{{Short description|Calendar era used in Fascist Italy}} {{Redirect|Fascist Era|other uses|Fascist Italy|and|Italian Social Republic}} {{Use dmy dates|date=October 2023}} The '''''Era Fascista''''' 'Fascist Era' was a calendar era (year numbering) used in Fascist Italy. Day 1 of ''Anno I'' of the ''Era Fascista'' is 29 October 1922, when Mussolini became prime minister after the March on Rome. The calendar was introduced in 1926 and became official in ''Anno V'' (1927).<ref>Edgardo Baldi, Aldo Cerchiari, ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=E8h4oAEACAAJ Enciclopedia moderna italiana]'', p. 1306</ref> Each year of the ''Era Fascista'' (E.F.) was an '''''Anno Fascista''''' (A.F.).<ref>Adriano Cappelli, ''Cronologia, cronografia e calendario perpetuo'', Hoepli, 1998, p. 131</ref><ref>Matthew Kneale, ''Rome: A History in Seven Sackings'', Simon and Schuster, 2018, p. 296</ref>
The ''Era Fascista'' calendar was inspired by the French Republican calendar.<ref>Philip V. Cannistraro, "Mussolini's cultural revolution: fascist or nationalist?" in Roger Griffin, Matthew Feldman, eds., ''Fascism: Fascism and Culture'' in ''Fascism: Critical Concept in Political Science'' '''3''':194, {{isbn|041529018X}}</ref>
''Era Fascista'' dates often consisted of the Gregorian date followed by the corresponding ''Era Fascista'' year in Roman numerals, as part of Fascist propaganda's appropriation of ancient Roman iconography. The ''Era Fascista'' year was sometimes written as "''Anno XIX''", "''A. XIX''", or marked "''E.F.''"<ref>Catherine E. Paul, ''Fascist Directive: Ezra Pound and Italian Cultural Nationalism'', 2016, {{isbn|9781942954057}}, p. 114</ref> The calendar was intended to replace the "bourgeois" Gregorian calendar in Italian public life to the extent that, in 1939, newspapers were forbidden to write about New Year's Day.<ref>Simonetta Falasca-Zamponi, ''Fascist Spectacle: The Aesthetics of Power in Mussolini's Italy'', 2000, {{isbn|0520226771}}, p. 105</ref>
The tenth anniversary of the March on Rome, ''Anno X'', was called the ''Decennale'' (evoking the ancient Roman ''Decennalia''). The propaganda centerpiece of ''Anno X'' was the Exhibition of the Fascist Revolution.<ref>B. Painter, ''Mussolini's Rome: Rebuilding the Eternal City'', {{isbn|1403976910}}, 2016, p. 26</ref>
The calendar was abandoned in most of Italy with the fall of the Fascist regime in 1943 (''Anno XXI''), but continued to be used in the rump Republic of Salò until the death of Mussolini in April 1945 (''Anno XXIII'').<ref>Paolo Monelli, ''Mussolini: An Intimate Life'', 1953, p. 288</ref>
Many monuments in Italy still bear ''Era Fascista'' dates.
<gallery> Italia, 20 lire di vittorio emanuele III, 1928.JPG|A Fascist-period 20 Italian lire coin (1928), dated ''MCMXXVIII A.VI'' Sonnenuhr auf der Rückwand des Rathauses in Cavalese.jpg|A sun dial in Cavalese, Trento, dated ''MCMXXXIX XVII E F'' Teatro di Marcello, anno VII EF P1140343.jpg|A plaque with fasces on the Theatre of Marcellus, dated ''A. VII E.F.'' Fjalori i Gazullit, kapak.jpg|Cover of Nikollë Gazulli's dictionary during fascist rule in Albania, dated ''1942-XX'' L’Italia nei mari ( ‘Italy in the seas’.).webp|A postcard by Ardengo Soffici, dated ''1929. VII'' </gallery>
==References== {{reflist}}
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{{DISPLAYTITLE:''Era Fascista''}} Category:Calendar eras Category:Italian fascism Category:Fascist propaganda Category:1926 establishments in Italy Category:1943 disestablishments in Italy Category:1926 introductions