-in-legal-challenge-to-government-over-crackdown-on-peaceful-protests/ | access-date = 2025-06-09 }} Leigh Day is a UK law firm. </ref>

<ref name="anon-solicitors-journal-2025"> {{cite web | author = Anon | title = Chris Packham challenges government protest laws | date = 9 June 2025 | work = Solicitors Journal | location = Cambridge, United Kingdom | issn = 0038-1047 | url = https://www.solicitorsjournal.com/sjarticle/chris-packham-challenges-government-protest-laws | access-date = 2025-06-09 }} </ref>

<ref name="uksc-11-jun-2025"> {{cite web | author = UKSC | title = R v Hallam and others (appellants) | date = 11 June 2025 | work = UK Supreme Court (UKSC) | location = London, United Kingdom | url = https://www.supremecourt.uk/cases/uksc-2025-0096 | access-date = 2025-06-12 }} Case ID UKSC/2025/0096. "R" indicates the British state. </ref>

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{{DEFAULTSORT:Delap, Gaie}} Category:1947 births Category:Living people Category:British environmentalists Category:Quakers Category:British climate activists