{{Short description|Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens}} {{Infobox gene}} '''Fanconi Anemia Opposite Strand Transcript protein''' is a predicted protein that in humans is encoded by the FANCD2OS gene.<ref name="entrez"/> The name is derived from mRNA transcribed from the strand complementary to the FANCD2 gene.
==Gene== The gene is encoded on Chromosome 3 (human) at p25.3 on the minus strand from 10081320-10108339nt. The primary transcript is 1105nt which codes for a protein of 177 amino acid in length.<ref name="NCBI Protein"/> The gene on the strand complementary to FANCD2 located 5' from CYCSP11 and 3’ from BRK1 and VHL genes.<ref name="entrez"/>
=== mRNA === There are six alternatively spliced transcripts with differences in the 5' and 3' ends as well changes in exon usage.<ref name="AceView"/> The most common isoform is 1105 bp.<ref name="NCBI Nucleotide NM_173472.1">{{cite web|title=Homo sapiens FANCD2 opposite strand (FANCD2OS), transcript variant 1, mRNA|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_173472.1|website=NCBI Nucleotide|publisher=NCBI|accessdate=19 April 2016}}</ref>
=== Promoter Region === The promoter region predicted by the Genomatix El Dorado algorithm spans from 10108742-10108009 bp. Promoters are associated with a wide variety of tissues including B-lymphocytes, germ cells, muscle, neurons & prostate.
=== Regulatory === Secondary structure of the 5’ UTR sequence conserved between humans and gibbon contain sequence recognized by to RBMX, Ras & Rab proteins. The sequence for the secondary structure of the 3’ UTR are recognized by EIF4B and RBMX.
== Expression == FANCD2OS is moderately expressed in the human brain, placenta and testes.<ref name="GEO GDS592"/>
== Evolutionary History ==
===Protein sequence=== The protein from the longest transcript is 177AA in length with a mass of 20188.59kD. The protein consists of a domain of unknown function from the DUF4563 superfamily.<ref name="DUF4563"/>
===Orthologs=== Orthologs of FANCD2OS exist throughout mammals, reptiles, birds and in the cartilaginous fish Australian ghostshark.<ref name="homologene"/> The protein sequence undergoes mutation at a rate similar to the blood protein fibrinogen.
{| class="wikitable" |- ! Species !! Common name !! NCBI accession !! Identity !! similarity !! E-value |- | ''Pongo abelii'' || Sumatran orangutan || [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/XP_003776240.1 XP_003776240.1] || 98.9 || 99.4 || 1.21E-133 |- | ''Cricetulus griseus'' || Chinese hamster || [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/XP_003511850.1 XP_003511850.1] || 73.6 || 80.9 || 1.56E-95 |- | ''Ovis aries'' || Sheep || [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/XP_004018322.1 XP_004018322.1] || 97.2 || 98.3 || 6.79E-131 |- | ''Leptonychotes weddellii'' || Weddell seal || [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/XP_006739055.1 XP_006739055.1] || 96.6 || 98.3 || 5.13E-130 |- | ''Condylura cristata'' || Star-nosed mole || [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/XP_004692437.1 XP_004692437.1] || 91.0 || 95.5 || 3.01E-123 |- | ''Orcinus orca'' || Killer whale || [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/XP_004286877.2 XP_004286877.2] || 88.1 || 92.3 || 1.05E-90 |- | ''Trichechus manatus latirostris'' || Florida manatee || [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/XP_004368376.1 XP_004368376.1] || 96.6 || 98.9 || 9.95E-131 |- | ''Alligator mississippiensis'' || American alligator || [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/XP_014457972.1 XP_014457972.1] || 69.3 || 88.6 || 1.40E-48 |- | ''Chrysemys picta bellii'' || Painted turtle || [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/XP_005307285.1 XP_005307285.1] || 58.3 || 75 || 2.18E-78 |- | ''Gekko japonicus'' || Schlegel's Japanese gecko || [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/XP_015261231.1 XP_015261231.1] || 56.5 || 72.3 || 4.39E-74 |- | ''Thamnophis sirtalis'' || Common garter snake || [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/XP_013914711.1 XP_013914711.1] || 55.9 || 69.5 || 2.75E-69 |- | ''Xenopus laevis'' || African clawed frog || [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/NP_001088778.1 NP_001088778.1] || 55.4 || 71.2 || 1.98E-68 |- | ''Xenopus tropicalis'' || Western clawed frog || [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/NP_001090717.1 NP_001090717.1] || 52 || 71.2 || 3.57E-65 |- | ''Callorhinchus milii'' || Australian ghostshark || [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/XP_007888744.1 XP_007888744.1] || 39.9 || 56.8 || 5.67E-43
|}
=== Paralogs === FANCD2OS has no known paralogs in ''Homo sapiens''.
==References== <ref name="NCBI Protein">{{cite web|title=FANCD2 opposite strand protein|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/27735041|publisher=NCBI|accessdate=2 May 2016}}</ref> <ref name="entrez">{{cite web|title=Entrez Gene - FANCD2OS FANCD2 opposite strand Homo sapiens|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/115795|accessdate=6 February 2016}}</ref> <ref name="homologene">{{cite web|title=Homologene: FANCD2OS|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/homologene?LinkName=nuccore_homologene&from_uid=27735040|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241214042536/https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/datasets/gene/|url-status=dead|archive-date=December 14, 2024|accessdate=6 February 2016}}</ref> <ref name="AceView">{{cite web|title=AceView C3orf24|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/IEB/Research/Acembly/av.cgi?db=human&c=gene&q=C3orf24&a=fmol&h=1&vr=v73a|publisher=NCBI|accessdate=2 May 2016}}</ref> <ref name="DUF4563">{{cite web|title=Conserved Protein Domain Family DUF4563|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Structure/cdd/cddsrv.cgi|publisher=NCBI|accessdate=2 May 2016}}</ref> <ref name="GEO GDS592">{{cite web|title=NCBI - GDS592 / gnf1m17159_at / Fancd2os|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/tools/profileGraph.cgi?ID=GDS592:gnf1m17159_at|publisher=NCBI|accessdate=15 Mar 2016}}</ref> {{Reflist}}
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