{{short description|Argentine political coalition}} {{about|the political coalition which existed from 2019 to 2024|the current coalition, which AL merged into|La Libertad Avanza}} {{use dmy dates|date=August 2023}} {{Infobox political party | name = Freedom Advances | native_name = Avanza Libertad | native_name_lang = es | logo = AvanzaLibertadLogo2022.png | logo_size = 250px | colorcode = {{party color|Avanza Libertad}} | abbreviation = AL | leader = José Luis Espert<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.lanacion.com.ar/politica/elecciones-2019-quienes-son-candidatos-derecha-podrian-nid2289704/|title = Elecciones 2019: ¿quiénes son los candidatos de la derecha que podrían entrar al Congreso y cuántos puntos necesitan?|newspaper = La Nación|date = 30 September 2019|last1 = Struminger|first1 = Brenda}}</ref> | founded = {{start date|2019|6|12|df=yes}} (Frente Despertar)<br>{{Start date|2020|12|7|df=yes}} (Avanza Libertad) | dissolved = 12 March 2024 | merged = La Libertad Avanza | newspaper = Buenos Aires | ideology = {{ubl|class=nowrap| |Classical liberalism<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cronista.com/columnistas/Liberales-y-libertarios-en-la-hora-del-realismo-20190619-0063.html|title=Liberales y libertarios, en la hora del realismo|website=El Cronista|date=19 June 2019 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.lanacion.com.ar/politica/los-partidos-liberales-presentan-sus-candidaturas-de-cara-a-las-paso-nid24072021/|title = Los partidos liberales presentan sus candidaturas de cara a las PASO|newspaper = La Nación|date = 25 July 2021|last1 = Lacour|first1 = Pedro}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.lanacion.com.ar/politica/los-liberales-ratifican-su-distancia-con-cambiemos-no-hay-acercamiento-competiremos-con-ellos-afirmo-nid11032021/|title=Los liberales ratifican su distancia con Cambiemos: "No hay acercamiento, competiremos con ellos", afirmó José Luis Espert|newspaper=La Nación|date=11 March 2021|last1=Vassolo|first1=Inés Beato}}</ref> |Libertarian conservatism |Economic liberalism<ref>{{cite web|title=Referentes liberales formalizaron la presentación del Frente Despertar|url=https://www.elliberal.com.ar/noticia/491112/referentes-liberales-formalizaron-presentacion-frente-despertar|language=es-AR}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.lanacion.com.ar/politica/finalmente-jose-luis-espert-va-con-su-propia-alianza-en-la-provincia-de-buenos-aires-nid14072021/|title = Finalmente José Luis Espert va con su propia alianza en la provincia de Buenos Aires|date = 14 July 2021}}</ref><br>Libertarianism<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.clarin.com/politica/jose-luis-espert-presento-partido-libertario-lanzo-candidatura-presidencial_0_l-EmRpfFK.html|title=José Luis Espert presentó el Partido Libertario y lanzó su candidatura presidencial|website=www.clarin.com|date=23 December 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.perfil.com/bloomberg/bc-este-libertario-busca-acabar-con-la-decadencia-en-argentina.phtml|title=José Luis Espert: el libertario que busca acabar con la 'decadencia' en Argentina|first=Carolina Millan y Jonathan|last=Gilbert|date=October 8, 2020|website=Perfil.com}}{{Dead link|date=June 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> }} | position = Right-wing | national = | colours = {{color box|{{party color|Avanza Libertad}}|border=darkgray}} Blue<br>{{color box|#000000|border=darkgray}} Black | affiliation1_title = Coalition members | affiliation1 = Union of the Democratic Centre<br>Libertarian Party<br>Democratic Party<br>Autonomist Party<br>United Republicans | country = Argentina | footnotes = {{cnote|A|It included centre-right and far-right factions.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /><ref name=":2" />}} | blank1_title = Members | blank1 = {{show||Union of the Democratic Centre<ref>{{cite web|title=Presentaron oficialmente el Frente Despertar que lleva como candidato presidencial a José Luis Espert|url=https://www.infobae.com/politica/2019/06/12/presentaron-oficialmente-el-frente-despertar-que-lleva-como-candidato-presidencial-a-jose-luis-espert/|language=es-AR}}</ref><br>Unite por la Libertad y la Dignidad<ref>{{cite web|title=Espert da pelea para ser candidato, usara el mismo sello de Granata|date=25 June 2019 |url=https://www.cronista.com/economiapolitica/Espert-da-pelea-para-ser-candidato-usaria-el-mismo-sello-de-Granata-20190625-0026.html|language=es-AR}}</ref> <br> Democratic Party<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://diputadosbsas.com.ar/nota/6578/portazo_con_festejo_castello_celebro_el_pase_del_partido_democrata_al_frente_de_espert/|title=Portazo con festejo: Castello celebró el pase del Partido Demócrata al frente de Espert|website=Diputados Bonaerenses|date=13 July 2019 }}</ref><br> Autonomist Party<ref>{{cite tweet|number=1227589371253215233|user=jlespert|title=Documento firmado. Gran logro de @grcastello Este es el camino<!-- full text of tweet that Twitter returned to the bot (excluding links) added by TweetCiteBot. This may be better truncated or may need expanding (TW limits responses to 140 characters) or case changes. --> |date=12 February 2020}}</ref><br> Libertarian Party<ref>{{cite web|title=El Frente Despertar definió su lista para la ciudad|url=https://www.lateclamardelplata.com.ar/5/nota.php?nota_id=8698|language=es-AR}}</ref>}} }} '''Avanza Libertad''' ({{langx|en|Freedom Advances}}; AL), originally founded in 2019 as '''Frente Despertar''' ({{langx|en|Awakening Front}}; FD), was an Argentine right-wing political coalition. Renamed in 2020, Avanza Libertad had legal status in the Buenos Aires Province.<ref>{{cite news |title=Elecciones 2021: los principales referentes de la derecha presentaron una coalición|url=https://www.lanacion.com.ar/politica/elecciones-2021-los-principales-referentes-de-la-derecha-presentaron-una-coalicion-nid11032021/|work=La Nacion|date=10 March 2021|access-date=23 July 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=La estrategia de la nueva derecha para diferenciarse de Juntos Por el Cambio: 'El macrismo demostró no ser eficiente'|url=https://www.infobae.com/politica/2021/03/20/la-estrategia-de-la-nueva-derecha-para-diferenciarse-de-juntos-por-el-cambio-el-macrismo-demostro-no-ser-eficiente/|agency=Infobae|date=20 March 2021|access-date=23 July 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.lanacion.com.ar/politica/jose-luis-espert-dijo-que-no-descarta-postularse-a-gobernador-en-la-provincia-me-encantaria-derrotar-nid02052022/?outputType=amp | title=José Luis Espert no descarta postularse a gobernador en la Provincia: 'Me encantaría derrotar a Cristina, a Kicillof y a Máximo' | date=2 May 2022 }}</ref> Ideologically, it is libertarian conservative,<ref>{{cite web|date=16 November 2021|title=Milei y el auge global de la extrema derecha|url=https://www.tiempoar.com.ar/politica/milei-y-el-auge-global-de-la-extrema-derecha/|access-date=16 November 2021|website=Tiempo Argentino|language=es-AR}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=José Luis Espert presentó el Partido Libertario y lanzó su candidatura presidencial|url=https://www.clarin.com/politica/jose-luis-espert-presento-partido-libertario-lanzo-candidatura-presidencial_0_l-EmRpfFK.html|agency=Clarin|date=23 December 2018|access-date=16 July 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=José Luis Espert: el libertario que 'busca acabar con la decadencia en Argentina'|url=https://www.perfil.com/noticias/bloomberg/bc-este-libertario-busca-acabar-con-la-decadencia-en-argentina.phtml|agency=Perfil|date=22 February 2019|access-date=16 July 2021}}</ref> supportive of economic liberalism,<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.lanacion.com.ar/politica/jose-luis-espert-eligio-una-controvertida-palabra-para-los-sindicalistas-nid24072021/|title=José Luis Espert eligió una controvertida palabra para los sindicalistas|work=La Nación|date=July 25, 2021|via=La Nación (Argentina)}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.lanacion.com.ar/politica/jose-luis-espert-busca-un-acuerdo-nacional-con-la-fuerza-de-ricardo-lopez-murphy-nid26012022/?outputType=amp | title=José Luis Espert busca sumar a nivel nacional a la fuerza de Ricardo López Murphy | date=27 January 2022 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Liberales y libertarios, en la hora del realismo|url=https://www.cronista.com/columnistas/Liberales-y-libertarios-en-la-hora-del-realismo-20190619-0063.html|work=Cronista|date=19 June 2019|access-date=16 July 2021}}</ref> and critical of both Kirchnerism and Juntos por el Cambio.<ref>{{cite web |title='Con Juntos por el Cambio nos une el antikirchnerismo', dijo José Luis Espert |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=B9PislqicDE |access-date=2023-05-26 |language=es|date=17 May 2021|website=IP Noticias|via=YouTube}}</ref> Led by José Luis Espert,<ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.lanacion.com.ar/politica/portazo-y-sorpresa-en-pro-carolina-piparo-se-fue-con-espert-nid22072021/ | title=Portazo y sorpresa en Pro: Carolina Píparo se fue con José Luis Espert | work=La Nación|language=es|date=23 July 2021|access-date=17 August 2023 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.lanacion.com.ar/politica/cuarto-en-la-provincia-jose-luis-espert-promete-superar-a-la-izquierda-en-noviembre-nid13092021/|title=Cuarto en la provincia, José Luis Espert promete superar a la izquierda en noviembre|first=Lucila|last=Marin|work=La Nación|date=September 13, 2021|via=La Nación (Argentina)}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |title=La oposición de centroderecha derrota al peronismo en las legislativas en Argentina, según los resultados provisionales |language=es |work=BBC News Mundo |url=https://www.bbc.com/mundo/noticias-america-latina-59286104 |access-date=2023-05-21}}</ref> it included centre-right and far-right factions,<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Rajcher |first=Silvia |date=28 November 2021 |title=Los bloques políticos definen sus autoridades para los próximos dos años |url=https://www.telam.com.ar/notas/202111/576182-diputados--bloques-definen-autoridades.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220517002030/https://www.telam.com.ar/notas/202111/576182-diputados--bloques-definen-autoridades.html |archive-date=17 May 2022 |access-date=2023-05-21 |website=Télam |language=es-Ar}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=2021-11-17 |title="Los discursos de Milei y Espert son de una cierta memoria de la dictadura" |url=https://canalabierto.com.ar/2021/11/17/los-discursos-de-milei-y-espert-son-de-una-cierta-memoria-de-la-dictadura/ |access-date=2023-05-21 |website=Canal Abierto |language=es}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite web |date=2021-05-09 |title=Alberto Fernández: En Argentina se debaten dos modelos de nación |url=https://www.milenio.com/internacional/latinoamerica/alberto-fernandez-argentina-debaten-modelos-nacion |access-date=2023-05-21 |website=Grupo Milenio |language=es-MX}}</ref> with its more radical factions being compared to Spain's Vox.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Oliva |first=Ayelén |date=2021-09-15 |title=La ultraderecha que sueña con replicar a Vox avanza en Argentina |url=https://www.eldiario.es/internacional/ultraderecha-suena-replicar-vox-avanza-argentina_1_8302781.html |access-date=2023-05-21 |website=elDiario.es |language=es}}</ref>
The coalition members included the Union of the Democratic Centre,<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.lanacion.com.ar/politica/jose-luis-espert-la-misma-gente-que-en-2019-nos-decia-liberalotes-funcionales-a-los-k-ahora-nos-nid31012022/ | title=José Luis Espert: "La misma gente que en 2019 nos decía 'liberalotes', 'funcionales a los k', ahora nos quiere adentro" | date=31 January 2022 }}</ref> the Democratic Party of the City of Buenos Aires,<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.lanacion.com.ar/politica/jose-luis-espert-la-misma-gente-que-en-2019-nos-decia-liberalotes-funcionales-a-los-k-ahora-nos-nid31012022/ | title=José Luis Espert: "La misma gente que en 2019 nos decía 'liberalotes', 'funcionales a los k', ahora nos quiere adentro" | date=31 January 2022 }}</ref> the Autonomist Party,<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.lanacion.com.ar/politica/jose-luis-espert-la-misma-gente-que-en-2019-nos-decia-liberalotes-funcionales-a-los-k-ahora-nos-nid31012022/ | title=José Luis Espert: "La misma gente que en 2019 nos decía 'liberalotes', 'funcionales a los k', ahora nos quiere adentro" | date=31 January 2022 }}</ref> and the United Republicans.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.lanacion.com.ar/politica/jose-luis-espert-la-misma-gente-que-en-2019-nos-decia-liberalotes-funcionales-a-los-k-ahora-nos-nid31012022/ | title=José Luis Espert: "La misma gente que en 2019 nos decía 'liberalotes', 'funcionales a los k', ahora nos quiere adentro" | date=31 January 2022 }}</ref> Espert ran in the legislative elections with his own alliance of centre-right and right-wing parties. The presentation was made after the negotiations with the leaders of Juntos por el Cambio failed.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.lanacion.com.ar/politica/finalmente-jose-luis-espert-va-con-su-propia-alianza-en-la-provincia-de-buenos-aires-nid14072021/|title=Finalmente José Luis Espert va con su propia alianza en la provincia de Buenos Aires|work=La Nación|date=July 14, 2021|via=La Nación (Argentina)}}</ref> Previously, the alliance in the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires also included Javier Milei, who later confirmed that he would compete separately from Espert.<ref>{{Cite news|date=15 July 2021|title=Sin acuerdo con Juntos por el Cambio, José Luis Espert y Javier Milei competirán separados en las PASO|agency=Infobae|url=https://www.infobae.com/politica/2021/07/15/sin-acuerdo-con-juntos-por-el-cambio-jose-luis-espert-y-javier-milei-competiran-separados-en-las-paso/|access-date=26 July 2021}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|date=24 July 2021|title=José Luis Espert y Javier Milei presentaron listas de candidatos separadas y con sorpresas|agency=Clarín|url=https://www.clarin.com/politica/jose-luis-espert-javier-milei-presentaron-listas-candidatos-separadas-sorpresas_0_em9KxhoHR.html|access-date=26 July 2021}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|date=15 July 2021|title=Gómez Centurión y Milei se reunieron en La Biela y sellaron un acuerdo|agency=Redacción Política|url=https://www.redaccionpolitica.com.ar/ciudad/gomez-centurion-y-milei-se-reunieron-en-la-biela-y-sellaron-un-acuerdo/|access-date=26 July 2021}}</ref>
Its presidential candidate was the economist José Luis Espert, who announced on 23 December 2018 his intention to participate in the presidential elections.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.infobae.com/politica/2019/06/12/estos-son-los-siete-frentes-electorales-que-competiran-en-las-elecciones-presidenciales/|title=Estos son los frentes electorales que competirán en las elecciones presidenciales|website=Infobae.com|language=es-AR}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.infobae.com/politica/2018/12/23/el-economista-jose-luis-espert-lanzo-su-candidatura-a-presidente-argentina-es-decadente-por-el-modelo-populista/|title=El economista José Luis Espert lanzó su candidatura a presidente: "Argentina es decadente por el modelo populista"|website=infobae.com|language=es-AR}}</ref>
== History == === Frente Despertar === thumb|right|Frente Despertar logo On 11 June 2019, the coalition Frente Despertar was made official before the courts, which led to José Luis Espert, as candidate for president, and Luis Rosales, as candidate for vice president, in the 2019 Argentine general election.<ref name="Presentaron oficialmente el Frente Despertar que lleva como candidato presidencial a José Luis Espert">{{Cite news|date=12 June 2019|title=Presentaron oficialmente el Frente Despertar que lleva como candidato presidencial a José Luis Espert|agency=Infobae|url=https://www.infobae.com/politica/2019/06/12/presentaron-oficialmente-el-frente-despertar-que-lleva-como-candidato-presidencial-a-jose-luis-espert/|access-date=22 June 2021}}</ref><ref name="El periodista Luis Rosales será el candidato a vicepresidente en la fórmula de José Luis Espert">{{Cite news|date=21 June 2019|title=El periodista Luis Rosales será el candidato a vicepresidente en la fórmula de José Luis Espert|agency=A24|url=https://www.a24.com/politica/periodista-luis-rosales-sera-candidato-vicepresidente-formula-jose-luis-espert-06212019_S1Ya1cqkH|access-date=22 June 2021}}</ref> Espert had declared his intention to participate in the presidential race on 23 December 2018.<ref>{{Cite web|title=El economista José Luis Espert lanzó su candidatura a presidente: "Argentina es decadente por el modelo populista"|url=https://www.infobae.com/politica/2018/12/23/el-economista-jose-luis-espert-lanzo-su-candidatura-a-presidente-argentina-es-decadente-por-el-modelo-populista/|website=infobae.com|date=23 December 2018 }}</ref> This national alliance was made up of the Unite for Freedom and Dignity party, the Union of the Democratic Centre (UCEDE) except in the City of Buenos Aires, and some sectors of the Libertarian Party.<ref name="Todas las precandidaturas nacionales y provinciales confirmadas hasta el momento">{{Cite news|date=22 June 2019|title=Todas las precandidaturas nacionales y provinciales confirmadas hasta el momento|agency=La Nueva|url=https://www.lanueva.com/nota/2019-6-22-19-36-0-todas-las-precandidaturas-nacionales-y-provinciales-confirmadas-hasta-el-momento|access-date=22 June 2021}}</ref> In the beginning, the alliance had the support of Alberto Asseff, president of the UNIR Constitutional Nationalist Party; after a sudden change, he decided to leave the front and support Juntos por el Cambio.<ref name="Asseff: "No traicioné a nadie, me fui porque Espert es funcional a los Fernández"2">{{cite news |title=Asseff: "No traicioné a nadie, me fui porque Espert es funcional a los Fernández"|url=https://www.perfil.com/noticias/actualidad/asseff-espert-traicion-partido-unir-frente-despertar-kirchnerismo-funcional-fernandez-elecciones-2019.phtml|agency=Perfil|date=22 June 2019|access-date=22 June 2021}}</ref> This fact caused that the ex alliance was almost terminated by Assef's sudden change; due to the signing of the UNITE seal, he was able to participate in the elections a few days later.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Clarín.com|title=José Luis Espert consiguió otro sello y lo presentó en la Justicia para sostener su candidatura|url=https://www.clarin.com/politica/jose-luis-espert-consiguio-sello-presento-justicia-sostener-candidatura_0_tYc9rRG4u.html|access-date=25 June 2019|website=www.clarin.com|date=25 June 2019|language=es}}</ref>
Espert launched his electoral campaign at the Héctor Etchart stadium of the Ferro Carril Oeste club, in the Buenos Aires neighborhood of Caballito, where he was accompanied by his main candidates. There he asked to vote "neither with fear nor anger" and abandon "the crack speech".<ref name="Espert lanzó su campaña y pidió "no comprar el discurso de la grieta"">{{Cite news|date=14 July 2019|title=Espert lanzó su campaña y pidió "no comprar el discurso de la grieta"|agency=Ámbito|url=https://www.ambito.com/politica/jose-luis-espert/espert-lanzo-su-campana-y-pidio-no-comprar-el-discurso-la-grieta-n5042591|access-date=22 June 2021}}</ref>
The alliance was about to be disbanded because Alberto Asseff's party, UNIR Constitutional Nationalist Party (the only party in the alliance that met the requirements to nominate a presidential candidate), stopped supporting the front. But a few days later, UNITE backed Espert's candidacy<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.clarin.com/politica/jose-luis-espert-consiguio-sello-presento-justicia-sostener-candidatura_0_tYc9rRG4u.html|title=José Luis Espert consiguió otro sello y lo presentó en la Justicia para sostener su candidatura|accessdate=25 June 2019|last=Clarín|website=www.clarin.com|date=25 June 2019|language=es-AR}}</ref> and ended up participating in the elections.
In the primary elections, the electoral coalition obtained 2.16% of the votes, a total of 550,593 votes.<ref>{{Cite web|date=3 September 2019|title=ACORDADA EXTRAORDINARIA NÚMERO SESENTA Y UNO|url=https://www.electoral.gob.ar/nuevo/paginas/pdf/AE_61_19.pdf|website=Cámara Nacional Electoral}}</ref> Having exceeded 1.5% of the required votes, they were able to stand in the general elections. In the October elections they obtained a total of 394,206 votes, 1.47% of the votes; being, in this way, last in front of five other candidates.<ref name="resultados">{{Cite web|title=Consulta de Escrutinios Definitivos|url=https://www.padron.gob.ar/publica/|website=www.padron.gob.ar}}</ref>
Following doubts related to the financing of the 2019 Argentine presidential election campaign of the Frente Despertar and the links with the drug trafficking detainee Federico "Fred" Machado,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Fahsbender |first=Federico |date=18 April 2021 |title=La caída de 'Fred' Machado, el empresario argentino acusado de estafas millonarias y de importar cocaína a Estados Unidos |url=https://www.infobae.com/sociedad/policiales/2021/04/18/la-caida-de-fred-machado-el-empresario-argentino-acusado-de-estafas-millonarias-y-de-importar-cocaina-a-estados-unidos |access-date=7 September 2023 |website=Infobae |language=es}}</ref> Milei was denounced along with José Luis Espert; Milei did not take part to the 2019 campaign.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-09-23 |title=La nueva grieta entre Milei y Espert por su apoyo a Larreta: qué le dijo |url=https://www.cronista.com/economia-politica/La-nueva-grieta-entre-Milei-y-Espert-por-su-apoyo-a-Larreta-que-le-dijo-20190923-0011.html |access-date=2023-09-07 |website=El Cronista |language=es}}</ref> Luis Rosales, Jimena Aristizabal, and Nazareno Etchepare also entered the complaint before the Federal Criminal and Correctional Court No. 8, for the crimes of concealment and illicit association.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-04-28 |title=Denuncian a Espert por su vínculo con un empresario acusado por narcotráfico |url=https://www.perfil.com/noticias/politica/denuncian-a-jose-luis-espert-por-su-vinculo-con-un-empresario-acusado-por-narcotrafico.phtml |access-date=2023-09-07 |website=Perfil |language=es}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-05-12 |title=La justicia electoral apunta al vínculo entre Espert y un empresario narco |url=https://www.perfil.com/noticias/politica/la-justicia-electoral-apunta-al-vinculo-entre-jose-luis-espert-y-un-empresario-narco-fred-machado.phtml |access-date=2023-09-07 |website=Perfil |language=es}}</ref>
=== Avanza Libertad === In September 2020, during a live broadcast with Espert, the economist Javier Milei confirmed that he would be a candidate for deputy for the City of Buenos Aires, on behalf of the Frente Despertar.<ref name="Milei anunció que será candidato por el partido de Espert">{{Cite web|date=26 September 2020|title=Milei anunció que será candidato por el partido de Espert|url=https://www.noticiasargentinas.com.ar/argentina/milei-anuncio-que-sera-candidato-el-partido-espert-n93251|access-date=10 November 2020}}</ref> On 23 October 2020, the lawyer, Francisco Oneto also made the decision to support the space by adhering to its electoral proposals.<ref>{{Cite news|date=31 August 2020|title=El abogado Fracisco Oneto será candidato a Diputado: "Voy a ir armado al Congreso"|agency=Alt Media|url=https://altmedia.com.ar/el-abogado-fracisco-oneto-sera-candidato-a-diputado-si-gano-voy-a-ir-armado-al-congreso/|access-date=22 June 2021|archive-date=7 March 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210307144637/https://altmedia.com.ar/el-abogado-fracisco-oneto-sera-candidato-a-diputado-si-gano-voy-a-ir-armado-al-congreso/|url-status=dead}}</ref>
On 10 March 2021, a meeting was held between the main referents of the Autonomist Party, the Democratic Party, the UCEDE, United Republicans, the Republican Liberal Party, and Valores para mi País for the formation of an electoral coalition called as Frente Vamos, whose objective was to compete in the 2021 Argentine legislative election.<ref name="Con Milei, Espert y López Murphy, los liberales anunciaron un acuerdo electoral que puede restarle votos a Juntos por el Cambio">{{Cite news|date=11 March 2021|title=Con Milei, Espert y López Murphy, los liberales anunciaron un acuerdo electoral que puede restarle votos a Juntos por el Cambio|agency=Infobae|url=https://www.infobae.com/politica/2021/03/11/con-milei-espert-y-lopez-murphy-los-liberales-anuncian-un-acuerdo-electoral-que-puede-restarle-votos-a-juntos-por-el-cambio/|access-date=22 June 2021}}</ref> Soon after, José Antonio Romero Feris, president of the Autonomist Party, announced that he would not participate in any electoral alliance that "divides the opposition political arc".<ref name=""Vamos", el frente de los liberales que quedó trunco antes de nacer">{{Cite news|date=14 April 2021|title="Vamos", el frente de los liberales que quedó trunco antes de nacer|agency=Perfil|url=https://www.perfil.com/noticias/politica/vamos-el-frente-de-los-liberales-que-quedo-trunco-antes-de-nacer.phtml|access-date=22 June 2021}}</ref>
In June 2021, Espert proposed a broad opposition front against the government of Axel Kicillof in the province of Buenos Aires for the 2021 legislative election, and that it would include anti-Kirchnerist sectors like Juntos por el Cambio.<ref name="Espert envía un guiño a JxC y propone "hacer una gran PASO entre los opositores para ir contra Kicillof"">{{Cite news|date=3 June 2021|title=Espert envía un guiño a JxC y propone "hacer una gran PASO entre los opositores para ir contra Kicillof"|agency=Diagonales|url=https://diagonales.com/contenido/espert-enva-un-guio-a-jxc-y-propone-hacer-una-gran-paso-entre-los-opositores-para-ir-contra-kicillof/26091|access-date=22 June 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=PorRicardo Carpena|first= |title=Se derrumbó el sueño de la "pata liberal" de Juntos por el Cambio: José Luis Espert competirá desde una alianza propia en territorio bonaerense|url=https://www.infobae.com/politica/2021/07/13/se-derrumbo-el-sueno-de-la-pata-liberal-de-juntos-por-el-cambio-jose-luis-espert-competira-desde-una-alianza-propia-en-territorio-bonaerense/|access-date=2021-07-14|website=infobae|date=13 July 2021 |language=es-ES}}</ref>
==== 2021 legislative election ==== On 14 July 2021, the closing day for the presentation of alliances for the legislative elections of 2021, the Avanza Libertad coalition was made official with parties from the Argentine political centre-right sector in the province of Buenos Aires. The UCEDE, the Democratic Party, and the Autonomist Party took part in the coalition, in addition to political groups in the province, such as United Republicans and the Republican Libertarian Movement.<ref name="Espert logra unir al liberalismo en Provincia de Buenos Aires por fuera de Juntos por el Cambio">{{Cite news|date=15 July 2021|title=Espert logra unir al liberalismo en Provincia de Buenos Aires por fuera de Juntos por el Cambio|agency=La Derecha Diario|url=https://derechadiario.com.ar/argentina/espert-logra-unir-al-liberalismo-en-provincia-de-buenos-aires-por-fuera-de-juntos-por-el-cambio|access-date=15 July 2021}}</ref>
== Electoral platform == The electoral platform of Avanza Libertad has fourteen proposals.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://avanzalibertad.com/sebuhupt/2020/07/Plataforma-Electoral-Avanza-Libertad-2021.pdf|title=Plataforma Electoral de Avanza Libertad}}</ref> They were announced in conjunction with Espert's candidacy and published on the coalition's website, where they were developed more broadly.<ref>{{Cite web|title=PROPUESTAS {{!}} Frente Despertar|url=https://www.frentedespertar.com/about|access-date=21 July 2019|website=Despertar|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191104051827/https://www.frentedespertar.com/about|archive-date=2019-11-04|language=es}}</ref>
# Eliminate or reduce to a very low and uniform minimum import tariffs. # Sign free trade agreements with all regions or countries that wish to access the local market. # Eliminate export taxes (retentions). # Reduce public spending. # Focus attention on the most vulnerable sectors. # Transform social plans into in-kind disbursements (community kitchens, health and education plans, etc.). # Lower the tax burden, including the elimination of certain taxes and the reduction of others. # Keep fiscal accounts balanced. # Reduce the expenses of the political apparatus. # End the partnership and propose a political regionalization of the provinces in order to obtain jurisdictions that are self-financing. # Eliminate all industrial and regional promotion regimes. # Reforms within syndicalism and collective bargaining agreements. # Reform the educational system. # Reform the Penal Code and Criminal Procedure of the Nation, imposing sentences of effective compliance and eliminating constitutional guarantees that favor criminals.
== Controversies == Various journalistic media and referents of Argentine economic liberalism criticized the alleged financing by Kirchnerism of the 2019 Argentine general election campaign of the Despertar Front for which its campaign manager, the former member of the Civic Coalition ARI, Nazareno Etchepare, would have resigned. Luis Rosales forcefully denied all the accusations.<ref name="auto">{{Cite web|last=Clarín.com|date=2019-08-19|title=José Luis Espert cambió de jefe de campaña en medio de acusaciones de financiación K|url=https://www.clarin.com/politica/jose-luis-espert-cambio-jefe-campana-medio-acusaciones-financiacion-k_0__3txM14-8.html|access-date=2021-01-18|website=www.clarin.com|language=es}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Problemas para Espert: su jefe de campaña renunció al descubrir que reciben plata del kirchnerismo|url=https://www.iprofesional.com/politica/298252-problemas-para-espert-su-jefe-de-campana-renuncio-porque-recibirian-plata-k|access-date=2021-01-18|website=www.iprofesional.com |date=20 August 2019 |language=es}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=InfoVeloz.com|title=Renunció el jefe de campaña de José Luis Espert: acusa al candidato de financiarse con plata del kirchnerismo|url=https://www.infoveloz.com/post/renuncio-el-jefe-de-campana-de-jose-luis-espert-acusa-al-candidato-de-financiarse-con-plata-del-kirchnerismo_190265|access-date=2021-01-18|website=InfoVeloz.com|language=es}}</ref> In turn, an alleged collaboration by Kirchnerism in the control of the ballots during the elections came to light and so that the front could print its ballots in the province of Buenos Aires glued to its local candidates.<ref>{{Cite web|last=LPO|title=El kirchnerismo empuja una denuncia contra un juez que perjudicó a Espert|url=https://www.lapoliticaonline.com.ar/nota/120771-el-kirchnerismo-empuja-una-denuncia-contra-un-juez-que-perjudico-a-espert/|access-date=2021-05-31|website=www.lapoliticaonline.com.ar|language=es-ar}}</ref>
In August 2020, the journalist Eduardo Feinmann revived these accusations on his television program and social networks, stating that Espert's candidacy was promoted by the former president and political shipowner Eduardo Duhalde,<ref>{{Cite web|last=Cuarto|date=2019-02-04|title=Con venia "U" {{!}} Duhalde se reunió con José Luis Espert y Alfredo Olmedo para ampliar Alternativa Federal|url=http://www.cuarto.com.ar/con-venia-u-duhalde-se-reunio-con-jose-luis-espert-y-alfredo-olmedo-para-ampliar-alternativa-federal/|access-date=2021-01-18|website=Cuarto|language=es}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Feinmann volvió a la carga contra Espert y contó supuestas "cosas que no se saben" del economista|url=https://es-us.finanzas.yahoo.com/noticias/feinmann-volvi%C3%B3-carga-espert-cont%C3%B3-225300373.html|access-date=2021-01-18|website=es-us.finanzas.yahoo.com|language=es-US|archive-date=24 November 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211124080545/https://es-us.finanzas.yahoo.com/noticias/feinmann-volvi%C3%B3-carga-espert-cont%C3%B3-225300373.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> that it was financed by Eduardo de Pedro and mayors of the suburbs and later by the head of government Horacio Rodríguez Larreta. This last statement was confirmed by the former first candidate for Buenos Aires legislator linked to the convicted former minister Julio de Vido,<ref>{{Cite web|title=Vinculan a un candidato de Espert con De Vido|url=https://www.letrap.com.ar/nota/2019-9-27-17-46-0-vinculan-a-un-candidato-de-espert-con-de-vido|access-date=2021-01-18|website=Letra P|language=es}}</ref> Gonzalo Díaz Córdoba,<ref>{{Cite web|date=21 May 2020|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pf_wyiTFHf4|url-status=dead|title=Gonzalo Díaz Córdoba admite haber recibido de Larreta fondos para financiar campaña de Espert|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200628000629/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pf_wyiTFHf4|archive-date=28 June 2020|website=Horas TV|via=YouTube}}</ref><!--<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ar.linkedin.com/public-profile/in/gonzalo-d%C3%ADaz-c%C3%B3rdoba-a643031a?challengeId=AQEgttKYxHWQyAAAAXcX514dhidOIk4n4tVIF32nYRNN1--7DLjcrdeo0zNrwXN8EgADg1KGEKnyqjKi_gcxV5qIbx3FQWCZbw&submissionId=3e82ca17-7e78-5b16-e537-c4faad7fc619|title=Linkedin de Gonzalo Díaz Córdoba}}</ref>--> who was appointed in 2020 by the Buenos Aires government as trustee of the Puerto Madero Corporation.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Popular|first=Revolución|title=*Escandaloso* Revelan que Larreta habría pagado la campaña de José Luis Espert|url=https://www.revolucionpopular.com/politica/-escandaloso--revelan-que-larreta-habria-pagado-la-campana-de-jose-luis-espert_a5ec66d49f7fbd03b38b78267|access-date=2021-01-18|website=Revolución Popular|date=21 May 2020 |language=es}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Druetta|first=Eugenio|date=2020-05-21|title='Confesión' y denuncias en una teleconferencia liberal del jefe de campaña de Espert contra su partido y Larreta|url=https://www.perfil.com/politica/confesion-denuncias-teleconferencia-liberal-jefe-campana-jose-luis-espert-contrasu-partido-horacio-rodriguez-larreta.phtml|access-date=2021-01-18|website=Perfil.com|language=es}}{{Dead link|date=September 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-05-21|title=El jefe de campaña de Espert confesó que Larreta los financió y explotaron las redes|url=https://www.lanoticiaweb.com.ar/168734/el-jefe-de-campana-de-espert-confeso-que-larreta-los-financio-y-explotaron-las-redes/|access-date=2021-01-18|website=La Noticia Web|language=es}}</ref> The economist Diego Giacomini, who accompanied Espert during the first part of his 2019 campaign, and the musician Emmanuel Danann, also confirmed the previous accusations,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5dxBirB49co|title=Giacomini cuenta quién financió a Espert en 2019 💰|website=Canal 22|date=31 December 2020 |via=YouTube}}</ref> indicating that Espert would have been promoted by Eduardo Duhalde and Carlos Menem to subtract votes from Mauricio Macri's camp and allow the Frente de Todos to reach the ballot.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-12-17|title=La hora de los libertarios: Internas, exabruptos, encuestas y la preocupación de JxC|url=https://urgente24.com/medios/exclusivo-24/la-hora-de-los-libertarios-internas-exabruptos-encuestas-y-la-preocupacion-de}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Intransigente|first=El|date=2020-12-17|title=¡Eduardo Feinmann y el video más comprometedor!: "Un amigo de verdad nunca te suelta la mano"|url=https://elintransigente.com/2020/12/eduardo-feinmann-y-el-video-mas-comprometedor-un-amigo-de-verdad-nunca-te-suelta-la-mano/|access-date=2021-01-18|website=El Intransigente|language=es|archive-date=15 January 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210115215530/https://elintransigente.com/2020/12/eduardo-feinmann-y-el-video-mas-comprometedor-un-amigo-de-verdad-nunca-te-suelta-la-mano/|url-status=dead}}</ref>
The Despertar Front was also accused of having rented the parties presided over by Alberto Assef (UNIR) and José Bonacci (UNITE) in exchange for money.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Kollmann|first=Raúl|date=1 July 2019|title=Los kioscos de Espert {{!}} Las maniobras detrás de los partidos que rodean al economista|url=https://www.pagina12.com.ar/203469-los-kioscos-de-espert|access-date=2021-01-18|website=PAGINA12}}</ref><ref name="auto" /> Although the financing reports of the Frente Despertar campaign did not declare private contributions, it is suspected that the campaign was financed by Federico "Fred" Machado, a businessman arrested for crimes of illicit association for the manufacture and distribution of cocaine, money laundering, and fraud.<ref>{{Cite web|title=La caída de "Fred" Machado, el empresario argentino acusado de estafas millonarias y de importar cocaína a Estados Unidos|url=https://www.infobae.com/sociedad/policiales/2021/04/18/la-caida-de-fred-machado-el-empresario-argentino-acusado-de-estafas-millonarias-y-de-importar-cocaina-a-estados-unidos/|access-date=2021-05-31|website=infobae|date=18 April 2021 |language=es-ES}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-05-12|title=La justicia electoral apunta al vínculo entre Espert y un empresario narco|url=https://www.perfil.com/noticias/politica/la-justicia-electoral-apunta-al-vinculo-entre-jose-luis-espert-y-un-empresario-narco-fred-machado.phtml|access-date=2021-05-31|website=Perfil|language=es}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Noticias {{!}} Quién es el hombre de negocios detrás de la candidatura de Espert|url=https://noticias.perfil.com/noticias/politica/2019-08-08-quien-es-el-hombre-de-negocios-detras-de-la-candidatura-de-espert.phtml|access-date=2021-05-31|website=noticias.perfil.com}}</ref> It was also argued that the campaign received contributions from the governor of the province of Formosa, Gildo Insfrán, and the late banker Jorge Horacio Brito, thanks to the link between Sergio Massa and Daniel Ivoskus.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Una partida de ajedrez sin reglas - LA NACION|journal=La Nación|language=es-AR|agency=La Nación|url=https://www.lanacion.com.ar/politica/una-partida-de-ajedrez-sin-reglas-nid08042021/|access-date=2021-05-31|issn=0325-0946}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Formosa|first=Gobierno de la Provincia de|title=Insfrán recibió al economista Espert|url=https://www.formosa.gob.ar/noticia/23720/12/insfran_recibio_al_economista_espert|access-date=2021-05-31|website=www.formosa.gob.ar}}</ref> Finally, it was said that Daniel Vila, president of Grupo América, supported Espert's candidacy.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Clarín.com|date=2019-06-24|title=El fuerte cruce entre Luis Novaresio y Alberto Assef, el candidato que abandonó a Luis Espert y se fue con el Gobierno|url=https://www.clarin.com/politica/fuerte-cruce-luis-novaresio-alberto-assef-candidato-abandono-luis-espert-gobierno_0_72DZMDYD9.html|access-date=2021-05-31|website=www.clarin.com|language=es}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-06-22|title=Las jugadas de Daniel Vila contra Macri|url=https://elcanciller.com/las-jugadas-de-daniel-vila-contra-macri/|access-date=2021-05-31|website=El Canciller|language=es}}</ref> As a result of the doubts related to the financing of the presidential campaign of the ex-Frente Despertar in 2019 and the ties with Machado, Espert was denounced along with Rosales, Milei, Jimena Aristizabal, and Nazareno Etchepare, before the Federal Criminal and Correctional Court No. 8, for the crimes of concealment and illicit association.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-04-28|title=Denuncian a Espert por su vínculo con un empresario acusado por narcotráfico|url=https://www.perfil.com/noticias/politica/denuncian-a-jose-luis-espert-por-su-vinculo-con-un-empresario-acusado-por-narcotrafico.phtml|access-date=2021-05-31|website=Perfil|language=es}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.perfil.com/noticias/politica/la-justicia-electoral-apunta-al-vinculo-entre-jose-luis-espert-y-un-empresario-narco-fred-machado.phtml|title=La justicia electoral apunta al vínculo entre Espert y un empresario narco|date=May 12, 2021|website=Perfil}}</ref>
== Member parties == {|class="wikitable sortable" style="font-size:95%" !colspan="2"|Party !President !Ideology !Position |- |bgcolor="#6495ED"| |Union of the Democratic Centre |Hugo Bontempo |Classical liberalism |Right-wing |- |bgcolor="#005C9E"| |Democratic Party of the City of Buenos Aires (left in 2022) |Carlos Nestor Onteiro (interventor)<ref>{{Cite web|title=➤ Elecciones 2021: Espert no arregló con JxC y va con su propia alianza en la provincia de Buenos Aires - El Economista|url=https://eleconomista.com.ar/2021-07-elecciones-2021-espert-no-arreglo-con-jxc-y-va-con-su-propia-alianza-en-la-provincia/|access-date=2021-08-29|language=es-AR}}</ref> |Conservative liberalism |Centre-right |- |bgcolor={{party colour|Libertarian Party (Argentina)}}| |Libertarian Party (left in 2021) |Lucas Gazzotti |Libertarian conservatism |Right-wing |- |bgcolor="#30D5C8"| |Autonomist Party |José Romero Feris |Autonomism |Centre-right |- |bgcolor="#651F7A"| |United Republicans |Sebastián "Vasco" Pascual |Liberalism |Right-wing |- |bgcolor="#1492c0"| |Republican Libertarian Movement |Luciano Silva |Liberalism |Centre-right |- |bgcolor="#b02925"| |Popular Dignity |Ernesto Raúl Habra |Neo-Nazism<ref name="DP">{{Cite web|date=6 July 2021|title=Las 13 consignas políticas de la extrema derecha de Mendoza|url=https://www.memo.com.ar/runrunes/frente-patriota-alejandro-biondini-mendoza/|website=Memo}}</ref> |Far-right |- |bgcolor="#5E5E5E"| |Alternative Plural Encounter |Andrés Resa |Federal Peronism<ref>{{Cite news|title="Avanza Libertad es la única fuerza que habla de renovación"|agency=Diario Pergamino|url=http://www.diariopergamino.com.ar/avanza-libertad-es-la-unica-fuerza-que-habla-de-renovacion/|access-date=10 October 2021}}</ref> |Right-wing |}
== Electoral results == === Presidential elections === {|class="wikitable" !rowspan="2"|Year !colspan="2"|Ticket !colspan="2"|Primary !colspan="2"|First round !colspan="2"|Result !rowspan="2"|Notes |- !President !Vice President !Votes !% !Votes !% !rowspan="2"| !Position |- !2019 |José Luis Espert |Luis Rosales |550.593 |{{percentage bar|2.16||hex=54AFE6}} |394,206 |{{percentage bar|1.47||hex=54AFE6}} |6th | |}
=== National Congress elections ===
==== Chamber of Deputies ==== {| class="wikitable" |+ !Year !Votes !% !Seats won !Total seats |- |2019 |113,812 |{{percentage bar|0.44|0.44%|hex=54AFE6}} |{{composition bar|0|130|0|hex=#54AFE6}} |{{composition bar|0|257|0|hex=#54AFE6}} |}
==== Senate ==== {| class="wikitable" |+ !Year !Votes !% !Seats won !Total seats |- |2019 |38,970 |{{percentage bar|0.69|0.69%|hex=54AFE6}} |{{composition bar|0|24|0|hex=#54AFE6}} |{{composition bar|0|72|0|hex=#54AFE6}} |}
=== National Deputies for the Province of Buenos Aires === {|class="wikitable" |+ !rowspan="2"|Year !colspan="2"|Primary !colspan="2"|General !colspan="2"|Seats !rowspan="2"|Position |- !Votes !% !Votes !% !Obtained !Total |- !2021 |417.858 |{{percentage bar|5.10||hex=4E66AD}} |656.487 |{{percentage bar|7.5||hex=4E66AD}} |{{composition bar|2|35|#4E66AD}} |{{composition bar|2|70|#4E66AD}} |3º |}
=== Deputies of the Province of Buenos Aires === {|class="wikitable" !rowspan="2"|Year !rowspan="2"|Votes !rowspan="2"|% !colspan="2"|Seats !rowspan="2"|Position |- !Obtained !Total |- !2021 |288.536 | |{{composition bar|3|46|#4E66AD}} |{{composition bar|3|92|#4E66AD}} |3rd |}
=== Senate of the Province of Buenos Aires === {|class="wikitable" !rowspan="2"|Year !rowspan="2"|Votes !rowspan="2"|% !colspan="2"|Seats !rowspan="2"|Position |- !Obtained !Total |- !2021 |334.228 | |{{composition bar|0|23|#307fe2}} |{{composition bar|0|46|#307fe2}} |3rd |}
== See also == * Anarcho-capitalism * Right-libertarianism
== References == {{reflist}}
== External links == * [https://avanzalibertad.com/ Official website of Avanza Libertad] (in Spanish) * [https://espert.com.ar/ Official website of José Luis Espert] (in Spanish) * [https://web.archive.org/web/20190612135051/https://www.frentedespertar.com/ Official website of Frente Despertar] (in Spanish) * [https://www.parlamentario.com/2020/10/27/espert-sumo-al-partido-anticorrupcion/ Espert about the party] at Parliamentario.com (in Spanish)
Category:2019 in Argentina Category:Defunct political party alliances in Argentina Category:Defunct right-wing political party alliances Category:Libertarian parties in Argentina Category:Political parties established in 2019 Category:Political parties disestablished in 2023