{{Short description|Genus of fishes}} {{Automatic taxobox | image = Cichlasoma dimerus.JPG<!-- many species previously placed in Cichlasoma are now placed in other genera; before changing the photo, please make sure the species actually is a member of Cichlasoma today (see species list in article) --> | image_caption = ''Cichlasoma dimerus'' | taxon = Cichlasoma | authority = Swainson, 1839 | type_species = ''Labrus bimaculatus'' | type_species_authority = Linnaeus, 1758 }}
'''''Cichlasoma''''' is a genus of freshwater fish in the cichlid family. The genus was previously very large (a wastebasket taxon), including cichlids from North America, including Central America, and South America.
Reclassification and subsequent splitting of the genus by Sven O. Kullander and other ichthyologists has resulted in removing many of the former species from ''Cichlasoma'' to genera such as ''Amphilophus'', ''Archocentrus'', ''Herichthys'', ''Heros'', ''Nandopsis'', ''Parachromis'', ''Thorichthys'', ''Vieja'' and others in the tribe Heroini.<ref name=Mahan2015>{{cite journal | author = McMahan, C.D. | author2 = Matamoros, W.A. | author3 = Piller, K.R. | author4 = Chakrabarty, P. | s2cid = 34699955 | name-list-style = amp | year = 2015 | title = Taxonomy and systematics of the herichthyins (Cichlidae: Tribe Heroini), with the description of eight new Middle American Genera | journal = Zootaxa | volume = 3999 | issue = 2 | pages = 211–234 | doi=10.11646/zootaxa.3999.2.3| pmid = 26623572 | doi-access = free }}</ref><ref name=Rican2016>{{cite journal|last1=Říčan|first1=O.|last2=Piálek|first2=L.|last3=Dragová|first3=K.|last4=Novák|first4=J.|year=2016|title=Diversity and evolution of the Middle American cichlid fishes (Teleostei: Cichlidae) with revised classification|journal=Vertebrate Zoology|volume=66|issue=1|pages=1–102|doi=10.3897/vz.66.e31534 |doi-access=free }}</ref>
==Species== According to FishBase, there are currently sixteen recognized species in this genus,<ref name = FishBase>{{FishBase genus|genus=Cichlasoma|month=February|year=2020}}</ref> but three very different Middle American taxa ("''C.''"'' geddesi'' a synonym of ''Herichthys deppii'', and "''C.''"'' istlanum'' and "''C.''"'' trimaculatum'' placed in ''Amphilophus'') are not included by Catalog of Fishes, effectively limiting ''Cichlasoma'' to a group of rather similar, medium-small cichlids of South America.<ref name=COF>{{Cof genus |genus=Cichlasoma |access-date=14 July 2019}}</ref>
* ''Cichlasoma amazonarum'' <small>S. O. Kullander, 1983</small> * ''Cichlasoma araguaiense'' <small>S. O. Kullander, 1983</small> * ''Cichlasoma bimaculatum'' <small>(Linnaeus, 1758)</small> (Black acara) * ''Cichlasoma boliviense'' <small>S. O. Kullander, 1983</small> * ''Cichlasoma dimerus'' <small>(Heckel, 1840)</small> * ''Cichlasoma geddesi'' <small>(Regan, 1905)</small> * ''Cichlasoma istlanum'' <small>(D. S. Jordan & Snyder, 1899)</small> * ''Cichlasoma orientale'' <small>S. O. Kullander, 1983</small> * ''Cichlasoma orinocense'' <small>S. O. Kullander, 1983</small> * ''Cichlasoma paranaense'' <small>S. O. Kullander, 1983</small> * ''Cichlasoma portalegrense'' <small>(R. F. Hensel, 1870)</small> * ''Cichlasoma pusillum'' <small>S. O. Kullander, 1983</small> * ''Cichlasoma santifranciscense'' <small>S. O. Kullander, 1983</small> * ''Cichlasoma taenia'' <small>(E. T. Bennett, 1831)</small> (Brown coscarob) * ''Cichlasoma zarskei'' <small>Ottoni, 2011</small>
==References== {{Reflist}}
{{Taxonbar|from=Q3600}} {{Authority control}}
Category:Cichlasoma Category:Cichlasomatini Category:Cichlid genera Category:Taxa named by William Swainson
{{Cichlasomatinae-stub}}