{{Short description|Rural locality in Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast, Ukraine}} {{Use dmy dates|date=February 2021}} {{Infobox settlement | official_name = Deliatyn | native_name = Делятин | native_name_lang = uk | other_name = | settlement_type = Rural settlement | established_title = Founded | established_date = 1400 | population_total = 8000 | population_as_of = 2024 | subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = {{UKR}} | subdivision_type1 = Oblast | subdivision_name1 = Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast | subdivision_type2 = Raion | subdivision_name2 = Nadvirna Raion | coordinates = {{coord|48|31|43|N|24|37|25|E|scale:30000|display=inline,title}} | pushpin_map = Ukraine Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast#Ukraine | image_flag = Deliatyn flag.png | flag_alt = | image_skyline = Костел Делятин 3.jpg | seal_alt = | image_shield = Coat of Arms of Deliatyn.svg | shield_alt = | name = | subdivision_type3 = Hromada | subdivision_name3 = Deliatyn settlement hromada }} '''Deliatyn''' ({{langx|uk|Делятин}}, {{IPA|uk|deˈlʲɑtɪn|pron}}; {{langx|pl|Delatyn}}), is a rural settlement in Nadvirna Raion, Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast, Ukraine. It is located {{Convert|101|km|mi|abbr=off|sp=us}} west of Chernivtsi and {{Convert|294.6|mi|km|abbr=off|sp=us}} west-southwest of Kyiv.<ref name="shtetl">[https://kehilalinks.jewishgen.org/delyatin/delatn.asp Shtetl Delatyn]</ref> Together with Yaremche and Lanchyn it is part of a small agglomeration that runs along the Prut River valley between the Carpathian Mountains. Deliatyn hosts the administration of Deliatyn settlement hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine.<ref name="admreform_2020_deliatyn">{{cite web |title=Делятинская громада |url=https://gromada.info/ru/obschina/delyatynska/ |publisher=Портал об'єднаних громад України |language=ru}}</ref> The population is {{Ua-pop-est2022|8,213|.}}

Deliatyn is first mentioned in documents on 9 March 1400. In 1554 Deliatyn received the status of a city, and from 1579 the status of a city with Magdeburg rights.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|title=Deliatyn urban-type settlement site 🏠 {{!}} Nadvirna Raion {{!}} Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast {{!}} Ukraine|url=https://mistaua.com/%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%97%D0%BD%D0%B0/%D0%86%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE-%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%B2%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8C/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B2%D1%96%D1%80%D0%BD%D1%8F%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BE%D0%BD/%D0%94%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD|website=mistaua.com|accessdate=2022-12-31|language=uk}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite web|title=Deliatyn. Map of historical and cultural heritage - Shtetl Routes - Theater NN|url=https://shtetlroutes.eu/uk/delyatin-cultural-heritage-card/|website=shtetlroutes.eu|accessdate=2022-12-30|language=uk}}</ref> The economic basis for the development of Deliatyn was the extraction of salt and salt production.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web|title=Deliatyn - guidebook - Shtetl Routes - Theater NN|url=https://shtetlroutes.eu/uk/delyatin-putvnik/|website=shtetlroutes.eu|accessdate=2022-12-31|language=uk}}</ref>

In 1940 it received the status of an urban-type settlement,<ref name="autogenerated22">Deliatin // Ukrainian Soviet Encyclopedia. volume 3. Kyiv, "Ukrainian Soviet Encyclopedia", 1980. p. 297</ref> and on 13 November 1940, it entered the {{ill|Yaremcha Raion|uk|Яремчанський район|display=1}}.<ref name="autogenerated3">Deliatin // Great Soviet Encyclopedia. / Red coll., ch. ed. B. A. Vvedenskyi. 2nd edition volume 13. M., State scientific publishing house "Great Soviet Encyclopedia", 1952. p.647</ref> From 30 December 1962, it was part of the Bohorodchany Raion, but Deliatyn was assigned to the Nadvirna Raion.<ref name="autogenerated2">Делятін // Українська Радянська Енциклопедія. том 3. Київ, "Українська Радянська енциклопедія", 1980. стор.297</ref> On 17 August 2017, it became the center of the Deliatyn settlement hromada.<ref name=":5">{{Cite web|title=Deliatyn Hromada - welcome to the official website|url=https://delyatynska-gromada.gov.ua/|website=delyatynska-gromada.gov.ua|accessdate=2022-12-31}}</ref>

==Name== The name of the town had different forms over the centuries: '''Daliatyn''' (1400—1440), '''Deliatyn''' (1440—1960, 1990), '''Diliatyn''<ref>[https://uk.wikisource.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE_%D1%83%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8F_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%83%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8C_%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%89_%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BF%D1%83_%D0%9E%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%8F_%D1%96_%D0%94%D1%96%D0%BB%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D0%86%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE-%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%B2%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%97_%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D1%96 About specification of names of settlements of urban type of Otynia and Diliatyn of the Ivano-Frankivsk oblast]</ref>''''' (1961— 2 October 1989).<ref name=":4">{{Cite web|title=Restoring the historical justice of the name of the town of Deliatyn|url=http://volya.if.ua/2012/10/vidnovlennya-istorychnoji-spravedlyvosti-nazvy-mistechka-delyatyna/|accessdate=2022-12-31}}</ref> It is believed that the name comes from the names of the legendary founders of the town: Dalia (or Dylia) and Tyna.<ref name=":2" /> The Latin word "delatum" meant the place where products were brought to the auction.<ref name=":1" />

== History == Deliatyn became part of the Poland (together with Red Ruthenia) in the 14th century under King Casimir III the Great. In 1772, it was seized by the Austro-Hungarian Empire together with the province of Galicia in the First Partition of Poland. In 1893, Austrian Deliatyn experienced a cholera outbreak amid poor conditions within the town.<ref>The Cholera in Europe. (1893, 25 August). ''New York Evening Post.''</ref> After World War I and the dissolution of Austria-Hungary, Deliatyn was captured by Polish troops, after the Polish–Soviet War it remained a part of the Stanisławów Voivodeship of the Second Polish Republic. Located in the picturesque area, it was a popular spa, with around 1,000 visitors yearly (in the late 1920s). {{Historical populations|1921|5973|1931|8815|2022|8213 |source=<ref>{{cite book|author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.-->|title=Wiadomości Statystyczne Głównego Urzędu Statystycznego|volume=X|year=1932|language=pl|location=Warszawa|publisher=Główny Urząd Statystyczny|page=194}}</ref>}}

<gallery caption="Archival views of Delatyn"> Делятин (ринок).jpg|Delatyn in the 1910s Delatyn, ogolny widok. ca 1930 (627194) (cropped).jpg|Archival views of Delatyn, ca 1930 Delatyn, ratusz. 1927 (628488) (cropped).jpg|City Hall, 1927 Delatyn, ulica glowna 1939 (628471) (cropped).jpg|Main street, 1939 Delatyn, dworzec kolejowy. ca 1930 (631114) (cropped).jpg|Railway station, circa 1930 Delatyn, szkola powszechna. ante 1939 (631087) (cropped).jpg|Primary school, before 1939 Delatyn, zaklad kapielowy 1929 (643827) (cropped).jpg|Bathing establishment, 1929 Delatyn, c. k. sad powiatowy 1914 (652889) (cropped).jpg|County court, 1914 Delatyn, wiadukt na Lubiznej 1927 (652079) (cropped).jpg|Viaduct, 1927 </gallery>

===World War II=== Following the joint German-Soviet invasion of Poland, which started World War II in September 1939, the village was occupied and annexed by the USSR until 1941, then occupied by Germany until 1944, and re-occupied by the Soviet Union, which annexed it from Poland in 1945. During the Soviet times, Deliatyn was famous by the Kovpak's Oak, which symbolizes the uncompromised hatred of Ukrainians towards Nazi Germany.{{Citation needed|date=February 2008}}<ref name="autogenerated3" />

On 17 January 1940, {{ill|Deliatyn Raion|uk|Делятинський район|display=1}} was separated from {{ill|Nadwórna County|uk|Powiat nadwórniański|display=1}}. In 1940 it received the status of an urban-type settlement,<ref name="autogenerated22"/> and on 13 November 1940, Deliatyn Raion was liquidated and entered the {{ill|Yaremcha Raion|uk|Яремчанський район|display=1}}.<ref name="autogenerated3"/> From 30 December 1962, it was part of the Bohorodchany Raion, but Deliatyn was assigned to the Nadvirna Raion.<ref name="autogenerated2"/>

Delatyn was home to a Jewish community until autumn 1941.<ref name="shtetl"/> German archives record mass executions of Jews in the town, carried out by an Einsatzgruppen. On 16 October 1941, the SS, accompanied by the Ukrainian militia and Hungarian Border Guards units shot 1,950 Jews in a forest. [Lemberg Mosaic, Jakob Weiss, Alderbrook Press (2010)] Later, around 200 Jews were killed in the cemetery. During spring 1942, 3,000 Jews were shot. The remaining 2,000 Jews were deported from Deliatyn to the Bełżec extermination camp at the end of 1942. According to the archives, there was no ghetto in Deliatyn, although according to a witness there was one in the center, surrounded with a fence.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://yahadmap.org/#village/delyatyn-deliatin-deliatyn-delatyn-ivano-frankivsk-ukraine.637|title = Yahad - in Unum}}</ref>

=== Independent Ukraine === On 17 August 2017 Deliatyn settlement hromada was formed by merging the urban municipality of Deliatyn Settlement Council and the rural municipalities of Zarichchia, {{ill|Chorni Oslavy, Nadvirna Raion, Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast|lt=Chorni Oslavy|uk|Чорні Ослави|display=1}}, and {{ill|Chornyi Potik, Nadvirna Raion, Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast|lt=Chornyi Potik|uk|Чорний Потік (Надвірнянський район)|display=1}} of Nadvirna Raion.{{fact|date=May 2026}}

==== Russo-Ukrainian War ==== On 19 March 2022 during the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine, Russian Armed Forces {{ill|2022 Deliatyn attack|lt=claim to have used|uk|Ракетний удар по Делятину|display=1}} the Kinzhal hypersonic missiles for the first time in world combat history to target a military storage site in Deliatyn.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Russia uses advanced hypersonic missiles in Ukraine for the first time |url=https://timesofmalta.com/articles/view/russia-uses-advanced-hypersonic-missiles.942558 |access-date=2022-03-19 |website=Times of Malta |language=en-gb}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |title= Ukraine Update: Zelenskiy Says Some Opposition Parties Suspended|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2022-03-19/ukraine-update-russia-says-used-kinzhal-missile-in-strike |access-date=2022-03-19 |newspaper=Bloomberg.com|date=19 March 2022 }}</ref>

On 28 April 2022, the executive committee of the Deliatyn settlement council, as part of derussification and decommunization in Ukraine, decided to dismantle monuments-busts and memorial signs on the territory of the hromada, including a bust of the Russian poet Alexander Pushkin on the territory of Deliatyn Lyceum No. 3 and a memorial plaque to Soviet soldiers.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-05-08 |title=The busts of Rudnev and Pushkin were dismantled in Prykarpattia |url=https://westobserver.com/news/europe/the-busts-of-rudnev-and-pushkin-were-dismantled-in-prykarpattia/ |access-date=2023-01-23 |website=West Observer |language=en-US |archive-date=23 January 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230123010802/https://westobserver.com/news/europe/the-busts-of-rudnev-and-pushkin-were-dismantled-in-prykarpattia/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Busts of Pushkin and Commissar Rudnev were dismantled in Prykarpattia |url=https://www.ukrinform.ua/rubric-regions/3477899-na-prikarpatti-demontuvali-pogrudda-puskina-ta-komisara-rudneva.html |access-date=2023-01-23 |website=www.ukrinform.ua |language=uk}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-05-07 |title=In the Deliatyn hromada, they decided to dismantle the busts of Rudnev and Pushkin |url=https://kurs.if.ua/society/u-delyatynskij-gromadi-vyrishyly-demontuvaty-pogruddya-rudnyeva-i-pushkina/ |access-date=2023-01-23 |website=Курс}}</ref>

Until 26 January 2024, Deliatyn was designated urban-type settlement. On this day, a new law entered into force which abolished this status, and Deliatyn became a rural settlement.<ref name="glavnoe">{{cite news |title=Что изменится в Украине с 1 января |url=https://glavnoe.in.ua/ru/novosti/chto-yzmenytsya-v-ukrayne-s-1-yanvarya |work=glavnoe.in.ua |language=ru| date=1 January 2024}}</ref>

== In culture == The 1992 documentary film ''Return to My Shtetl Delatyn'' depicts filmmaker Willy Lindwer's travels with his father Berl Nuchim and his daughter Michal to Delatyn to "retrace the route his father had taken six decades earlier, escaping from the Nazis and to see how the area and its inhabitants had changed."<ref>[http://www.willylindwer.com/library/return_to_my_shtetl_delatyn.php The Willy Lindwer Film &amp; Video Collection – Return to my Shtetl Delatyn]</ref>

== Economy == Deliatyn is known as a spa, as well as a centre of salt production and forestry.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Енциклопедія українознавства. Словникова частина (ЕУ-II)|date=1993|volume=2|pages=492-494}}</ref>

Delatynite is a variety of amber found in Deliatyn.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://kehilalinks.jewishgen.org/delyatin/chrono.asp |title=Chronology of Delatyn, Galicia |access-date=14 April 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061230190540/http://www.shtetlinks.jewishgen.org/delyatin/Chrono.htm |archive-date=30 December 2006 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Definition of DELATYNITE |url=https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/delatynite |access-date=2022-12-31 |website=www.merriam-webster.com |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Delatynite |url=https://www.mindat.org/min-27255.html |access-date=2022-12-31 |website=www.mindat.org}}</ref>

== References == ===Notes=== {{reflist}}

===Sources=== * [http://nadrda.gov.ua/ Website of the Nadvirna district council]

{{Nadvirna Raion}} {{Authority control}}

Category:Populated places on the Prut Category:Rural settlements in Nadvirna Raion Category:Holocaust locations in Ukraine Category:Historic Jewish communities in Ukraine