Daryan Dam

{{Short description|Dam in Kermanshah, Iran}} {{Infobox dam | name = Daryan Dam | name_official = | image = | image_size = | image_caption = | image_alt = | location_map = Iran | location_map_size = | location_map_caption = | coordinates = | country = Iran | location = Daryan, Kermanshah Province | status =UC | purpose = Irrigation, Power | construction_began = 2009 | opening = 2018 | demolished = | cost = | owner = Iran Water and Power Resources Development Co | dam_type = Embankment, rock-fill with clay-core | dam_height = | dam_height_thalweg ={{Convert|146|m|ft|0|abbr=on}} | dam_height_foundation={{Convert|169|m|ft|0|abbr=on}} | dam_length = {{Convert|368|m|ft|0|abbr=on}} | dam_width_crest = | dam_width_base = | dam_volume = {{Convert|9700000|m3|acre.ft|0|abbr=on}} | dam_elevation_crest = | dam_crosses = Sirvan River | spillway_count = | spillway_type = | spillway_capacity = | res_name = | res_capacity_total = {{Convert|316300000|m3|acre.ft|0|abbr=on}} | res_capacity_active ={{Convert|281000000|m3|acre.ft|0|abbr=on}} | res_capacity_inactive= | res_catchment = | res_surface = {{Convert|10|km2|mi2|0|abbr=on}} | res_elevation = | res_max_depth = | res_max_length = | res_max_width ={{Convert|800|m|ft|0|abbr=on}}<ref>{{cite news |title=تونل انحراف آب سد داریان پاوه افتتاح شد |trans-title=Water diversion tunnel barrier ' Darian 'opened DA |url=https://www.irna.ir/news/7121882/%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%86%D9%84-%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AD%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%81-%D8%A2%D8%A8-%D8%B3%D8%AF-%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%86-%D9%BE%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%87-%D8%A7%D9%81%D8%AA%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%AD-%D8%B4%D8%AF |id=[https://www.irna.ir/x3fydy x3fydy] |work=The Islamic Republic News Agency (IRNA) |accessdate=2024-11-23 |language=Persian |date=13 July 2011  }}</ref> | res_tidal_range = | plant_operator = | plant_commission = 2018 | plant_decommission = | plant_type = | plant_turbines = 3 x 70 MW Francis-type | plant_capacity = 210 MW | plant_annual_gen = | website = | extra = | mapframe = yes | mapframe-zoom = 12 }} The '''Daryan Dam''', also spelled '''Darian''' (Persian: سد داریان), is an embankment dam constructed on the Sirvan River just north of Daryan in Paveh County, Kermanshah province, Iran. The primary purpose of the dam is to supply up to {{Convert|1378000000|m3|acre.ft|abbr=on}} of water annually to the {{Convert|48|km|mi|abbr=on}} long Nowsud Water Conveyance Tunnel where it will irrigate areas of Southwestern Iran. The dam also has a 210 MW hydroelectric power station. Construction on the dam began in 2009 and the dam began to fill its reservoir in late November 2015. The Darian Dam Archaeological Salvage Program (DDASP) was planned by Iranian Center for Archaeological Research before flooding the reservoir. As a result, a number of important archaeological sites were discovered and some were excavated. The power station was commissioned in 2018.<ref>{{cite web |title=Inauguration of First and Second Units of Daryan Hydro Power Plant in Presence of Minister of Energy – Farab |url=http://www.farab.com/en/inauguration-of-first-and-second-units-of-daryan-hydro-power-plant-in-presence-of-minister-of-energy/ |publisher=Farab |accessdate=21 August 2020}}</ref> The dam's diversion tunnel was completed in June 2011.<ref>{{cite web|title=Diversion Tunnel for Darian Dam Open|url=http://khabarfarsi.com/n/777064/%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%86%D9%84_%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AD%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%81_%D8%A2%D8%A8_%D8%B3%D8%AF_%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%BE%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%87_%D8%A7%D9%81%D8%AA%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%AD_%D8%B4%D8%AF|publisher=Khaber Farsi|accessdate=17 May 2013|language=Persian|year=2010}}</ref> The dam was designed by Quds Niru and consultation was provided by Mahab Ghods and Quds Niru, International Consulting Engineering Co. In August 2010 Farab Co. won the contract to build the power station.<ref>{{cite web|title=Technical News |url=http://www.stucky.ch/en/contenu/pdf/Tech_News_2005_2sem.pdf |publisher=Stucky |accessdate=17 May 2013 |year=2005 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20071031035812/http://www.stucky.ch/en/contenu/pdf/Tech_News_2005_2sem.pdf |archivedate=31 October 2007 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Daryan H.E.P.P. |url=http://www.farab.com/en/field_of_activities/prjDetail.asp?abv=H&pk=1028 |publisher=Farab |accessdate=17 May 2013 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150109013140/http://www.farab.com/en/field_of_activities/prjDetail.asp?abv=H&pk=1028 |archivedate=9 January 2015 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=FARAB won the tender of Darian 210MW power plant |url=http://www.farab.com/en/news_events/index.asp?aPk=0&tPk=1 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130629050952/http://www.farab.com/en/news_events/index.asp?aPk=0&tPk=1 |url-status=dead |archive-date=29 June 2013 |publisher=Farab Co. |accessdate=17 May 2013 |date=30 August 2010 }}</ref> In 2011, workers on the project held a protest against unpaid wages.<ref>{{cite web|title=Workers Protest and Withdraw From Darian Dam |url=http://rojhelat.tv/farsi/Default.aspx?tabid=56&NewsDetails=169 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130615204728/http://rojhelat.tv/farsi/Default.aspx?tabid=56&NewsDetails=169 |url-status=dead |archive-date=15 June 2013 |publisher=Rojhelat TV |accessdate=17 May 2013 |language=Persian |date=4 March 2011 }}</ref> The dam is also the subject of protest due to the forced relocations and ecological/cultural impact its reservoir will have.<ref>{{cite web |title=Darian dam construction on the river Sirwan |url=http://isdle.ir/news/index.php?news=8380 |publisher=Isdle |accessdate=17 May 2013 |date=2009 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120911003907/http://isdle.ir/news/index.php?news=8380 |archivedate=11 September 2012 }}</ref>

== Reservoir volume reduction == The Darian Dam project was planned through studies to have a reservoir volume of one billion cubic meters, But in order to preserve the village of Hajij, respect the religious beliefs of the people, and preserve the historical monuments of the region, especially Imamzade Obaidullah Hajij, the height of the Darian Dam was reduced by 50 meters.<ref>{{cite web |date=11 September 2014  |title=ارتفاع سد داریان 50 متر کاهش یافت |url=https://www.isna.ir/news/kermanshah-45537/ارتفاع-سد-داریان-50-متر-کاهش-یافت |access-date=2024-04-16 |website=Iranian Students' News Agency (ISNA) |id=[https://isna.ir/xdxrhG xdxrhG]}}</ref>

One of the goals of building the Darian Dam was to reduce the inequality in the water consumption of the Sirwan and Diyala River in Iraq and Iran. In Iraq, the Diyala Weir and several large reservoir dams with a total reservoir volume of 5071 million cubic meters have been built on this river. The decrease in the reservoir volume of the Darian dam in Iran caused the total reservoir volume of Iran's dams on this river to reach 440 million cubic meters, which is much less than the water consumption on the Iraqi side of this river.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=وﻟﺪاﻧﻲ |first=اﺻﻐﺮ ﺟﻌﻔﺮي |date=Spring–Summer 2009 |orig-date=ﺑﻬﺎرو ﺗﺎﺑﺴﺘﺎن1388 |title=استفاده از منابع آب رودهاي مرزي ايران و عراق و حقوق بين الملل |url=https://qjpl.atu.ac.ir/article_2577_6555923bfe56256479fa67d507fddba0.pdf |volume=11 |issue=26 |script-journal=fa:پژوﻫﺶ ﺣﻘﻮق و ﺳﻴﺎﺳﺖ}}</ref>

Another problem caused by the reduction in the volume of the Sirvan Dam is the reduction of the water flow of the Sirvan River in the downstream areas during the dry seasons, which occurs with the increase in the water demand of the Sirvan River in the upstream.<ref>{{cite news |date=8 September 2021  |script-title=fa:اعتراض عراق به کاهش جریان آب از ایران |url=https://www.pishkhan.com/news/238423 |access-date=2024-04-16 |script-newspaper=fa:روزنامه آفتاب یزد  |via=پیشخوان روزنامه ها |language=fa}}</ref> This issue has several times led to Iraqi officials blaming the Iranian side for the reduced flow of this river during the dry seasons of the year.<ref>{{Cite web |last=AFP |date=2021-10-27 |title=Iraq blames Iran for drastic decline in river flow |url=https://www.brecorder.com/news/40129287/iraq-blames-iran-for-drastic-decline-in-river-flow |access-date=2025-01-05 |website=Brecorder |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Iraq warns of river flow drop from Iran |url=https://www.aa.com.tr/en/middle-east/iraq-warns-of-river-flow-drop-from-iran/1950091 |access-date=2025-01-05 |website=www.aa.com.tr}}</ref>

==References== {{reflist}}

Category:Dams in Kermanshah Province Category:Dams on the Diyala (Sirwan) River Category:Rock-filled dams Category:Dams completed in 2018 Category:Interbasin transfer Category:Hydroelectric power stations in Iran Category:Buildings and structures in Kermanshah province Category:Paveh County Category:Iranian Kurdistan

Daryan Dam

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