{{Short description|Municipality and town in Andalusia, Spain}} {{Use dmy dates|date=July 2020}} {{Infobox settlement |name = Cartaya |settlement_type = Municipality & Town |image_flag = Bandera de Cartaya.svg |flag_size = 125px |image_shield = Escudo de Cartaya.svg |image_skyline = Plaza de Cartaya 01.JPG |shield_size = 85px |pushpin_map = Spain |pushpin_map_caption = Location in Spain |coordinates = {{coord|37|17|N|7|09|W|display=inline,title}} | mapframe = yes | mapframe-zoom = 9 | mapframe-marker = town | motto = {{force singular}} Cartaya: pines and sea & Cartaya ahead<br/>{{Flag|Spain}} Cartaya: pinos y mar & Cartaya por delante |subdivision_type = Country |subdivision_name = {{Flag|Spain}} |subdivision_type1 = Autonomous Community |subdivision_name1 = 25px Andalusia |subdivision_type2 = Province |subdivision_name2 = 20px Huelva |subdivision_type3 = Comarca |subdivision_name3 = Costa Occidental de Huelva |subdivision_type4 = Judicial district |subdivision_name4 = Ayamonte |subdivision_type5 = Municipality |subdivision_name5 = 20pxCartaya |subdivision_type6 = Mancomunidad |subdivision_name6 = Manc. Beturia |established_title = Foundation |established_date = 15th century |parts = 3 Populated place |p1 = Cartaya |p2 = El Rompido |p3 = Nuevo Portil |government_type = Mayor–council |governing_body = City Council of Cartaya |leader_party = ICAR |leader_title = Mayor |leader_name = Juan Miguel Polo Plana |area_magnitude = |area_total_km2 = 226,4 |area_land_km2 = |area_water_km2 = |elevation_m = 26 |population_note = |population_as_of = {{Spain metadata Wikidata|population_as_of}} |population_footnotes = {{Spain metadata Wikidata|population_footnotes}} |population_total = {{Spain metadata Wikidata|population_total}} |population_density_km2 = auto |population_demonym = ''cartayero'' (m), ''cartayera'' (f) |timezone = CET |utc_offset = +1 |timezone_DST = CEST |utc_offset_DST = +2 |postal_code_type = Postcode |postal_code = 21450 |website = http://www.ayto-cartaya.es/ |footnotes = }} '''Cartaya''' is a Spanish locality and municipality in the Province of Huelva, (autonomous community of Andalusia). According to the 2025 municipal register, it has a population of 21,741 inhabitants. Its surface area is 226.4 km<sup>2</sup> and has a density of 81.34 people per km<sup>2</sup>.
The present town of Cartaya was founded in the 15th century by the Marquis of Gibraleón, Don Pedro de Zúñiga. Its name comes from the Phoenician word "Carteia", meaning city, which implies that the site had been settled much earlier. Traces have been found dating from the late Roman Empire and there is evidence of farmsteads from the early medieval period.
The municipality's economy is mainly based on the primary sector. However, more recent development has been encouraged in the service sector focused on leisure and tourism. The per capita income is high in comparison to neighboring municipalities. The newer settlements of El Rompido and Nuevo Portil, along with other developments, have contributed to significant population growth over recent decades.
Among the area's noteworthy attractions are: the former Convent of the Blessed Trinity; the Parish Church; the Hermitage of Santa María de Consolación; the Castle of the Zuñiga; and 4 kilometers of beaches (El Rompido, San Miguel Beach, Nuevo Portil beach and the westernmost part of El Portil).
== Etymology == The toponym ''Cartaya'' seems to be of Phoenician origin: ''Qart'' or ''Carteia'', meaning ''The City''.<ref>{{cite web |url = http://www.ayto-cartaya.es |title = Description of Municipal Fund |publisher=City council of Cartaya |accessdate = 12 September 2010}}</ref> In the Andalusian period, it was referred to by the name ''qarqaya'', phonetically very similar to the present. Cartaya should not be confused with Libertinorum Carteia in San Roque.
== Symbols ==
;'''Shield'''
The municipal blazon is: {{blockquote|''Of gules, the golden castle of vert abjured sustained natural mount, and this sustained of silver and azure waves. On both sides of the castle, two mace-bearers.''}}
It was approved by decree of 21 July 1972 and published in the BOE on 24 August that year.<ref name="shield">[http://www.diphuelva.es/asp/Archivo/Heraldica/fichamunicipio.asp?mun=Cartaya&idm=21 Huelva County Council. Municipal Heraldry of Cartaya.] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071122003001/http://www.diphuelva.es/asp/Archivo/Heraldica/fichamunicipio.asp?mun=Cartaya&idm=21 |date=22 November 2007 }}</ref>
;'''Flag'''
The municipal flag was adopted at the plenary municipal meeting of 10 August 1998<ref name = "shield"/> and it has the following description: {{blockquote|''Red with six bands in the low, three white and three blue. Centered and superimposed local arms.''}}
== Geography == === Situation === Cartaya is located {{cvt|26|km}} west of Huelva and {{cvt|112|km}} from Seville.
;Location
thumb|150px|Comarca of the Costa Occidental de Huelva.
The municipality of Cartaya is located in the southwest of the province of Huelva. It lies on the estuary of the Piedra river, which forms the southern and eastern edge of the territory. The main settlement of Cartaya is situated upstream on the east bank of the Piedra. The smaller settlement of El Rompido is further upstream, on the estuary itself, while El Portil – which falls partly within Punta Umbría – is right at the river-mouth, on the Atlantic coast.
The municipality covers an area of {{cvt|226.4|km2}}<ref name="fichaSIMA">{{cite web |url=http://www.juntadeandalucia.es/institutodeestadistica/sima/htm/sm21021.htm |title=Cartaya tab (Huelva) |publisher=Multi-territorial Information System of Andalusia (SIMA / IEA) |accessdate=27 March 2010 |date=29 January 2010 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090527064221/http://www.juntadeandalucia.es/institutodeestadistica/sima/htm/sm21021.htm |archivedate=27 May 2009 }}</ref> with an average altitude of 26 masl.<ref name="fichaSIMA"/>
;Bordering populations
The nearest town is Lepe: five miles to the west, on the other side of the river Piedra. To the northeast is Gibraleón and to the south-east is Punta Umbría, which separated from the municipality of Cartaya in 1963.
{{adjacent communities | width = auto | Northwest = Sanlúcar de Guadiana and Villanueva de los Castillejos | North = Villanueva de los Castillejos | Northeast = Gibraleón | West = Lepe | Center = Cartaya | East = Gibraleón, Aljaraque and Huelva | Southwest = Lepe | South = Atlantic Ocean | Southeast = Punta Umbría }}
=== Orography === The relief of the region can be categorized into three main types. The fluvial-coastal zone includes the floodplain of the river down to and including the Atlantic coastline and San Miguel Beach. The wooded zone is made up of pine groves and low hills. The remaining part of the region is made up of fields.
The soil is composed of gravel and conglomerates of detritic coverages, glacis and eroded hillsides. Most of the orography was formed in the Quaternary Period, although the higher ground shows outcrops of Paleozoic shale.
One of the most distinctive features of the landscape is the long peninsula known as the "Arrow of Nueva Umbría" or "Arrow of El Rompido". Possession of this narrow strip of land is a source of dispute between the municipalities of Lepe and Cartaya.<ref name="reclamanota">{{cite web |url = https://lepediario.blogspot.com/2010/01/millan-llama-al-orden-al-alcalde-lepero.html |title = Millán calls to order to the Mayor lepero. |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20110708050412/http://lepediario.blogspot.com/2010/01/millan-llama-al-orden-al-alcalde-lepero.html |archivedate = 8 July 2011 |url-status = dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url = http://www.ayto-cartaya.es/01_es/flecha_el_rompido.php |accessdate = 27 March 2010 |title = Documentation about Arrow of Nueva Umbría |author = City Council of Cartaya |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20100403053531/http://www.ayto-cartaya.es/01_es/flecha_el_rompido.php |archive-date = 3 April 2010 |url-status = dead }}</ref> Another local landmark is the Lagoon of El Portil.<ref> {{cite web |url = http://www.juntadeandalucia.es/medioambiente/web/Bloques_Tematicos/Patrimonio_Natural._Uso_Y_Gestion/Espacios_Protegidos/Reservas_Naturales/PDF_Reservas/03_portil.pdf |accessdate = 27 March 2010 |title = Lagoon of El Portil |author = Counselling of Environment. Andalusian Autonomous Government |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20110615153935/http://www.juntadeandalucia.es/medioambiente/web/Bloques_Tematicos/Patrimonio_Natural._Uso_Y_Gestion/Espacios_Protegidos/Reservas_Naturales/PDF_Reservas/03_portil.pdf |archivedate = 15 June 2011 |url-status = dead}}</ref>
;Geodesic data
{|class="wikitable" align="center" style="margin:1em auto;" |+ '''Cartaya's geodesic vertices'''<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ign.es/ign/es/IGN/vertices_geodesicos.jsp |publisher=ign.es |author=National Geographic Institute (Spain) |title=Data and geodesic services |accessdate=6 December 2010 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20101129152414/http://www.ign.es/ign/es/IGN/vertices_geodesicos.jsp |archivedate=29 November 2010 }}</ref> |- style="background:#efefef;" !Municipal area!!Geodesic point!!Altitude!!Number!!MTN leaf!!Coordeinates |- |Cartaya||Miramundo<ref>{{cite web |url = ftp://ftp.geodesia.ign.es/Red_Geodesica/Hoja0980/098093.pdf |publisher = geodesia.ign.es |author = National Geographic Institute (Spain) |title = Miramundo |date = 4 December 2010 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20210830221451/ftp://ftp.geodesia.ign.es/Red_Geodesica/Hoja0980/098093.pdf |archive-date = 2021-08-30 |url-status = dead |accessdate = 6 December 2010 }}</ref> ||170,158||98093||980||{{coord|37|17|N|7|09|W|}} |}{{center|<small>Fuentes: Instituto Geográfico Nacional (Spain) – [http://www.ign.es/ IGN]</small>}}
=== Climate === The region has a Mediterranean climate. The winters are very mild, with temperatures rarely dropping below 10 °C; the summers are warm, generally reaching highs of over 30 °C in July and August. Precipitation is not very abundant.
The table below shows the average temperature and rainfall by month for the year 2007: {{Weather box |location = Cartaya |metric first = yes |single line = yes |Jan high C = 16.3 |Feb high C = 17.3 |Mar high C = 19.7 |Apr high C = 21 |May high C = 24.8 |Jun high C = 27.5 |Jul high C = 32.7 |Aug high C = 31 |Sep high C = 28.1 |Oct high C = 25 |Nov high C = 21 |Dec high C = 17.1 |year high C = 23.5 |Jan low C = 6 |Feb low C = 8.5 |Mar low C = 6.9 |Apr low C = 9.7 |May low C = 12 |Jun low C = 15.5 |Jul low C = 21 |Aug low C = 22.7 |Sep low C = 20 |Oct low C = 15.9 |Nov low C = 11.7 |Dec low C = 10.2 |year low C = 13.5 |Jan precipitation mm = 42 |Feb precipitation mm = 64 |Mar precipitation mm = 16 |Apr precipitation mm = 33 |May precipitation mm = 36 |Jun precipitation mm = 4 |Jul precipitation mm = 2 |Aug precipitation mm = 4 |Sep precipitation mm = 55 |Oct precipitation mm = 48 |Nov precipitation mm = 52 |Dec precipitation mm = 21 |year precipitation mm = 373 |source 1 = World Meteorological Organization (UN)<ref>{{cite web |url = http://www.worldweather.org/ |title = Weather Information for Cartaya |access-date = 5 January 2011 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20090930133413/http://www.worldweather.org/ |archive-date = 30 September 2009 |url-status = dead }}</ref> |date = 2007}}
=== Hydrology === The principal river is the Piedra, which forms the boundary between the municipalities of Cartaya and Lepe. The river's source is in the municipality of El Almendro, although many tributary streams rise in the municipality of Villanueva de los Castillejos. At one time, the river mouth was by the village of El Rompido, whose name derives from the ocean waves breaking against the river sediment. However, the sediments deposited by the river have built up over time in an easterly direction, giving rise to features such as the "Arrow of Nueva Umbria" and the Lagoon of El Portil.
The water supply of Cartaya municipality comes from the Chanza Reservoir, situated in another municipality.
=== Ecology === ;Flora There are 12,000 hectares of forest in the area; mostly pine, juniper, new plantations of eucalyptus trees and some smaller areas of evergreen oaks and cork oaks. Along with the marshland areas of the "Marshes of the River Piedra" and the "Arrow of Nueva Umbria",<ref name="marshes&arrow"> {{cite web |url = http://www.juntadeandalucia.es/medioambiente/site/aplica/medioambiente/site/web/menuitem.a5664a214f73c3df81d8899661525ea0/?vgnextoid=89433d0b1fc55010VgnVCM1000000624e50aRCRD&vgnthirdoid=88919802d19e4010VgnVCM1000000624e50aRCRD |title = Paraje Natural Marismas del Río Piedras y Flecha del Rompido |accessdate = 27 March 2010 |author=Counselling of Environment. Andalusian Autonomous Government }} </ref> these make up the most significant area of semi-virgin land on the Andalusian coast.<ref name="marshes&arrow"/>
The "Arrow of Nueva Umbria" is an unusual habitat, formed by the effects of winds and tides on the river sediments. It contains three main ecosystems: dune, retama, and marsh. Due to the conditions, very few plants can thrive there. Typical flora includes sea holly, beach grass, white retama, mastic, and other salt-tolerant vegetation.
<gallery class="center"> File:Pinar de Cartaya.JPG|Pine in Aguas del Pino, San Miguel beach. File:Flecha de El Rompido, Huelva.jpg|Arrow of Nueva Umbria. File:Eryngium maritimum 1.jpg|Sea holly. </gallery>
== History == === Prehistory === There is little prehistoric archaeological evidence in the area. Around the mouth of the Piedra, small pieces of Lower Paleolithic stone tools have been found: mostly early acheulean deposits (edges, some bifaces and beaks)<ref name="deposits">{{cite book | last = García Rincón | first = José María | publisher=Ediciones Tartessos SL | title = Article "Paleolithic and Epipaleolithic in Huelva". Spanish: Artículo "Paleolítico y epipaleolítico en Huelva" | year = 1986 | location = Huelva | pages = 30–34 | isbn = 84-7663-002-6 }}</ref> or Mousterian deposits from the Middle Paleolithic.<ref name="deposits"/> There seems to have been no connection between the populations here and those living around the nearby Odiel and Tinto rivers.
=== Romanization === Although Cartaya and the nearby coast (where there are many discoveries of shipwrecks) were probably settled by the Phoenicians, the area developed significantly under the Romans. Within the Roman Empire, this area formed part of the ''Beturia Celtic'' or''Turdula'' region in the senatorial province of ''Hispania Baetica''.<ref>{{cite web |url = http://www.puertoaroche.com/plinio.htm |title = Beturia Celtic |accessdate = 7 August 2008 |url-status = dead |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20040309083220/http://www.puertoaroche.com/plinio.htm |archivedate = 9 March 2004}} </ref> Cartaya found itself close to the Roman road linking the cities of ''Praesidio'' and ''Ad Rubras''.<ref>The latter is identified well with Tharsis or Cabezas Rubias, both to Cartaya's North-East.</ref> This was an area dedicated to the pottery industry – especially the manufacture of amphorae – which may have been destined for the settlement of Punta Umbría or Onuba Aesturia.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://ampa-stjhuelva.org/Colaboraciones/HuelvaRomana0306.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210830221409/http://ampa-stjhuelva.org/Colaboraciones/HuelvaRomana0306.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-date=30 August 2021 |title=The Roman presence in the province of Huelva |publisher=Linares Toro, José Ángel |accessdate=29 March 2010 }}</ref>
In the later Roman period, the Visigoths arrived in Iberia. However, – in common with most of the Huelva region – Cartaya shows little significant evidence of their presence.
=== Middle Ages === [[File:Taifas.png|thumb|150px|Situation of the Taifa of Huelva in the peninsula towards the 11th century.]] During the time of Al-Andalus, these lands were known as ''Cashtm''. At first, Cashtm was part of the Kūra of Labla, belonging to ''Għarb al-Andalus''. After the fall of the Caliphate of Córdoba in 1012, it became part of the Taifa of Huelva. In 1052, these territories came under the control of the Taifa of Seville.
In 1262, Alfonso X the Wise captured the cities of Niebla and Huelva and the region came once again under Christian rule.<ref name="nieblacastle">{{cite web |url = http://www.castillodeniebla.com/body_niebla1.htm |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20001205143100/http://www.castillodeniebla.com/body_niebla1.htm |url-status = dead |archive-date = 5 December 2000 |title = Niebla, 3000 years of history |accessdate = 21 July 2008 |publisher = castillodeniebla.com }}</ref> The province of Huelva became an important frontier territory – part of the "Banda Gallega" which was formed to prevent the eastward expansion of Portugal. By 1269, the river Piedra had been established as the border between Cartaya and Lepe. At that time, maps suggest, the Piedra met the sea at the present-day site of El Rompido.
{{blockquote|Otrosí mandamos a Maestre Fernán García [...] que partiesen los términos entre Gibraleón e Ayamonte e ellos partieronlos e pisieron los moxones de esta guisa. Como caye el río de las Piedras en la Mar e va derechamente arriba e sacude a la Alcaria de Mertola e de esta Alcaria a Moxon cubierto hasta Guadiana.|Según copia de D. Corpas González, 1917.<ref name="cartaya1">{{cite book |publisher=Excellency City Council of Cartaya |title = Article "Some considerations on Cartaya's coast". In spanish: Artículo "Algunas consideraciones sobre la costa de Cartaya". In Fair Magazine. ''Cartaya 1990'' |date = 1990 |location = Cartaya |pages = 170–171 }}</ref>}}
=== Founding of Cartaya ===
thumb|150px|Coat of arms of the '''Zuñiga''''s family, who founded the present town of Cartaya in the 15th century.
During the 15th and 16th centuries, the territory of Cartaya came under the rule of the house of Zuñiga. Against the opposition of Alfonso de Guzmán, lord of Ayamonte and Lepe, Don Pedro de Zuñiga y Manrique de Lara won the right to establish a ferry across the river Piedra. In doing so, he founded the town of Cartaya to defend the crossing against attacks by Berber and Norman pirates.<ref name="seigneurialism">{{cite book |last = González Gómez |first = Antonio |publisher=Editorial Tartessos S.L. |title = Huelva in the Middle Ages, a frontier enclave. In spanish: Huelva en la Edad Media, un enclave fronterizo |year = 1987 |location = Cádiz |pages = 71–72 |isbn = 84-7663-003-4 }}</ref> Seven years later, he gave the town greater permanence by ordering the construction of a castle and a church. The original church was built in the Mudéjar style; it was later replaced by the present parish church of San Pedro. The imposing castle, however, still stands on the western edge of the town. The house of Zuñiga consolidated its power in lower Andalusia through Don Pedro's descendant, Álvaro de Zúñiga. His eldest son acquired the neighboring territories of Lepe and La Redondela by marriage to the daughter of Juan Alfonso de Guzmán III of Ayamonte.<ref name="seigneurialism"/>
Cartaya's port of La Ribera soon became important. By 1509, ships from Cartaya were fishing in Cape Spartel and Cape Bojador to supply fish for Seville. Transport ships were travelling as far afield as Flanders to engage in cabotage and commerce, including the wine and grain trades.<ref name="cartaya2">{{cite book |publisher=Excellency City Council of Cartaya |title = Article "The Port of La Ribera". In spanish: Artículo "El Puerto de La Ribera". In Fair Magazin. "Cartaya 1997". |year = 1997 |location = Cartaya |page = 69 }}</ref> Although the local shipyards were building caravels as early as the 15th century, this industry never grew to national importance. This was partly because of the perceived poor quality of the local wood, which led ships from the Gulf of Cádiz to be banned from sailing to the Americas. Cartaya never became as important to Spain's maritime empire as some nearby towns, such as Palos de la Frontera or Moguer. Nevertheless, her sailors took part in the famous voyages of Christopher Columbus. Records list the local names Talafar, Vizcaino and Alonso Rodríguez on board the first voyage of Columbus.<ref name="fair88">{{cite book |last = Pérez Pereles |first = Diego |publisher=City Council of Cartaya |title = Fair Magazin 1988. Article "The lost port". In spanish: Artículo "El puerto perdido" |year = 1988 |location = Cartaya |page = 68 }}</ref> The same three appear to have returned on the Second Columbian expedition, where they are named as Rodrigo Calafar (aboard the caravel La Niña), Alonso Rodríguez (sailing on the San Juan), and Juan Vizcaíno (on the Cardera).<ref name="sailors">{{cite book |last = González Gómez |first = Antonio |publisher=Editorial Tartessos S.L. |title = Huelva in Middle Ages, a frontier enclave. In spanish: Huelva en la Edad Media, un enclave fronterizo |year = 1987 |location = Cádiz |pages = 141–142 |isbn = 84-7663-003-4 }}</ref>
=== Modern era ===
thumb|200px|Convent of the Blessed Trinity. thumb|View of the former almadraba on the shore opposite El Rompido.
In the early modern era, the Order of the Blessed Virgin Mary of Mercy founded a convent in the area, as it had in other places nearby. Despite this, the local population seems to have declined. Some villages, such as San Miguel de Arca de Buey (close to present-day El Rompido) disappeared altogether. One cause may have been the plague epidemic of 1602.<ref name="plagueepidemic">{{cite web |url=http://www.terra.es/personal9/azul1888/articulos/epidemias.pdf |title=Cartaya epidemics in the Ancien Regime. In spanish: Epidemias en la Cartaya del Antiguo Régimen |accessdate=29 March 2010 |publisher=Asociación Cultural Carteia |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121011060800/http://www.terra.es/personal9/azul1888/articulos/epidemias.pdf |archivedate=11 October 2012 }}</ref>
In later centuries – especially the 18th century – population began to rise again, and Cartaya expanded greatly in size. This was despite the 1755 Lisbon earthquake, which must have caused widespread damage to local buildings (including the convent).
Between 1804 and 1808, Cartaya belonged to the maritime province of Sanlúcar de Barrameda. It remained part of the kingdom of Seville until the territorial reorganization of Spain in 1833,<ref>{{cite web |url = http://club.telepolis.com/geografo/regional/espa/revli.htm |title = "The 19th century and the liberal revolution". In spanish: "El siglo XIX y la revolución liberal". Geografía esencial. |accessdate = 5 June 2008 |author = Pastrana Álvarez, Santiago |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20070310000042/http://club.telepolis.com/geografo/regional/espa/revli.htm |archive-date = 10 March 2007 |url-status = dead }}</ref> when it became part of the new province of Huelva.
In the late 19th century, the village of El Rompido began to develop. Although other villages had previously existed at the mouth of the Piedra, it was the development of an almadraba fishing operation that caused El Rompido to take shape. The fishery was based on the "arrow", on the other side of the river. As communications with Cartaya had to be made from the left bank of the river, families settled there and a village sprang up opposite the tuna fishery. Many of the fishermen were immigrants, especially from Portugal, who married local women. Portuguese surnames, such as ''Almeida'' or ''Brito'', are still common in El Rompido.<ref name="cartaya3">{{cite book |publisher=Excellency City Council of Cartaya |title = Article: "El Rompido, that unknown place". In spanish: Artículo "El Rompido, ese lugar desconocido". "Cartaya 1990" |year = 1990 |location = Cartaya |page = 162 }}</ref>
In the mid 20th century, the village of Punta Umbria moved for Independence from Cartaya. Despite opposition from the municipal council, Punta Umbría became a new locality of Huelva province on 26 April 1963. Punta Umbria hoped to benefit from the growing tourism industry and proposed El Portil as a location for tourist development. Despite this, the plan approved in 1968<ref>BOE number 182 of 30 July that announces to contest the execution of plan of tourism promotion "El Portil"</ref> achieved little development.
With the arrival of democracy and the promulgation of the Spanish Constitution of 1978, the municipal council of Cartaya gained more autonomy. Since then, Cartaya has grown into one of the most populous municipalities in the province of Huelva.
== Population and urban arrangement ==
=== Centres of population ===
The three main population centres are: Cartaya itself; El Rompido (including the suburbs of Urberosa and Los Pinos); and Nuevo Portil. {| class="wikitable" style="margin:1em auto;" align="center" |+ '''Main population centres in the municipality of Cartaya''' |- style="background:#efefef;" ! Population cores!! Inhabitants !! Coordenades!!Distance (km) |- | Cartaya||18,415||{{coord|37|16|59|N|7|09|17|W}}||0 |- |El Rompido||1,629||{{coord|37|13|04|N|7|07|20|W}}||8 |- |Nuevo Portil||1,139||{{coord|37|12|52|N|7|03|17|W}}||11 |- |}{{center|<small>Source: INE 2010 (2009 dates), Google Earth</small>}}
=== Demography === {{Population pyramid |year = 2009<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ine.es/jaxi/tabla.do?path=/t20/e245/p05/a2009/l0/&file=00021001.px&type=pcaxis&L=0 |title = Review of the Municipal Register 2009. Data for municipalities. Population for sex, municipalities and age (five year groups). Cartaya |publisher=Instituto Nacional de Estadística, Spain |accessdate = 17 April 2010 }}</ref> |m0 = 3.30 |m5 = 2.90 |m10 = 2.90 |m15 = 2.90 |m20 = 4.00 |m25 = 4.77 |m30 = 5.23 |m35 = 4.99 |m40 = 4.50 |m45 = 3.63 |m50 = 3.26 |m55 = 2.34 |m60 = 1.86 |m65 = 1.73 |m70 = 1.21 |m75 = 0.84 |m80 = 0.48 |m85 = 0.65 |f0 = 2.80 |f5 = 2.70 |f10 = 2.60 |f15 = 3.10 |f20 = 3.74 |f25 = 4.61 |f30 = 4.63 |f35 = 4.58 |f40 = 4.24 |f45 = 3.26 |f50 = 2.72 |f55 = 1.91 |f60 = 1.92 |f65 = 1.58 |f70 = 1.30 |f75 = 1.33 |f80 = 0.82 |f85 = 0.73 |mmax = 6 |fmax = 6 }}
The population was 18,415 people in 2010, composed of 9,508 men and 8,907 women. Growth has been significant, with the population doubling since the end of the 1980s. The population decreased significantly in 1963 because the village of Punta Umbría was separated from Cartaya into its own locality.<ref>{{cite web |url = http://www.ayto-puntaumbria.es/historia/historia.php |title = Historia de Punta Umbría |work=ayto-puntaumbria.es |accessdate = 17 April 2010 }}</ref>
{| style="background:#eeeeee; text-align:center" align="center" ! '''Statistical exploitation of the Register. Historical series. Cartaya'''<ref>{{cite web |url = http://www.ine.es/jaxi/menu.do?type=pcaxis&path=/t20/e245/p05&file=inebase |title = Explotación estadística del Padrón. Series históricas. Cartaya |publisher = Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE) Spain |accessdate = 18 April 2010 |archive-date = 20 February 2022 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20220220174404/https://www.ine.es/jaxi/menu.do?type=pcaxis&path=%2Ft20%2Fe245%2Fp05&file=inebase |url-status = dead }}</ref> |- | <timeline> Colors= id:a value:gray(0.9) id:b value:gray(0.7) id:c value:rgb(1,1,1) id:d value:Darkblue
ImageSize = width:500 height:250 PlotArea = left:50 bottom:30 top:30 right:30 DateFormat= x.y Period = from:4000 till:20000 TimeAxis = orientation:vertical AlignBars = justify ScaleMajor= gridcolor:b increment:2000 start:4000 ScaleMinor= gridcolor:a increment:1000 start:4000 BackgroundColors = canvas:c BarData=
bar:1910 text:1910 bar:1920 text:1920 bar:1930 text:1930 bar:1940 text:1940 bar:1950 text:1950 bar:1960 text:1960 bar:1970 text:1970 bar:1981 text:1981 bar:1990 text:1990 bar:2000 text:2000 bar:2009 text:2009 PlotData= color:d width:20 align:left
bar:1910 from:5000 till: 5995 bar:1920 from:5000 till: 6971 bar:1930 from:5000 till: 8165 bar:1940 from:5000 till: 9002 bar:1950 from:5000 till: 10562 bar:1960 from:5000 till: 13041 bar:1970 from:5000 till: 8281 bar:1981 from:5000 till: 8990 bar:1990 from:5000 till: 10504 bar:2000 from:5000 till: 12584 bar:2009 from:5000 till: 17905 PlotData=
bar:1910 at: 5995 fontsize:s text: 5.995 shift:(-5,5) bar:1920 at: 6971 fontsize:s text: 6.971 shift:(-12,5) bar:1930 at: 8165 fontsize:s text: 8.165 shift:(-12,5) bar:1940 at: 9002 fontsize:s text: 9.002 shift:(-12,5) bar:1950 at: 10562 fontsize:s text: 10.562 shift:(-12,5) bar:1960 at: 13041 fontsize:s text: 13.041 shift:(-12,5) bar:1970 at: 8281 fontsize:s text: 8.281 shift:(-12,5) bar:1981 at: 8990 fontsize:s text: 8.990 shift:(-12,5) bar:1990 at: 10504 fontsize:s text: 10.504 shift:(-12,5) bar:2000 at: 12584 fontsize:s text: 12.584 shift:(-12,5) bar:2009 at: 17905 fontsize:s text: 17.905 shift:(-12,5) </timeline> |- | <small>Graph elaborated by: Wikipedia based on data from INE-2009</small> |}
;Population pyramid
The analysis of the population pyramid shows the following:
* Those aged less than 20 make up 23% of the total population. * Those aged between 20 and 40 represent 37% * Those aged between 40 and 60 represent 26% * Those aged over 60 make up the remaining 14%
This population structure is typical in a modern demographic regime, with an evolution towards an aging population and a declining birth rate.
;Immigrants
As of 2009, the Register office reported 3,197 foreign inhabitants. This total represents 17% of the total population, which is significantly higher than the national and regional averages. The most heavily represented nationalities are Moroccan (876 inhabitants), Romanian (1003 inhabitants) and Ecuadorian (120).<ref>{{cite web |url = http://www.ine.es/jaxi/tabla.do?path=/t20/e245/p05/a2009/l0/&file=00021003.px&type=pcaxis&L=0 |title = Population by sex, municipalities and nationality (principal nationalities). Cartaya (2009) |publisher=ine.es |accessdate = 17 April 2010 }}</ref>
== Politics and government == thumb|The Town Hall.
=== Local administration === The municipality is run by a council whose members are elected every four years by universal suffrage. The electorate is made up of all Spanish and EU citizens aged 18 or over who are registered residents of the municipality.
In accordance with the Law of the General Electoral Regime,<ref>{{cite web |url = http://noticias.juridicas.com/base_datos/Admin/lo5-1985.t3.html#c4 |title = Organic Law 5/1985 Article 169 |publisher=noticias jurídicas.com |accessdate = 20 April 2009 }}</ref> which establishes the number of councilors on the basis of the population of the municipality, Cartaya has 17 Municipal Councilors. In the 2007 Municipal Elections, Juan Antonio Millán Jaldón was re-elected mayor. The rest of the council was made up as follows:
{| width="100%" | {| class="wikitable" style="font-size: 90%; text-align:center;" align="center" |+ style="font-weight: bold; font-size: 1.1em; margin-bottom: 0.5em;" | Municipal Elections Results in Cartaya.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.elecciones.mir.es/MIR/jsp/resultados/index.htm |title=Municipal Elections Results May 2007 |accessdate=19 March 2010 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100324190731/http://www.elecciones.mir.es/MIR/jsp/resultados/index.htm |archivedate=24 March 2010 }}</ref> |- style="background:#eee" !rowspan="2"|Political Party |colspan="3"|2007 |- style="background:#eee" ||%||Councilors |- |align="left"|Spanish Socialist Workers' Party||57,75||11 |- |align="left"|United Left||14,50||2 |- |align="left"|Andalusian Party||13,57||2 |- |align="left"|People's Party||12,80||2 |} | {| class="wikitable" style="margin:auto;" |+ Mayors since the municipal elections of 1979 ! Period ! Mayor's name |- | align="center"|1979–1983 | Pedro Jurado Hachero |- | align="center"|1983–1987 | Guillermo Pérez Gómez |- | align="center"|1987–1991 | Miguel Romero Palacios |- | align="center"|1991–Current | Juan Antonio Millán Jaldón |} |}
== Economy == ;Business activity and employment As of 2008, there were a total of 1,105 companies in the municipality. Of these, 990 employed 5 workers or fewer; 91 companies had a staff of between 6 and 19 workers; and only 24 companies employed more than 20 workers.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.juntadeandalucia.es/institutodeestadistica/sima/htm/sm21021.htm |title=Commercial establishments. 2008. Cartaya |publisher=Statistics Institute of Andalusia. Multi-territorial Information System of Andalusia |accessdate=28 January 2010 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090527064221/http://www.juntadeandalucia.es/institutodeestadistica/sima/htm/sm21021.htm |archivedate=27 May 2009 }}</ref>
Cartaya also belongs to the Beturia Mancomunidad of Municipalities, which runs several initiatives to promote economic development in the region.<ref>{{cite web |url = http://www.beturia.es/index.php?id=29&L= |title = Webs of Cities Council |publisher=Mancomunidad Beturia |accessdate = 28 March 2010 }}</ref> One of these was the creation of the Cartaya School of Business (''ULOPA''), which aims to improve the local economy.<ref>{{cite web |url = http://www.ayto-cartaya.es/01_es/directorio.php |title = Cartaya's City Council, directory |publisher = Cartaya's City Council |accessdate = 28 March 2010 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20100403052729/http://www.ayto-cartaya.es/01_es/directorio.php |archive-date = 3 April 2010 |url-status = dead }}</ref>
==See also== * List of municipalities in Huelva
== References == {{Reflist}}
== External links == {{Commons category}} * *[https://web.archive.org/web/20070630154256/http://www.cartayaweb.com/cartayadigital/index.php Cartaya Online Newspaper] *[https://web.archive.org/web/20070921221947/http://cartayaweb.com/mapa.php Map of Cartaya: ] *[https://web.archive.org/web/20070921221837/http://cartayaweb.com/recre/index.php Recreativo football club in Cartaya] *[https://web.archive.org/web/20090527064221/http://www.juntadeandalucia.es/institutodeestadistica/sima/htm/sm21021.htm Cartaya] – Sistema de Información Multiterritorial de Andalucía *[https://web.archive.org/web/20071011152219/http://www.cartayaweb.com/cartayadigital/hemeroteca.php Cartaya newspaper library (coming up)]
{{Municipalities in Huelva}} {{authority control}}
Category:Municipalities in the Province of Huelva