{{Short description|Species of flowering plant}} {{Speciesbox |genus = Cardamine |species = incisa |authority = K.Schum.{{r|IPNI:292671-2}} |synonyms = {{Collapsible list |title=Homotypic synonyms |{{Species list |Dentaria incisa |Eames |Dentaria incisifolia |Eames ex Britton }}}} |synonyms_ref = {{r|USDA}} }}
'''''Cardamine incisa''''' is a species of flowering plant in the mustard family Brassicaceae.{{r|POWO:292671-2}}
==Taxonomy== ''Cardamine incisa'' was first described as ''Dentaria incisa'' by Edwin Hubert Eames in 1903.{{r|IPNI:298715-2}}{{sfnp|Eames|1903|loc=[https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/562188#page/224/mode/1up p. 216]}} However, the name ''Dentaria incisa'' {{small|Eames}} is an illegitimate name since the binomial name ''Dentaria incisa'' was already in use at the time Eames published his description. The American botanist Nathaniel Lord Britton corrected this oversight by describing ''Dentaria incisifolia'' {{small|Eames ex Britton}} in 1905,{{r|IPNI:77945-2}} but by that time, a valid description for ''Cardamine incisa'' had already been provided by the German botanist Karl Moritz Schumann in 1904.{{r|IPNI:292671-2}} Therefore, the correct name for this taxon is ''Cardamine incisa'' {{small|K.Schum.}},{{r|POWO:292671-2}} while the other two names are synonyms. In recognition of Eames' contribution, the taxon is sometimes referred to as '''Eames' toothwort'''.{{sfnp|Haines|2011|p=482}}{{r|Go Botany}}
''Cardamine incisa'' is a member of the ''Cardamine concatenata'' alliance, a monophyletic group of eastern North American species that includes ''Cardamine angustata'', ''Cardamine concatenata'', ''Cardamine diphylla'', ''Cardamine dissecta'', ''Cardamine incisa'', and ''Cardamine maxima''.{{r|Sweeney and Price 2001}} All members of the alliance were previously placed in genus ''Dentaria'' {{small|Tourn. ex L.}}, which is now considered to be a synonym for ''Cardamine'' {{small|L.}}{{r|POWO:30001912-2}}
Some authorities recognize the taxon corresponding to ''Cardamine incisa'' {{small|K.Schum.}},{{r|POWO:292671-2|USDA}}{{sfnp|Haines|2011|pp=479-482}} while others do not. In particular, ''Flora of North America'' and NatureServe do not recognize this taxon.
==References== {{Reflist|40em|refs=
<ref name="Go Botany">{{cite web |title=''Cardamine incisa'' — Eames' toothwort |url=https://gobotany.nativeplanttrust.org/species/cardamine/incisa/ |website=Go Botany |publisher=Native Plant Trust |access-date=10 June 2023}}</ref>
<ref name="IPNI:298715-2">{{IPNI |id=298715-2 |taxon=''Dentaria'' ''incisa'' |authority={{small|Eames}} |access-date=9 June 2023}}</ref>
<ref name="IPNI:77945-2">{{IPNI |id=77945-2 |taxon=''Dentaria'' ''incisifolia'' |authority={{small|Eames ex Britton}} |access-date=10 June 2023}}</ref>
<ref name="IPNI:292671-2">{{IPNI |id=292671-2 |taxon=''Cardamine'' ''incisa'' |authority={{small|K.Schum.}} |access-date=9 June 2023}}</ref>
<ref name="POWO:292671-2">{{cite POWO |id=292671-2 |title=''Cardamine incisa'' {{small|K.Schum.}} |access-date=9 June 2023}}</ref>
<ref name="POWO:30001912-2">{{cite POWO |id=30001912-2 |title=''Dentaria'' {{small|Tourn. ex L.}} |access-date=9 June 2023}}</ref>
<ref name="Sweeney and Price 2001">{{cite journal |last1=Sweeney |first1=Patrick W. |last2=Price |first2=Robert A. |title=A multivariate morphological analysis of the ''Cardamine concatenata'' alliance (Brassicaceae) |journal=Brittonia |date=2001 |volume=53 |issue=1 |pages=82–95 |doi=10.1007/BF02805400 |bibcode=2001Britt..53...82S |url=https://www.academia.edu/11088450 |access-date=9 June 2023}}</ref>
<ref name="USDA">{{PLANTS |id=CAIN20 |taxon=Cardamine incisa |access-date=29 January 2023}}</ref>
}}
==Bibliography== * {{cite journal |last1=Eames |first1=Edwin H. |title=The Dentarias of Connecticut |journal=Rhodora |date=September 1903 |volume=5 |issue=57 |pages=213–219}} * {{cite book |last1=Haines |first1=Arthur |others=Illustrated by Elizabeth Farnsworth and Gordon Morrison |title=New England Wild Flower Society's Flora Novae Angliae: A Manual for the Identification of Native and Naturalized Higher Vascular Plants of New England |date=2011 |publisher=Yale University Press |isbn=978-0-300-17154-9 |url={{Google books|RKKWVwC_sdoC|page=94|plainurl=yes}}}}
{{Taxonbar|from=Q15537969}}
incisa Category:Flora of Connecticut Category:Plants described in 1903 Category:Taxa named by Karl Moritz Schumann
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